• 제목/요약/키워드: Antagonistic microorganism

검색결과 51건 처리시간 0.032초

Biological control of Lettuce Sclerotinia rot using Bacillus mojanvinensis Pro-EB 15 strain.

  • Bak, Joung-Woo;Kim, Hyun-Ju;Park, Jong-Young;Lee, Kwang-Youll;Gang, Jun-Ho;Lee, Jin-Woo;Jung, Soon-Je;Moon, Byung-Ju
    • 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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    • pp.102.2-103
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    • 2003
  • This studies were investigated the occurrence of Sclerotinia rot by Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum at the lettuce field in Uiryeong-Gun, Gyeongsangnam-Do and were isolated the most effective microorganism for the biological control to the pathogen, S. sclerotiorum YR-1 strain from diseased soil and lettuce leaves. For the pathogenicity test, the most suitable inoculmn density of YR-1 strain was selected as the mycelial suspension of 40m1 showing disease incidence of 80%, and the symptom showed as same as at the fields, the leaves and stem had rotten and developed white downy mycelial at the diseased lesion on the leaves and stems, and produced black and irregular sclerotinia. On the PDA dual test, about 300 isolates were examined the antifungal activity to the pathogen, YR-1 strain, and among them, A-2, A-7, and RH-4 strain were selected most effective antagonistic bacteria. At pots test, the control value of A-7 strain showed the highest value as 85% which was more effective than that of others in a growth chamber. For the promotion of control effect, the selected 3 isolates were spayed on the lettuce leaves as a sole and/or mixed treatments in a growth chamber, the mixed treatment of A-7 and RH-4 strain showing the control value of 90% was most effective than that of sole treatment with A-7 or RH-4 strain showing the control value of 80%, respectively and mixed treatment with A-2 and A-7 strain and A-2, A-7 and RH-4 strain. In addition, 3 bacteria re-isolated from diseased soils, and all of the selected 6 isolates investigated the control effect at pots in a growth chamber, According to the results, A-7 and Pro-EB 15 strain showed the control value of 91.0% and 90.1% respectively, and they were selected most effectual antagonistic bacteria to control lettuce sclerotinia rot and identified as the Bacillus mojanuinensis by 16s RNA analysis. This is the first report on the biological control using by B. mojanvinensis to the lettuce Sclerotinia rot.

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양송이버섯 재배 후 폐상퇴비의 효과 분석 및 분리 미생물의 특성 (Characteristic of Microorganism and Effect Analysis of Spent Mushroom Compost after Cultivation of Button Mushroom, Agaricus bisporus)

  • 이찬중;윤형식;정종천;전창성;김승환;이순자
    • 한국토양비료학회지
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    • 제42권2호
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    • pp.123-131
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    • 2009
  • 양송이버섯 재배 후 폐상퇴비의 효율적인 재활용과 친환경 자재로서의 이용가능성을 검토하기 위해 작물과 식물병원균에 미치는 영향을 미생물학적인 관점에서 조사하였다. 폐상시기별로 폐상퇴비내 미생물상은 농가마다 차이는 있었지만 형광성 Pseudomonas속, 내열성 세균, 방선균 등 다양한 미생물이 분포하였고, 특히 버섯에는 병원균으로 작용하지만 식물병원균에는 길항균으로 사용되고 있는 Trichoderma 속이 많이 분포하고 있었다. 폐상퇴비에서 분리한 미생물의 여러가지 채소병원균에 대한 항균력을 조사한 결과 식물병원균에 대하여 광범위한 항균 스펙트럼을 나타내었다. 농가마다 채취한 폐상퇴비 중에 항균력을 가지는 미생물의 분포는 달랐지만 분리균의 상당수가 검은무늬병(Alternaria brassicicola), 역병(Phytophthora melonis, Phytophthora capsici), 탄저병(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) 등에는 강한 항균력을 보였다. 또한 분리 미생물 중 45.8%가 고추 근권에 정착하는 능력을 보였고, 이들 중 5.8%는 $5{\times}10^2cfu\;root^{-1}$ 이상 정착 능력을 보였다. 미생물처리시 균주의 62.7%가 고추 생장을 촉진시켰고, 뿌리 또한 무처리에 비해 생장이 왕성하였다. 폐상퇴비 추출물의 고추 종자 발아 및 생육정도를 조사한 결과 양송이버섯을 정상적으로 수확하고 폐상한 퇴비는 고추의 발아에 전혀 지장이 없었지만 버섯을 거의 수확하지 못한 폐상퇴비의 경우 고추의 발아에 심각한 문제가 발생하였고, 포트시험 결과도 버섯을 거의 수확하지 못한 폐상퇴비를 처리한 경우 고추의 발아 및 생육이 전혀 이루어지지 않았다. 폐상퇴비를 멸균 및 비멸균 조건으로 실험한 결과 폐상시기에 관계없이 멸균시료에 비해 비멸균 시료에서 고추의 생육이 왕성하였다.

