• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.173-179
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• 2011

The principal objective of this study was to develop processed food with the effect of extract from Angelica gigas Nakai by assessing the quality characteristics of cookies. Cookie samples were prepared with shredded extract from Angelica gigas Nakai at varied levels of 0, 1, 3, and 5%. The pH of dough decreased significantly with the added extract from Angelica gigas Nakai and the density increased significantly in the 5% added group(p<0.05). The spread factor decreased significantly as the added extract from Angelica gigas Nakai increased(p<0.05). The Hunter color's L value in cookies significantly decreased and the a, b values in cookies increased(p<0.05). The hardness of cookies significantly increased added extract from Angelica gigas Nakai increased(p<0.05). The acid value and peroxide value were lower in added Angelica gigas Nakai extract groups than in the control group as the storage period of cookies passed. The results of sensory characteristics demonstrated that 1% added Angelica gigas Nakai extract showed the highest degree of preference among all the items of added Angelica gigas Nakai extract(color, odor, taste, hardness, crispness and overall quality) and the added Angelica gigas Nakai extract indicated possibilities for developments of Angelica gigas Nakai extract cookies.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.181-186
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• 2021

Antioxidant properties and antioxidant activities were analyzed for water extracts and 50% and 70% ethanol extracts of the leaf of Angelica gigas Nakai. The polyphenol and flavonoid contents in water, 50%, and 70% ethanol extract of the leaf of Angelica gigas Nakai, it was found that the polyphenol contents were 18.75 mg GAE/g, 28.95 mg GAE/g, and 34.73 mg GAE/g, respectively, and flavonoid contents were respectively. The DPPH IC50 scavenging activity was 45.84 mg/mL, 36.44 mg/mL, 19.11 mg/mL, respectively, and theABTS+ radical scavenging ability (1 mg/mL) was 28.73%, 22.79%, and 12.70%, respectively. Tyrosinase inhibitory activity, 70% ethanol extract, 50% ethanol extract, and water extract 33.14%, and 4.53%, respectively. Nitrite scavenging activity, 70% ethanol extract, 50% ethanol extract, and water extract were in the order of 1 mg/mL scavenging activity, 36.43%, 34.80%, and 18.85%, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.479-488
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• 2008

