• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.45-54
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• 2004

Major symptoms of allergic rhinitis are nasal obstructions, sneezing and watery rhinorrhea. Gamigyeji-tang has been used to treat for watery rhinorrhea, which is one of the symptoms of allergic rhinitis. This experimental study was done to rescarch effects of Gamigyeji-tang. We have studied effect of mice on OVA-induced Production of IL-4, IL-5, IFN-${\gamma}$ by Murine Splenocytes, and effect of OVA-induced total IgE and OVA-Specific IgE. The results were as follows ; 1. In IL-4 study, Gamigyeji-tang treated group was proved significant inhibitory effect(p〈0.005) 2. In IL-5 study, Gamigyeji-tang treated group was proved significant inhibitory effect.(p〈0.05) 3. In IFN-${\gamma}$ study, Gamigyeji-tang treated group was proved significant inhibitory effect(p〈0.000001) 4. In Total IgE, Gamigyeji-tang treated group didn't showed significant inhibitory effect. 5. In OVA-specific IgE, Gamigyeji-tang treated group didn't showed significant inhibitory effect. According to this result, Gamigyejj-tang was concluded to be effective on anti-allergic action. More studies are required to investigate the mechanism of inhibition by herbal medicine in allergic rhinitis model.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.37-44
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• 2012

Objectives : The present study was undertaken to determine whether the ethanol extact of Citri Pericarpium (CP, Pericarp of Citrus unshiu Markovich, Rutaceae) is effective against atopic dermatitis according to it's storage period. Methods : To evaluate antiallergic effect of CP and OCP (Old Citri Pericarpium) evaluated in vivo their inhibitory effects against passive cutaenous anaphylaxis (PCA) reaction induced by IgE-antigen complex and scratching behaviors by compound 48/80. The Anti-atopic effects were measured by contact dermatitis, prurient animal model and PCA reaction. Contact dermatitis in mice as a model of the Type IV reaction caused by Oxazolone. Results : The results showed that anti-pruritus effects, analgesic effects of CP was depends on its hesperetin contents. And It also showed that keep longer in storage appeared to be higher in hesperetin contents. Both CP and OCP(Old CP) have a dose-dependent analgesic action in acetic acid induced writhing syndrome. OCP Potently inhibited PCA reaction in mice, although OCP weakly inhibited in long term contact dermatitis model in mice. Conclusions : These results suggest that the Proportional to the storage period, Citri Pericarpium possesses analgesic effects and anti-allergic effects.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.64 no.2
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• pp.60-67
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• 2021

Eosinophils are a type of granulocyte with eosinophilic granules in the cytoplasm that play an important role in allergic and parasitic diseases. Eosinophils are important in the pathogenesis of asthma, and many studies have examined the relationship between them. In allergic eosinophilic asthma, eosinophils act not only as important effector cells but also as antigen-presenting cells in allergic inflammatory reactions. In nonallergic eosinophilic asthma, type 2 innate lymphoid cells in the airways play an important role in eosinophil activation. Direct methods, including bronchial biopsy, bronchoalveolar lavage, and the induced sputum test, are used to evaluate eosinophilic inflammatory reactions in patients with asthma, however, because of difficulty with their implementation, they are sometimes replaced by measurements of blood eosinophils, fraction of exhaled nitric oxide, and serum periostin level. However, these tests are less accurate than direct methods. For the treatment of patients with severe eosinophilic asthma, anti-interleukin-5 preparations such as mepolizumab, reslizumab, and benralizumab have recently been introduced and broadened the scope of asthma treatment. Although eosinophils are already known to play an important role in asthma, we expect that further studies will reveal more details of their action.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.75-88
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• 2001

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of Kwakhyangjeonggisan (KJS) on the anti-allergic action. In the present study, we examined the effect of KJS on type I and type IV allergic reaction. KJS inhibited the systemic anaphylaxis induced by compound 48/80 and platelet activating factor (PAF), and inhibited the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) induced by anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP)-IgE and DNP-human serum albumin (HSA) in vivo. In addition, KJS dose-dependently inhibited the release of histamine from peritoneal mast cells in rat. Also, KJS inhibited the delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) induced by SRBC and the contact dermatitis induced by dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB). KJS inhibited the proliferation of splenocytes, the subpopulation of B220+ cells and CD4+CD8-(Th) cells in splenocytes and the production of γ-interferon in serum and splenocytes. These findings suggest that KJS prevented the type I allergy by the inhibition of histamine release from mast cells and the type IV allergy by the inhibition of γ-interferon production and B lymphocytes subpopulation. These results indicate that KJS may be useful for the prevention and treatment of type I and type IV allergy related disease.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.477-481
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• 2012