Biological Control of Soil-borne Diseases with Antagonistic Bacteria

  • Kim, Byung-Ryun;Hahm, Soo-Sang;Han, Kwang-Seop;Kim, Jong-Tae;Park, In-Hee
    • 한국균학회소식:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국균학회 2016년도 춘계학술대회 및 임시총회
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    • pp.25-25
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    • 2016
  • Biological control has many advantages as a disease control method, particularly when compared with pesticides. One of the most important benefits is that biological control is an environmental friendly method and does not introduce pollutants into the environment. Another great advantage of this method is its selectivity. Selectivity is the important factor regarding the balance of agricultural ecosystems because a great damage to non target species can lead to the restriction of natural enemies' populations. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of several different bacterial isolates on the efficacy of biological control of soil borne diseases. White rot caused by Sclerotium cepivorum was reported to be severe disease of garlic and chive. The antifungal bacteria Burkholderia pyrrocinia CAB08106-4 was tested in field bioassays for its ability to suppress white rot disease. In field tests, B. pyrrocinia CAB08106-4 isolates suppressed white rot in garlic and chive, with the average control efficacies of 69.6% and 58.9%, respectively. In addition, when a culture filtrate of B. pyrrocinia CAB08106-4 was sprayed onto wounded garlic bulbs after inoculation with a Penicillium hirstum spore suspension in a cold storage room ($-2^{\circ}C$), blue mold disease on garlic bulbs was suppressed, with a control efficacy of 79.2%. These results suggested that B. pyrrocinia CAB08106-4 isolates could be used as effective biological control agents against both soil-borne and post-harvest diseases of Liliaceae. Chinese cabbage clubroot caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae was found to be highly virulent in Chinese cabbage, turnips, and cabbage. In this study, the endophytic bacterium Flavobacterium hercynium EPB-C313, which was isolated from Chinese cabbage tissues, was investigated for its antimicrobial activity by inactivating resting spores and its control effects on clubroot disease using bioassays. The bacterial cells, culture solutions, and culture filtrates of F. hercynium EPB-C313 inactivated the resting spores of P. brassicae, with the control efficacies of 90.4%, 36.8%, and 26.0%, respectively. Complex treatments greatly enhanced the control efficacy by 63.7% in a field of 50% diseased plants by incorporating pellets containing organic matter and F. hercynium EPB-C313 in soil, drenching seedlings with a culture solution of F. hercynium EPB-C313, and drenching soil for 10 days after planting. Soft rot caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum was reported to be severe disease to Chinese cabbage in spring seasons. The antifungal bacterium, Bacillus sp. CAB12243-2 suppresses the soft rot disease on Chinese cabbage with 73.0% control efficacy in greenhouse assay. This isolate will increase the utilization of rhizobacteria species as biocontrol agents against soft rot disease of vegetable crops. Sclerotinia rot caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum has been reported on lettuce during winter. An antifungal isolate of Pseudomonas corrugata CAB07024-3 was tested in field bioassays for its ability to suppress scleritinia rot. This antagonistic microorganism showed four-year average effects of 63.1% of the control in the same field. Furthermore, P. corrugata CAB07024-3 has a wide antifungal spectrum against plant pathogens, including Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Sclerotium cepivorum, Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Phytophotra capsici, and Pythium myriotylum.