Some biological activities such as an electron donating capacity, the contents of total polyphenol compounds and flavonoids, fibrinolytic activity and $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibitory activity have been detected in hot water extracts of Ligularia fischeri and Angelica gigas Nakai. To increase the usefulness of the functional ingredients for prevention and improvement of some metabolic disorders, ethanol-treated hot water extracts of Angelica gigas Nakai were prepared. A hot water extract of Ligularia fischeri has 92% of electron donating capacity, 39.4 mg/g of total polyphenol compounds, 24.8 mg/g of flavonoids and 29.8% of $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibitory activity, but no fibrinolytic activity. A hot water extract of Angelica gigas Nakai has 94.7% of electron donating capacity, 5.8 mg/g of total polyphenol compounds, 2.6 mg/g of flavonoids, 0.48 plasmin units of fibrinolytic activity and no $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibitory activity. However, with partial purification using cold ethanol treatment, the $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibitory activity of Angelica gigas Nakai was increased to 70.5%. Thus, we expected a more useful effect with the use of the addition of a cold ethanol-treated Angelica gigas Nakai extract. The L, b values of cold buckwheat noodles using a mixture of 0$\sim$3% of Ligularia fischeri powder and 0.5% of an ethanol-treated hot water extract of Angelica gigas Nakai were decreased with the addition of an increasing amount of Ligularia fischeri powder. Among the mechanical qualities, only adhesiveness was significantly higher in 3% Ligularia fischeri noodles. From sensory evaluation data, it was determined that these two functional ingredients did not ruin the color, texture, and overall acceptance of the cold buckwheat noodles. A higher amount of the extracts improved the quality of the product with little added cost.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.274-280
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate the biological activities of cultivated Angelica gigas Nakai (CAG) and wild Angelica gigas Nakai (WAG) extracts prepared by extraction with water, 30% ethanol, 60% ethanol, or 90% ethanol. The electron donating ability of the WAG extracts was higher than that of the CAG extracts and 0.1% and 1.0% solutions of the comparative substance, L-ascorbic acid. The superoxide dismutase-like activity of the CAG extracts was higher than that of WAG extracts. Superoxide dismutase-like activity was highest (33.95%) in the CAG water extract. The total polyphenol content was highest in the 60% ethanol extracts of WAG. The nitrite scavenging ability of the CAG and WAG extracts was highest at a pH of 1.2. The tyrosinase inhibitory effect was highest (43.72%) in the water extract of WAG. The angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory activity was highest (83.84%) in the 60% ethanol extract of WAG. The results of the present study will be useful for understanding the antioxidant and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activities of Angelica gigas Nakai extracts.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.439-446
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of Angelica gigas Nakai on ulcerative colitis. Mice were divided into 5 groups: Control group, DSS group, 5-ASA group, 50mg/kg Angelica gigas Nakai group, 100mg/kg Angelica gigas Nakai group. Four groups, excluding the control group, were fed a 5% solution of dextran sulfate sodium(DSS) in water for 7days to induce ulcerative colitis. Each water extract was administrated orally for 7 days in 5-ASA group, 50mg/kg Angelica gigas Nakai group and 100mg/kg Angelica gigas Nakai group. 5 groups were evaluated by weight, length of intestine, weight of spleen, disease activity index(DAI), amount of cytokine IL-6 production, thickness of bowel wall and degree of inflammatory cell infiltration and intestinal tissue damage. Comparing to DSS group, 100 mg/kg Angelica gigas Nakai group showed significant suppressive effect of weight loss until 4th day of experiment while 50 mg/kg Angelica gigas Nakai group showed no significant effect of suppression. Decrease of intestinal length, enlargement of spleen, intestinal tissue damage and thickening of bowel wall were significantly suppressed in both 50 mg/kg and 100mg/kg Angelica gigas Nakai group. Also disease activity and cytokine IL-6 production were inhibited significantly. Based on this result, Angelica gigas Nakai seemed to have anti-inflammatory effect and also seemed to suppress histological changes and aggravation of ulcerative colitis.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.624-629
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• 1996

The ethanol extracts from Angelica gigas Nakai and Angelica acutiloba Kitagawa were fractionated to diethyl ether and aqueous partitions. Both partitions had strong antimutagenic effect on the MNNG (N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine) by Ames mutagenicity test. Diethyl ether fractions exhibited the greatest antimutagenic effect suppressing the mutagenicity of MNNG with inhibition of 78-80%. The ethanol extracts from both species showed the inhibitory effect on the growth of several human cancer cell lines. Especially, the diethyl ether fraction from ethanol extracts was most effective on human hepatocellular carcinoma cells, inhibiting 90-95% of cell growth. However, the aqueous fractions had least inhibition activity on many cancer cells. There was little cytotoxicity on human normal liver cell by ethanol extracts. Diethyl ether fraction from Angelica gigas Nakai ethanol extract had cytotoxicity less than 20% on human normal liver cells, compared with that from Angelica acutiloba Kitagawa ethanol exract. The adding of 0.5 (g/l) of diethyl ether fractions of Angelica gigas Nakai or Angelica acutiloba Kitagawa increased immune activity by enhacing human B and T cells up to three to four times. It was proven that diethyl ether fraction (0.7 g/1) from Angelica gigas Nakai could control blood pressure by suppressing angiotensin converting enzyme activity up to 98%. From TLC, it was appeared that both of diethyl ether partitions had umbelliferon, known to one of active substances from Angelica gigas Nakai and Angelica acutiloba Kitagawa.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.237-246
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• 2019