The rhizomes of Acorus gramineus have frequently been used in traditional medicine mainly for sedation as well as enhancing brain function. In this study, the anti-allergic activity of A. gramineus was investigated. The 70% ethanol extract of the rhizomes of A. gramineus was found to inhibit the allergic response against 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX)-catalyzed leukotriene (LT) production from rat basophilic leukemia (RBL)-1 cells and ${\beta}$-hexosaminidase release from RBL-2H3 cells with $IC_{50}$'s of 48.9 and > $200{\mu}g/ml$, respectively. Among the 9 major constituents isolated, ${\beta}$-asarone, (2R,3R,4S,5S)-2,4-dimethyl-1,3-bis (2',4',5'-trimethoxyphenyl)tetrahydrofuran (AF) and 2,3-dihydro-4,5,7-trimethoxy-1-ethyl-2-methyl-3-(2,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)indene (AI) strongly inhibited 5-LOX-catalyzed LT production in A23187-treated RBL-1 cells, AI being the most potent ($IC_{50}=6.7{\mu}M$). Against ${\beta}$-hexosaminidase release by antigen-stimulated RBL-2H3 cells, only AI exhibited strong inhibition ($IC_{50}=7.3{\mu}M$) while ${\beta}$-asarone and AF showed 26.0% and 39.9% inhibition at $50{\mu}M$, respectively. In addition, the ethanol extract of A. gramineus showed significant inhibitory action against the hapten-induced delayed hypersensitivity reaction in mice by oral administration at 200 mg/kg. Therefore, it is suggested that A. gramineus possesses anti-allergic activity and the constituents including ${\beta}$-asarone and AI certainly contribute to the anti-allergic activity of the rhizomes of A. gramineus.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.249-273
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• 1997

Hyunggyeyungyotang has been used for treatment of sinusitis and otitis media in oriental medicine since ancient times. It is reported that Hyunggyeyungyotang has good effects on inflammatory and allergic diseases of otorhinolaryngology in clinical medicine. Kamihyunggyeyungyotang was made by adding several herbs to Hyunggyeyungyotang which has such good effects. To investigate the effects of Hyunggyeyungyotang and Kamihyunggyeyungyotang on inflammatory, algesic and allergic diseases, the author examined the analgesic effect by acetic acid reaction, studied the anti-inflammatory effect through the experiments of the protein thermo-denaturation and circumscribed edema. Besides researched the anti-allergic effect through the vascular permeability response to Chemical Mediator and the delayed type hypersensitivity response to Picryl Chloride. The obtained results were as follows ; 1. In the analgesic effect of Hyunggyeyungyotang and Kamihyunggyeyungyotang extract by acetic acid method, both of the sample groups showed the analgesia, but didn't show useful effect. 2. In the anti-inflammatory effect on the protein thermo-denaturation, the sample groups revealed the inhibitory effect in proportion to concentration as compared with the control group. 3. In the inhibitory action on circumscribed edema induced by Caraggeenin, both of Hyunggyeyungyotang and Kamihyunggyeyungyotang administration showed the significant effect after 4 hours in comparison to the control group. 4. In the delayed type hypersensitivity response to Picryl Chloride, both of the sample groups revealed the significant effects. 5. Both of the sample groups decreased the vascular permeability induced by Histamine in comparison with the control group, but the significancy was admitted in only Hyunggyeyungyotang administration. According to above results, Hyunggyeyungyotang and Kamihyunggyeyungyotang are considered to be used for treament of the inflammatory diseases including sinusitis.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.125-136
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• 2004