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잔디 피시움마름병(Pythium blight)의 생물학적 방제를 위한 길항 미생물의 선발과 효력 검정 (Development of Antagonistic Microorganism for Biological Control of Pythium Blight of Turfgrass)

  • 정우철;신택수;도기석;김원극;이재호;최기현
    • 식물병연구
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    • 제12권3호
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    • pp.260-266
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    • 2006
  • Pythium spp. 균에 의해 발생되는 피시움마름병(Pythium blight)은 골프장 퍼팅 그린에서 문제가 되는 대표적 병해이다. 본 연구에서는 Pythium aphanidermatum를 피시움마름병 병원균으로 하여 생물학적 방제법에 이용할 수 있는 길항 미생물을 1차 선발하였고, 선발된 길항 미생물에 대해 폿트 수준의 생물 검정 실험을 실시하였다. 두 실험을 동해 선발된 미생물 중에서 Relative Performance Indies 값을 기준으로 가장 우수한 것을 선별하여 피시움마름병에 대한 길항 미생물로 최종 선발하였고, 동정한 결과 Bacillus subtilis로 밝혀졌다. 최종 선발된 미생물은 B. subtilis GB-0365라 명명하였고, 화학 농약에 대한 내성 실험과 혼용 처리에 따른 효과를 검정하여 화학 농약과 시간의 차이를 두고 교호 살포할 경우 방제효과가 보다 높게 나타났다. 골프장의 간이 묘포장에서 자연 발생된 피시움마름병에 대한 B. subtilis GB-0365의 방제효과를 검증한 결과, 무처리 대비 방제가는 56.4%, 화학 농약 대비 방제가는 60.9%로 우수한 방제 효과을 가진 것으로 판명되었다.

Control Effect of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia BW-13 strain to the lettuce Bottom rot

  • Park, Jong-Young;Kim, Hyun-Ju;Bak, Joung-Woo;Lee, Kwang-Youll;Jun, Ok-Ju;Lee, Jin-Woo;Jung, Soon-Je;Moon, Byung-Ju
    • 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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    • pp.103.1-103
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    • 2003
  • An antagonistic bacteria, Stenotrophomonas maitophilia BW-13 strain which was effectively inhibited mycerial growth of Bottom rot pathogen, Rhizoctonia solani PY-1 strain was isolated from the rhizosphere of the lettuce in Uiryeong-Gun, Gyeongsangnam-Do from 2002 to 2003. For the biological control, the most suitable inoculum and its density of pathogen, PY-1 strain ware tested prior biological control test, For the pathogenicity test, A inoculum (wheat bran)sawdust+rice bran+PDB) showing disease incidence of 100% was selected as the most suitable inoculum, which showed more effective than B inoculum (sawdust+rice bran+DW) and mycelial disc. also, In selection of the amount of inoculum (40g, 50g, 60g, 70g, 80g), most suitable amount of inoculum of pathogen determined as 40g showing disease incidence of 80%. For the selection of effective microorganism to control bottom rot on lettuce, about 200 isolates were isolated from the diseased soil and lettuce leaves, and examined their antifungal activity to the pathogen on PDA. As the pots assay, BW-13 strain showed the highest control value as 90%, and followed by R-13 and R-26 strain as 80% and 60%, respectively. Selected BW-13 isolates identified as 5. maltophilia (GeneBank accession no. AJ293473.1, 99%) by 16S rRNA sequencing. This is the first report on the biological control using by S. maltophilia to the bottom rot pathogen, Rhizoctonia solani PY-1 strain.

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참다래 꼭지썩음병을 일으키는 Diaporthe actinidiae을 억제하는 길항성 Bacillus sp. #72의 분리 및 동정 (Screening and Identification of Antifungal Bacillus sp. #72 against the Pathogenic Stem-end Rot of Kiwi Fruit)

