• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.165-169
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• 1999

A study was performed on the susceptibility of Abate@ and Abate-S@ against 3rd instar larvae of 5 species of mosquitoes including Anopheles sinensis, Aedes dorsalis, Culex inatomii, Cx. pipiens pallens, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus and mosquito larvivorous fishes such as Chinese muddy loaches (Misgurnus muzolepis) and crucian carps (Carassius carassi~4s) in September, 1998. Cx. pipiens larvae showed that the LC5os of both Abatea and Abate-Sa were 0.006 ppm. The LC95 values of this mosquito species appeared 0.070 pprn of Abate@ and 0.035 pprn of Abate-S@ which were more susceptible than the dosage (1.0 ppm) recommended from WHO. An. sinensis larvae appeared 0.009 pprn of LC50 and 0.025 pprn of LCgs. The larvae of Cx. inatomii and Ae. dorsalis showed the most highly susceptible to Abate-S@ among the 5 mosquito species with LC50 values of 1.9 x pprn and 1.1 x pprn respectively, and the LC95 values were 5.2 x 10-hppm and 1.4 x ppm, respectively. On the other hand, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus appeared least affected by Abate-Sa. and was brought 0.048 pprn of LC50 and 0.808 pprn of LCg5. These two insecticides were much less toxic to the fishes than mosquito larvae showing the LC, value of Chinese muddy loaches at 24.145 pprn of Abate and 10.750ppm of Abate-S@. This fish species showed that the LCsos of Abate@ and Abate-S@ were 27.567 pprn and 14.775 ppm, respectively. In case of crucian carps, their LC, values were 7.914 pprn of Abate@ and 6.480 pprn of Abate-S@. Therefore, the maximum safe dosages of the insecticides to the fishes were 8 times as high as the values of LCg5 of the mosquito larvae. This study suggests that Abate@ and Abate-S@ demonstrated highly potential insecticides for further larger scale operational integrated control in some proper aquatic places if other aquatic invertebrates are also safe to the insecticides.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.87-100
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• 1995

Fauna of medically important arthropods in Chindo Island was studied in July 1994. Among eight speices of mosquitoes (Diptera : Culicidae), Culex tritenirohyunchus was predomiant (46.5% of the total0, and Anopheles sinensis the next. Seven specimens of the unidentified Culex sp. which seemed to be new were also collected. Total 23 species of non-biting midges(Diptera : Chiornomidae) were found in Chindo Is. Of them , Chironomus kiiensis was the predominant species (67.3%) , and Ch.flaviplumus the next (15.6%). Three species, Cladopelma viridula, Dicrotendipes septemmaculatus and Harnischia urtilamellata are reported for the first time in Korea, and they are fully re-described with illustrations. Among five species of biting midges (Diptera : Ceraopogenidae) collected, Culicoides punctatus was predominant (88.7%). A species of Foreipomia was also collected, and this genus is not recorded in Korean fauna. Only two species of domiciliary cockroaches, Periplaneta japonica and P.americana were collected in small numbers and Blatella germanica which is known as the most predominant speices in Korea was not found. The predominant speices of field rodents was Apodemus agrarius and thier ectoparasites were Leptotrombidium orientale (Acarina : Tromicibulidae), Lxodes nipponensis (Acarina : Ixodidae) ; Laelaps jettmani and Eulaelaps stabularis (Acarina : Laelapidae).

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.281-284
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• 1994

On .lune and .truly 1994, two cases of vivax wl,Blaria were consecutively diagnosed at the Yongsan Hospital, Chung-Ang University in Seoul. The first patient was a soldier sewing in western parts of the demilitarized zone (DMZ) while the second case was a resident of a village near DMZ. Neither patients had history of being abroad. Republic of Korea (ROK) has been free of malaria since the mid-1970s except for imported cases. The two ivfn malaria cases, together with an additional patient detected in 1993, occurred in relatively small areas near DMZ. This necessitated an epidemiologic surveillance. When medical records and blood smears in the areas were examined, no other cases were found. Of 7,723 mosquitoes collected by a black light trap for ho nights in June, 7,066 (91.5%) were Anopheles sinensis. In order to evaluate a significance of the recent malaria occurrence, a surveillance system should be operated in the areas.

• Entomological Research
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.439-447
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• 2018

Adult mosquito surveillance was conducted from 2013 through 2014 at four cattle sheds, a wild bird refuge, and two residential areas located in Gyeongnam Province in the Republic of Korea. Adult mosquitoes were collected in black light traps from April 1, through November 30. Mosquito surveillance was conducted to figure out population densities of vector mosquitoes, possibly invaded mosquitoes and identify various virus infections at the selected sites. A total of 107,466 females comprising 14 species and 7 genera were collected from 2013 to 2014. The most common species collected were Culex tritaeniorhynchus Giles (63.8%), Anopheles sinensis s.l. (18.9%), Aedes vexans nipponii (Theobald) (7.7%), and Culex pipiens Coquillett (5.1%). Trap indices (TIs) varied widely for species over their range, due to geographical distribution and degree of association with rural and urban communities. The most collected An. sinensiss.l. and Cx. tritaeniorhynchus appeared at a cow shed in Hapcheon (TI 347.5) and a pigsty in Daejeo-1-dong, Busan (TI 1,040.8), respectively, due in part to their situation near breeding sites such as rice paddies. The bi-weekly population densities for mosquito species were variable for each of the years, apparently as a result of variable annual weather conditions. None of the mosquito species collected tested for the flavivirus including Japanese Encephalitis Virus, West Nile Virus, Dengue Virus, and Zika Virus infections by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay were positive.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.305-312
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• 2012