The pharmacological mechanisms of most Oriental medicines have not been clearly defined in spite of their effective use in treating many diseases throughout the world. Many Oriental medicines have been used against various allergic diseases for generations, and still occupy an important place in traditional medicine in far eastern countries including Korea. It is also still unclear how Oriental drugs prevent allergic disease in vivo or in vitro models. Some Korean folk medicine inhibited the mast cell-mediated allergic reaction. This review summarizes the effective folk medicine in experimental effect on systemic or local anaphylaxis reaction. Potential anti-anaphylactic folk medicines include: Poncirus trifoliata; Siegesbeckia glabrescence; Solanum lyratum; Aquilaria agallocha; Ulmi radicis; Polygonum tinctorium; Hwanglyun-Haedok-Tang; Rehmannia glutinosa; Kum-Hwag-San; Syzygium aromaticm; Spirulina platensis; Sosiho-Tang; Sinomenium acutum; Schizonepta tenuifolia; Shini-San; Magnoliae flos; Sochungryong-Tang; Oryza sativa; Cryptotympana atrata; Salviae radix; Rosa davurica; Asiasari radix; Chung-Dae-San; Cichorium intybus; Perilla frutescens; Vitex rotundifolia; Terminalia chebula; Siberian Ginseng; Solanum melongena; Gahmi-Shini-San; Alpinia oxyphylla; Acanthopanax senticosus root; Prunella vulgaris; Allergina; Ixeris dentate; Acanthopanax senticosus stem; Tongkyutang; Salvia plebeia; Rubus coreanus; Sinpo- Tang; Dodutang; Forsythia fructus; Xanthii fructus; and Purple bamboo slat. Ensuring the effects and understanding the mechanisms of action for these Oriental medicines can permit drug development and laying of the ground-work for evaluating potential synergistic effects by addition and subtraction of prescriptions.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.240-249
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• 2001

Objective : Anal Therapy is another way of taking medicine and applies to each field of clinical treatment extensively. Sinpo-tang(SPT) has been used for the treatment of a allergic rhinitis. In this study, the auther investigated the anti anaphylactic action of Sinpo-tang by anal therapy was investigated on cutaneous allergic reaction models. Methods : Results : 1. Sinpo-tang (0,001-0.1 g/kg) dose-dependently inhibited the compound 48/80-induced ear swelling response in mice. Inhibitory effect of Sinpo-tang was significant (P < 0.05) at the doses of 0.01, 0.1 g/kg. 2. Sinpo-tang (0.001-0.1 g/kg) inhibited the cutaneous allergic reaction activated by anti-dinitrophenyl IgE in rats. Of special note, Sinpo-tang (0.1 g/kg) inhibited the cutaneous allergic reaction by $68\%$. 3. This inhibitory effect of Sinpo-tang was confirmed by observation of alcian blue/nuclear fast red stained-mast cells in the cutaneous tissue. 4. Sinpo-tang (0.01-1 g/L) dose-dependently inhibited the compound 48/80-induced histamine release from the peritoneal mast cells. Conclusions :These results indicate that anal therapy of Sinpo-tang may be beneficial in the treatment of mast cell-mediated anaphylaxis by inhibition of histamine release from mast cells in vivo and in vitro.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.92-97
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• 2020

A previous pharmacogenomic analysis identified cromolyn, an anti-allergic drug, as an effective anti-fibrotic agent that acts on hepatocytes and stellate cells. Furthermore, cromolyn was shown to be a G protein-coupled receptor 35 (GPR35) agonist. However, it has not been studied whether anti-fibrotic effects are mediated by GPR35. Therefore, in this study, the role of GPR35 in hepatic fibrosis was investigated through the use of lodoxamide, another anti-allergic drug and a potent GPR35 agonist. Long-term treatment with carbon tetrachloride induced hepatic fibrosis, which was inhibited by treatment with lodoxamide. Furthermore, CID2745687, a specific GPR35 antagonist, reversed lodoxamide-mediated anti-fibrotic effects. In addition, lodoxamide treatment showed significant effects on the mRNA expression of collagen Iα1, collagen Iα2, and TGF-β1 in the extracellular matrix. However, a transforming growth factor α (TGF-α) shedding assay revealed lodoxamide not to be a potent agonist of mouse GPR35 in vitro. Therefore, these results showed anti-fibrotic effects of lodoxamide in mice and raise concerns how lodoxamide protects against liver fibrosis in vivo and whether GPR35 is involved in the action.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.617-625
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• 2007

Samul-Tang (SMT) has been used for nourishing of the blood, hematopoiesis as a herbal medicine history. The purpose of this study is to find out anti-allergic inflammatory reaction of SMT. To clarify the mechanism, the effect of SMT on vascular permeability of rat cutaneous tissue and histamine and cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, TNF-${\alpha}$) release from mast cells were observed. The results are the pretreatment with SMT significantly decreased the compound 48/80-induced degranulation and histamine release from RPMC, SMT also inhibited the anti-DNP lgE-induced increment of vascular permeability of rat cutaneous tissue. SMT significantly reduced the PMA plus A23187-induced increment of expression of IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-${\alpha}$ in HMC-1 Cell. The Present study provide evidence that SMT inhibits mast cell-derived inflammatory allergic reactions by blocking histamine release and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, and suggest the mechanisms of action. Furthermore, in vivo and in vitro anti-allergic effect of SMT suggests a possible therapeutic application of this agent in inflammatory allergic diseases.