  • 조정일;조자용;박용서;양승렬;허복구
    • 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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    • 제18권2호
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    • pp.241-246
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    • 2007
  • This study was conducted to select and screen for an antifungal bacterial strain showing pathogen inhibitory activity against Diaporthe actinidiae, which causes stem-end rot in kiwi fruit. Four bacterial strains were isolated which strongly inhibit Diaporthe actinidiae from among two hundred and fifty bacterial strains screened from the soil where kiwi fruit were grown. By co-culturing bacterial strain #72 and the pathogen causing the stem-end rot of kiwi fruit, bacterial strain #72 showed 81.0% antifungal activity against Diaporthe actinidiae. Bacterial strain #72 was identified to be from the genus Bacillus sp. based on morphological and biochemical characterization. The bacterialization of culture broth for Bacillus sp. #72 which was sterilized at $121^{\circ}C$ for 15 minutes and than purified by $0.45{\mu}m$ membrane filter showed almost all of the antagonistic activity against Diaporthe actinidiae. We have also confirmed that in vitro treatment of Bacillus sp. #72 cultured in SD+B+P(sugar 5%, soy sauce 3%, beef extract 0.2%, peptone 0.2%) medium efficiently inhibited the growth of Diaporthe actinidiae responsible for stem-end rot in kiwi fruit.

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Bacillus sp.의 생장과 인 제거능에 대한 단일 및 2종 혼합 중금속의 독성 평가 (Toxicity Evaluation of Single and Binary Mixture of Heavy Metals on the Growth and Phosphorus Removal Ability of Bacillus sp.)

  • 김덕원;박지수;오은지;유진;김덕현;정근욱
    • 한국환경과학회지
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    • 제30권11호
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    • pp.945-956
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    • 2021
  • In this study, the effects of single and binary heavy metals toxicity on the growth and phosphorus removal ability of Bacillus sp.. known as be a phosphorus-removing microorganism, were quantitatively evaluated. Cd, Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni were used as heavy metals. As a result of analysis of variance of the half of inhibition concentration and half of effective concentration for each single heavy metal treatment group, the inhibitory effect on the growth of Bacillus sp. was Ni < Pb < Zn < Cu < Cd. And the inhibitory effect on phosphorus removal by Bacillus sp. was Ni < Pb < Zn < Cu < Cd. When analyzing the correlation between growth inhibition and phosphorus removal efficiency of a single heavy metal treatment group, a negative correlation was found (R2 = 0.815), and a positive correlation was found when the correlation between IC50 and EC50 was analyzed (R2 = 0.959). In all binary heavy metal treatment groups, the interaction was an antagonistic effect when evaluated using the additive toxicity index method. This paper is considered to be basic data on the toxic effects of heavy metals when phosphorus is removed using phosphorus removal microorganisms in wastewater.

Quantifying the Interactive Inhibitory Effect of Heavy Metals on the Growth and Phosphorus Removal of Pseudomonas taeanensis

  • Yoo, Jin;Kim, Deok-Hyun;Oh, Eun-Ji;Chung, Keun-Yook
    • 한국토양비료학회지
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    • 제51권1호
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    • pp.35-49
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    • 2018
  • This study was initiated to quantitatively evaluate the effects of five heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Zn, Pb, and Ni) on growth and P removal efficiencies of Pseudomonastaeanensis, known as the phosphorus accumulating microorganism. The heavy metals were added individually and with the binary mixture to the batch culturing system of Pseudomonastaeanensis. $IC_{50}$ and $EC_{50}$ were used to quantitatively evaluate their effects on the growth and phosphorus removal efficiency of Pseudomonas taeanensis in those treatments. Additionally, additive index value method was used to evaluate the interactive effects of heavy metals for Pseudomonas taeanensis in this study. As those heavy metals were singly added to Pseudomonastaeanensis, the greatest inhibitory effect on its growth and P removal efficiency was observed in Cd, whereas, the smallest effect was found in Ni. As the concentrations of all heavy metals added were gradually increased, its growth and P removal efficiency was correspondingly decreased. Specifically, $IC_{50}$ of Pseudomonas taeanensis for Cd, Cu, Zn, Pb, and Ni were $0.44mg\;L^{-1}$, $5.12mg\;L^{-1}$, $7.46mg\;L^{-1}$, $8.37mg\;L^{-1}$ and $14.56mg\;L^{-1}$, respectively. The P removal efficiency of Pseudomonas taeanensis was 81.1%. $EC_{50}$ values of Pseudomonas taeanensis for Cd, Cu, Zn, Pb, and Ni were $0.44mg\;L^{-1}$, $4.08mg\;L^{-1}$, $7.17mg\;L^{-1}$, $8.90mg\;L^{-1}$ and $11.26mg\;L^{-1}$, respectively. In the binary treatments of heavy metals, the lowest $IC_{50}$ and $EC_{50}$ were found in the Cd + Cu treatment, whereas, the highest $IC_{50}$ and $EC_{50}$ were found in the Zn + Pb and Pb + Ni treatments, respectively. Most of the interactive effects for the binary mixture treatments of heavy metals were antagonistic. Based on the results obtained from this study, it appears that they could provide the basic information about the toxic effects of the respective individual and binary treatments of heavy metals on the growth and P removal efficiency of other phosphorus accumulating organisms.

