• Wind and Structures
• /
• 제28권4호
• /
• pp.255-270
• /
• 2019

Aerodynamic configurations of bridge decks have significant effects on the aerostatic torsional divergence and flutter forsuper long-span bridges, which are onset for selection of suitable bridge decksfor those bridges. Based on a cable-stayed bridge with double main spans of 1500 m, considering typical twin-box, stiffening truss and closed-box section, which are the most commonly used form of bridge decks and assumed that the rigidity of those section is completely equivalent, are utilized to investigate the effects of aerodynamic configurations of bridge decks on aerodynamic instability performance comprised of the aerostatic torsional divergence and flutter, by means of wind tunnel tests and numerical calculations, including three-dimensional (3D) multimode flutter analysis and nonlinear aerostatic analysis. Regarding the aerostatic torsional divergence, the results obtained in this study show twin-box section is the best, closed-box section the second-best, and the stiffening truss section the worst. Regarding the flutter, the flutter stability of the twin-box section is far better than that of the stiffening truss and closed-box section. Furthermore, wind-resistance design depends on the torsional divergence for the twin-box and stiffening truss section. However, there are obvious competitive relationships between the aerostatic torsional divergence and flutter for the closed-box section. Flutter occur before aerostatic instability at initial attack angle of $+3^{\circ}$ and $0^{\circ}$, while the aerostatic torsional divergence occur before flutter at initial attack angle of $-3^{\circ}$. The twin-box section is the best in terms of both aerostatic and flutter stability among those bridge decks. Then mechanisms of aerostatic torsional divergence are revealed by tracking the cable forces synchronous with deformation of the bridge decksin the instability process. It was also found that the onset wind velocities of these bridge decks are very similar at attack angle of $-3^{\circ}$. This indicatesthat a stable triangular structure made up of the cable planes, the tower, and the bridge deck greatly improves the aerostatic stability of the structure, while the aerodynamic effects associated with the aerodynamic configurations of the bridge decks have little effects on the aerostatic stability at initial attack angle of $-3^{\circ}$. In addition, instability patterns of the bridge depend on both the initial attack angles and aerodynamic configurations of the bridge decks. This study is helpful in determining bridge decksfor super long-span bridges in future.

• 해양환경안전학회지
• /
• 제27권7호
• /
• pp.1059-1066
• /
• 2021

우리나라는 해상활동의 중요성이 크며, 산업화에 따른 이상기후 현상 등을 규명하기 위해 육상에 많은 자동기상 관측설비를 운영 중이지만 해상에서는 그 수가 매우 부족하다. 또한, 해양안전정보 구축 등을 위해 해양조사선을 운영 중이나 접근이 어려운 곳이 많고 높은 운영비용이 요구된다. 따라서 다양한 해양관측 등이 가능한 소형무인화선박의 개발이 필요하다. 한편 소형 무인화 선박에서 세일(Sail)은 항해 성능에 큰 영향을 미치므로 이에 대한 많은 연구가 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 기존 에어포일 형상보다 높은 공기역학적 성능을 갖는 것으로 알려진 트윈커브세일(Twin curvy sail)의 설계변수인 캠버(Camber)효과에 대해 검토하였다. 5 종류의 캠버에 대해 유동해석 결과, 캠버 크기가 9 %일 때 가장 높은 양력계수를 나타내었다. 트윈커브세일의 경우 Port sail과 Starboard sail의 상호작용에 의해 받음각 23°에서 가장 높은 양력계수를 갖고, Port sail의 경우 받음각 20°에서 가장 높은 양력계수를 Starboard sail의 경우 받음각 15°에서 가장 낮은 양력계수를 나타내었다. 또한, 트윈커브세일은 모든 받음각에서 에어포일 형상인 NACA 0018보다 높은 양력계수를 나타내었다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 1992년도 하계학술대회 논문집 B
• /
• pp.659-661
• /
• 1992

This paper deals with aerodynamic problems of the rotating blade of Darrieus wind turbine and its instantaneous torque. The instantaneous torque varying with the rotating angle of blade was obtained through resultant wind velocity, angle of attack, lift and drag coefficient. These are obtained from a given wing section, size and wind velocity.

• 한국항공우주학회지
• /
• 제30권7호
• /
• pp.105-112
• /
• 2002

높은 받음각 상태에 있는 연장된 앞전을 갖는 편요된 삼각날개 주위의 와류 유동 특성에 대하여 날개 윗면에서의 압력 측정을 통하여 연구하였다. 본 연구에서는 와류 유동의 물리적 현상, 특히 높은 받음각 상태에서 받음각과 옆미끄럼각이 날개 형상 주위의 공력 특성에 미치는 영향에 중점을 두었다. 실험 데이터로부터 LEX 와류가 날개와류에 유익한 효과를 부여함을 명확하게 알 수 있었다. 이는, 작은 옆미끄럼각 상태에서는 비교적 높은 받음각에 이르기까지 와류의 붕괴 없이 날개와류를 안정화시킴을 알 수 있다. 특정 범위의 받음각과 옆미끄럼각 상태에서는 롤링 모멘트가 역전되는 흥미로운 유동 현상을 관찰할 수 있었다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.530-541
• /
• 1998