This study was conducted to elucidate the seasonal prevalence of adult mosquitoes and occurrence of anopheline larvae in Gimpo, Gyeonggi province, Republic of Korea. Sampling of adult mosquitoes was carried out 18 times from May to September in 2008, using light traps at six sites. A total of 48,919 individuals belonging to 16 species and 8 genera were collected. Aedes vexans nipponii (43%) was the most frequently collected, followed by Anopheles sinensis (34%) and Culex tritaeniorhynchus (14%). The seasonal prevalence of anopheline mosquitoes had a different occurrence compared to that of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus. Anopheline larvae were collected using a standard dipper (size = of 350 ml) at eight habitat types of 203 point locations. Anopheline larvae were confirmed from 138 points (63%). The average larval population per dipper was highest in the lotus plantation (6.9 individuals), followed by irrigation channel (4.5 ind.), dropwort field (3.4 ind.), fallow field (3.1 ind.), paddy field (1.8 ind.), swamp (1.4 ind.), and stream (0.2 ind.). There was no significant relationship observed between larval density and DO, pH, salinity, or distance from blood meal hosts (cowshed, pigsty, chicken-house). In the results of average nearest neighbor analysis (ANNA), the distribution of whole points for mosquito larval collection was clustered, and points with over 4.0 larvae per dipper were randomly distributed. Within the study area Haseong-myeon, those points where over 3.0 larvae were collected were of a dispersed distribution.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.151-161
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• 1981

The field studies on the seasonal population prevalences of the vector mosquito larvae and other aquatic invertebrates were weekly carried out in the rice fields located in front of a village of Kwangtan-samri, Byeogje-myeon, Goyang-gun, Gyeonggido throughout mosquito breeding season (June-September) in 1980, and the results are as follows. The population of C. tritaeniorhynchus larvae increased soon after heavy rainfall, and decreased to some extent during the period of the insecticide application. The seasonal prevalence of A. sinensis was rather stable, not being affected by insecticide pressure at all. The population densities of other aquatic invertebrates in rice fields were seriously suppressed by the pesticide application, and their recovery was not as same as the previous level or not at all: (1) The populations of Odonata and Ephemeroptera nymphs were drastically decreased by the first application of insecticides and never recovered through out season. (2) Coleoptera seemed very susceptible to the insecticide application, as densities were markedly decreased whenever the insecticides were applied. (3) The high density of Hemiptera shown in early June were decreased sharply after the first application of pesticides, and thereasfter, some degree of recovery was shown, but suppressed by successive each application of pesticides. (4) A native species of planaria was exceptionally not influenced by the insecticide pressure, and two peaks of the density were appeared during the heavy rainfall.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.102-108
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• 1984

This paper is the result of adult female mosquito and larval collection in U.S. Army Installations in Korea from 1979 to 1983. New Jersey light traps were operated for adult collection from May to October. The primary concern of this surveillance is to determine when to recommend insecticide spraying for mosquito control in the Army areas. The 5th Preventive Medicine Unit have developed an "index" level of female mosquitoes in a light trap similar to other U.S. Army Agencies in other parts of the world. When 10 female mosquitoes are reached on two consecutive trap-night, or 5 known vector females are collected, fogging is recommended in the trap areas. 1. Mosquito collections were conducted in 12 U.S. Army areas by operating 39 New Jersey light traps. Mosquitoes collected from the areas were identified to be 17 species comprising 3 genera. Anopheles sinensis (40%), Culex tritaeniorhynchus (31%), Aedes vexans nipponii (19 %) and Culex pipiens pallens (10%) appeared to be the most common species in the areas. 2. The species, population density and monthly appearance of adult mosquitoes were found to be almost the same in the all provinces involved. And Japanese Encephalitis vector mosquitoes, Culex tritaeniorhynchus, showed their seasonal fluctuation from July to September with a peak in August each year. 3. Larval habitats confirmed in the Army areas were categorized into 16 types as shown in Table 3. The mosquito larvae collected in those habitats were identified to be 15 species representing 4 genera. Most breeding sites in the Army areas were those which are activated during the wet season. 4. More mosquitoes were collected from the Kyungki Province than from the other Provinces. The reason for more collection of mosquitoes from military installations in the Kyungki Province appears to be the geographic characteristics surrounded by rice fields, marshes and other stagnant water areas.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.19-26
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• 1995

Ecological studies of Aedes togoi, the vector of malayan filariasis, were ci,wind out at Tolsando, Yosu and Sokcho area in 1991. The adult population of Aedes togoi was continuously appeared from the first week of April to the end of November showing the highest density in .truly. The larvae of Aedes togoi were found at rock pools from March to December in Sokcho area and the density was highest in July and August, whereas in the southern coastal area (Yosu), the larvae were found throughout the year and the density was the highest in Tune. The rate of larvae inhabited below 0.5% salinity was 45.7% in Sokcho and 51.7% in Yosu. The feeding activity of Aedes togoi was nocturnal, with the peak period of 01 :00-03:00 hours. Indoor feeding activities were slightly higher than outdoors showing the biting ratio of 1 :0.8 (indoor: outdoor). The average number of Aedes togoi attracted to CO2 gas was 8.5 whereas 117 Anophelei sinensis was attracted. The result indicates that CO2 is not an effective attractant for host seeking of Aedes togoi compared to Anopheles sineteis. The most common place was bedroom with 54.5% of total collections and next to stock place (18.2%), floor(9.1%) and kitchen (9.1%).