양송이버섯 재배 후 폐상퇴비가 토마토 생육에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Spent Mushroom Compost on Tomato Growth after Cultivation of Button Mushroom, Agaricus bisporus.)

  • 이찬중;정종천;전창성;김승환;윤형식
    • 한국유기농업학회지
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    • 제17권1호
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    • pp.83-94
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    • 2009
  • 양송이버섯 재배 후 문제가 되고 있는 폐상퇴비는 다음 버섯 재배의 촉박성 때문에 폐상하여 재배사 주변에 방치하는 경우가 많으며, 이들은 병해충 및 수질오염의 원인이 됨으로 신속한 처리가 필요하다. 폐상된 양송이재배 부산물에는 형광성 Pseudomonas속, 방선균 등 다양한 미생물이 분포하였고, 양송이 재배농가별로 폐상퇴비 중의 미생물상 차이가 많았다. 폐상퇴비에서 분리한 세균들은 토마토 시들음병균. 풋마름병균에 대해 길항성을 보였다. 농가별 양송이 폐상퇴비의 이화학성은 pH는 $5.8{\sim}6.7$이었고, EC는 $316{\sim}528\;dS\;m^{-1}$로 농가마다 많은 차이를 보였고, T-N의 농도는 $151{\sim}1.99%$, $P_2O_5$$0.27{\sim}0.55%$, $K_2O$$1.71{\sim}3.57%$, CaO는 $1.79{\sim}5.85%$, MgO는 $0.88{\sim}1.33%$였다. 양송이 폐상퇴비의 농가실증 시험결과 시기별 토마토의 생육과 당도는 농과관행퇴비 처리구와 뚜렷한 차이가 없었고 생육시기별 토양이화학성은 농가관행에 비해 EC와 K, Ca는 증가하였지만, 인산은 감소하였다. 처리별 토양미생물상의 변화에는 차이가 없었으며, 수량은 농가관행구에 비해 약간 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 풋마름병 발병률은 무처리에 비해 폐상퇴비 처리구에서 상대적으로 낮았다.

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Serratia plymuthica에 의한 인삼 세균뿌리썩음병 발생 (First Report of Bacterial Root Rot Caused by Serratia plymuthica on Panax ginseng)

  • 정원권;김영수;최진국;김승한;장명환;권태룡;전용호
    • 식물병연구
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    • 제24권4호
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    • pp.332-338
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    • 2018
  • 2011년 8월 경상북도 봉화군 재산면 농가포장 5년생 인삼포장에서 잎이 푸른색을 띈 채 급격하게 마르는 증상이 발견되었다. 잎이 시든 직후 인삼의 뿌리를 채취하였으나, 뿌리나 줄기에서 특별한 병징은 없었으며, 뿌리의 수분이 약간 빠져나간 상태였다. 이러한 증상이 발생된 지 10일이 경과된 뿌리에서는 뿌리가 물러지면서 썩는 증상이 나타났다. 이러한 병징과 건전부의 경계부위에서 세균이 분리되었으며, 이 세균에 의한 뿌리썩음병이 의심되었다. 세균을 배양한 후 건전 인삼에 접종하자, 동일한 썩음 증상이 발현되었으며, 병반으로부터 동일한 세균이 재분리되었다. 이 세균을 BioLog system에 의한 탄소원 이용여부, Vitek 2 system을 이용한 생화학적 반응, GC-MIDI Sherlock system을 이용한 지방산 조성, 16S rRNA 염기서열을 분석한 결과, 모두 Serratia plymuthica로 동정되었다. 이에 따라 인삼 뿌리에 발생하는 이 병을 Serratia plymuthica에 의한 인삼 세균뿌리썩음병으로 명명하여 보고하고자 한다.