Heat transfer augmentation in a rib-roughened duct is affected by the rib configurations, such as rib height, angle of attack, shape, rib to rib pitch, and aspect ratio of a duct. These have been the main subjects in studying the average heat transfer and the friction loss of the fully developed flow. Investigating distributions of local heat transfer coefficients and flow patterns in a duct with the rib turbulators is necessary to find the characteristics of heat transfer augmentation and to decide the optimal configurations of ribs. In the present study the numerical analyses and the mass transfer experiments are performed to understand the flow through a rib roughened duct and the heat transfer characteristics with various angles of attack of ribs. A pair of counter-rotating secondary flow in a duct has a main effect on the lateral distributions of local mass transfer coefficients. Downwash of the rotating secondary flow, reattachment of main flow between ribs and the vortices near ribs and wall enhanced the mass transfer locally up to 8 times of that in case of the duct without ribs.

• Wind and Structures
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.55-67
• /
• 2020

Wind tunnel test is one of the most important means to study the flutter performance of bridges, but there are blockage effects in flutter test due to the size limitation of the wind tunnel. On the other hand, the size of computational domain can be defined by users in the numerical simulation. This paper presents a study on blockage effects of a simplified box girder by computation fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation, the blockage effects on the aerodynamic characteristics and flutter performance of a long-span suspension bridge are studied. The results show that the aerodynamic coefficients and the absolute value of mean pressure coefficient increase with the increase of the blockage ratio. And the aerodynamic coefficients can be corrected by the mean wind speed in the plane of leading edge of model. At each angle of attack, the critical flutter wind speed decreases as the blockage ratio increases, but the difference is that bending-torsion coupled flutter and torsional flutter occur at lower and larger angles of attack respectively. Finally, the correction formula of critical wind speed at 0° angle of attack is given, which can provide reference for wind resistance design of streamlined box girders in practical engineering.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.28-35
• /
• 2013

Behavior of the side force generated at high angles of attack by two ogive-cylinder bodies of revolution with nose fineness ratio of 2.3 (B1) and 3.5 (B2) and the effect of a strip placed close the nose tip of each body (B1S and B2S) are analyzed through the wind tunnel test at ReD=200,000 and a=42~60 deg. The side force generated by B1 is increased by placing a strip. The side force generated by B2 is in the starboard direction and its magnitude is higher than that of the B1S. The effect of the strips with various dimensions placed on B2 is investigated. It is found that the 4-layer strip placed on the starboard reversed the direction of the side force into port direction. It is confirmed by numerical simulations that the strip promotes the flow separation and increases the average pressure on the side where it is placed and consequently produces the side force in the corresponding direction.

• Wind and Structures
• /
• 제32권4호
• /
• pp.293-308
• /
• 2021

For the past three decades a significant amount of research has been conducted on bridge flutter. Wind tunnel tests for a 2000 m class twin-box suspension bridge have revealed that a twin-box deck carrying 4 m tall 50% open area ratio wind screens at the deck edges achieved higher critical wind speeds for onset of flutter than a similar deck without wind screens. A result at odds with the well-known behavior for the mono-box deck. The wind tunnel tests also revealed that the critical flutter wind speed increased if the bridge deck assumed a nose-up twist relative to horizontal when exposed to high wind speeds - a phenomenon termed the "nose-up" effect. Static wind tunnel tests of this twin-box cross section revealed a positive moment coefficient at 0° angle of attack as well as a positive moment slope, ensuring that the elastically supported deck would always meet the mean wind flow at ever increasing mean angles of attack for increasing wind speeds. The aerodynamic action of the wind screens on the twin-box bridge girder is believed to create the observed nose-up aerodynamic moment at 0° angle of attack. The present paper reviews the findings of the wind tunnel tests with a view to gain physical insight into the "nose-up" effect and to establish a theoretical model based on numerical simulations allowing flutter predictions for the twin-box bridge girder.

• 한국항공우주학회지
• /
• 제36권9호
• /
• pp.835-840
• /
• 2008

단면상에 주름이 있는 잠자리 날개의 공기역학적 성능을 검토하기 위해 정지상태에 있는 2차원 비정상 수치해석을 수행하였다. 해석 조건으로서 레이놀즈수는 150과 1400, 10,000이며 받음각은 0도에서 40도까지 변화시켰다. 해석 결과 임계각 이상의 받음각에서는 주름에 의한 양력의 증가량은 거의 일정하게 유지되며 또한 날개 윗면의 주름은 양력의 증가에 거의 영향이 없음을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한기계학회논문집
• /
• 제14권5호
• /
• pp.1300-1310
• /
• 1990

본 연구에서는 양각과 레이놀즈수를 변화시켜 가면서 사각관 각 면에서의 국 소물질전닭계수를 측정하여, 유동의 정체, 가속, 박리, 재부착, 와류유출등의 복잡한 유동현상이 물질전달에 미치는 영향을 고찰하고자 한다. 한편 Igarashi의 열전달 측 정 결과와 비교하여 열전달과 물질전달의 유사성을 고찰하고, 복잡한 유동이나 3차원 유동영역에서의 열전달해석에 나프탈렌승화법을 이용한 물질전달실험의 응용 가능성을 검토하고자 한다.