In this study, quality characteristics of yogurt supplemented with Angelica gigas Nakai leaf extract were examined. The pH of the yogurt ranged from 4.40 to 4.45 and the titratable acidity ranged from 0.96% to 0.98%. The viscosity tended to decrease with the addition of the Angelica gigas Nakai leaf extract, but did not affect stability during storage. In the range of 0.1% to 0.3%, lactic acid bacteria were present in the range of 1.9×10⁹ to 3.2×10⁹ CFU/mL. The decursin content in yogurt was quantitatively analyzed, depending on the addition of 0.1% to 0.3% of Angelica gigas Nakai leaf extract and was found to be 0.26 ㎍/g, 15.23 ㎍/g, and 23.57 ㎍/g respectively. Organic acid showed the highest generation of lactic acid. The antioxidant properties of yogurt were shown to increase with the addition of the Angelica gigas Nakai leaf extract. The sensory score of yogurt supplemented with 0.1% of the Angelica gigas Nakai leaf extract was highly valued, at a level similar to that of plain yogurt. Yogurt supplemented with 0.2% of the extract was rated above the normal score of 6.31 to 6.50. As shown by the results, the optimal concentration of Angelica gigas Nakai leaf extract for addition to yogurt was within 0.2%.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.5-17
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• 2011

Objectives : Gliosis becomes physical and mechanical barrier to axonal regeneration. Reactive gliosis induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion is involved with up-regulation of CD81 and GFAP (Glial fibrillary acidic protein). The current study is to examine the effect of the Angelica gigas Nakai(intravenous injection. 100 mg/kg twice in a day) on CD81 and GFAP of the rat in the brain after middle cerebral artery occlusion. Methods : Cerebral infarction was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion. And after intravenous injection of water extract of Angelica gigas Nakai, the size of cerebral infarction was measured. Examination of optical microscope were also used to detect the expression of CD81 and GFAP in the brain of the rat. Results : The following results were obtained : We found that size of cerebral infarcion induced by MCAO (Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion) in rats were decreased after intravenous injection of Angelica gigas Nakai. We injected the extract of Angelica gigas Nakai to the MCAO in rats, and the optical microscope study showed that Angelica gigas Nakai had effect on protecting the cells of hippocampus. We found that GFAP, CD81 and ERK of the brain in rats with cerebral infarction after MCAO were meaningfully decreased after intravenous injecting Angelica gigas Nakai. We found that c-Fos expression of the brain in rats with cerebral infarction after MCAO were significantly increased after intravenous injecting Angelica gigas Nakai. Conclusions : These results indicate that Angelica gigas Nakai could suppress the reactive gliosis, which disturbs the astrocyte regeneration in the brain of the rat with cerebral infarction after MCAO by controlling the expression of CD81 and GFAP. And the effect may be modulated by the up-regulation of c-Fos and ERK.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.23 no.11
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• pp.1336-1341
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to research the whitening effects of the extract from Angelica gigas Nakai, which is one of the most widely used herbal medicines in Asia. For whitening effects, the tyrosinase inhibition effect of the A. gigas Nakai extract was shown to be greater than 70% at 1,000 ${\mu}g/ml$ concentration. The result of measuring the cell toxicity effect of the extract from A. gigas Nakai on melanoma cells showed 99% toxicity at 500 ${\mu}g/ml$ concentration. The microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), tyrosinase related protein-1 (TRP-1), tyrosinase related protein-2 (TRP-2), and tyrosinase mRNA expression inhibitory effect by reverse transcription-PCR of the extract from A. gigas Nakai were decreased by 85.7%, 123.9%, 68.8%, and 208%, respectively, at 50 ${\mu}g/ml$ concentration. All these findings could verify that extract from A. gigas Nakai could have an effect on whitening. Moreover, extract from A. gigas Nakai has great potential as a cosmetic ingredient.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.254-261
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• 1996

A potent immuno-stimulating activity was detected from the watersoluble and ethanol-precipitated crude extract (AG-1) of the root of Angelica gigas Nakai. The crude extract was fractionated into two fractions, an acidic AG-2 and a neutral AG-3 fraction by DEAE-cellulose adsorption. The two fractions contained polysaccharides of which M.W. were 10 Kdal and >2,000 Kdal respectively, proteins, and various inorganic components. The immunostimulating activities of two fractions were not reduced by proteinase K, acid or alkali treatment. The polysaccharides obtained from the root of A. gigas were mainly composed of arabinose, galactose, and galacturonic acid. These results indicated that immuno- stimulating components of the root of A. gigas was a kind of pectic polysaccharides or arabinogalactans.