• 제목/요약/키워드: Analysis of whole blood

검색결과 228건 처리시간 0.029초

폐 Aspergillosis의 외과적 치료 (Surgical Treatment of Pulmonary Aspergillosis)

  • 고영상;김민호;김공수
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • 제26권9호
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    • pp.696-700
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    • 1993
  • Pulmonary aspergillosis is relatively rare disease, most commonly presenting pre-existing cavitary disease. This investigation is designed to illustrate the clinical features, preoperative diagnosis and surgical role in the management of this disease. In retrospective review of opeative cases since Jan. 1988, total 16 cases were analysis. Peak incidence of age lies in the 3rd & 5th decade[81.3%].The common presenting symptoms were hemoptysis & blood tinged sputum[90.9%] & all cases had a history of treatment with antituberculous drugs, but the tuberculosis was revealed in only 3 cases in the pathologic studies on specimen after resection. The locations of lesion were upper lobes in 13 cases, lower lobe in 2 cases, and left whole lobe in 1 case. The operative procedures for treatment of aspergillosis were performed. The lobectomy was performed in 7 cases, lobectomy & segmentectomy in 2 cases, lobectomy & decortication in 2 cases, segmentectomy in 3 cases, bilobectomy & segmentectomy in 1 case and pneumonectomy in 1 case. There was one death due to respiratory insufficiency 21 days later,postoperatively, and empyemas & residual space problems were developed in 2 & 3 cases,respectively. The empyemas were treated with open thoracostomy and the dead spaces was filled with granulation tissues within 6 months. During follow up, there was no recurrence. In conclusion, surgical resection is the treatment of choice for symptomatic aspergillosis and needed in asymptomatic patient to prevent possible fatal sequelae in the future.

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사이클로스포린을 함유한 고형 지질미립구의 제조와 평가 (Preparation and Evaluation of Solid lipid Microspheres Containing Cyclosporine A)

  • 양수근;박준상;최영욱
    • 약학회지
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    • 제39권5호
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    • pp.487-494
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    • 1995
  • Solid lipid microspheres (SLMs) were prepared using various lipids and solidifying agents, in order to enhance the gastrointestinal absorption of Cyclosporine A (Cs A) which is a practically water-insoluble drug with low systemic bioavailability. Egg lecithin and HCO-60 (polyoxyethylated 60 mol, hydrogenated castor oil) were used as lipids. Stearic acid and stearyl alcohol were used as solidifying agents. Emulsion concentrates containing Cs A were prepared by mixing the melted lipid and solidifying agent with water, employing bile salts as a cosurfactant. SLMs were obtained by dispersing the warm emulsion concentrate in cold distilled water under mechanical stirring, followed by freeze drying. Physical characteristics of each SLM were investigated by particle size analysis, optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Mean particle size of SLMs was in the range of 30 to 40.mu.m. The SLMs were in good appearance with spherical shape before freeze drying, but were deformed partially after freeze drying. Drug loading efficiencies of SLMs were observed as high as 80 to 90% in average. The systemic bioavailability of Cs A from different SLM formula was investigated in rats following oral administration. Cs A in whole blood was extracted and assayed by HPLC. SLMs revealed the higher bioavailabilities than the standard formula based on the marketed product. SLMs might have several advantages over standard formula for enhanced gastrointestinal absorption, controlled release properties, high loading capacity of the water-insoluble drug, and feasibility of solid dosage forms with better stability in storage.

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유색육용계의 성장과 혈액성상에 사료단백질 및 에너지가 미치는 영향 (Effect of Dietary Energy, Protein on Growth and Blood Composition of Cross Bred Chicks)

  • 정용대;류경선
    • 한국가금학회지
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    • 제35권3호
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    • pp.291-302
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    • 2008
  • 국내에서 사육되는 유색육용계 성장에 적합한 에너지와 단백질 수준을 구명하여 사료 급여 체계 확립에 필요한 기초자료를 제공하고자 두 차례의 사양 실험을 수행하였다. 공시동물은 유색육용계 1일령 암, 수컷 1,404수를 사용하였고, 펜당 26수씩 배치하였다. 사료내 에너지 수준은 사육전기 5주간 3,000, 3,100 kg/kcal이며, 단백질 함량은 $0{\sim}2$주에 20, 21, 22%를 급여하였으며, $3{\sim}5$주에 18, 19, 20, 21, 22%로 처리하였다. 조사 항목은 체중, 사료 섭취량을 측정하여 생산성을 계산하였으며, 실험 종료시 혈액을 채취하여 분석하였다. 실험 1 : $0{\sim}2$주간 사료 ME 함량 차이에 따른 생산 능력은 처리구간에 차이가 없으며 CP 함량 차이에 기인한 증체량과 사료 섭취량도 차이가 없었지만 사료 요구율은 CP 21, 22% 처리구에서 CP 20% 처리구에 비하여 통계적으로 개선되었다(P<0.05). 실험 개시후 $3{\sim}5$주간에 사료 ME 3,100 kcal/kg 처리구에서 ME 3,000 kcal/kg 처리구에 비하여 사료 요구율은 개선되었다(P<0.05). 이 기간에 사료내 CP 22% 처리구는 낮은 수준의 처리구보다 증체량이 유의하게 증가하였고(P<0.05) 사료 요구율은 CP가 높은 수준의 사료를 급여시에 낮은 수준의 CP 처리구에 비하여 개선되었지만 사료 섭취량은 처리구간에 차이가 없었다(P<0.05). 이 기간에 증체량과 사료 요구율은 ME와 CP간 상호 작용하였다(P<0.05). 전 실험기간 5주간에 사료 요구율은 ME 3,100 kcal/kg 처리구에서 ME 3,000 kcal/kg 처리구보다 개선되었으며, CP (20)18% 처리구는 다른 처리구에 비하여 높게 나타났다(P<0.05). 증폐량은 CP (22)22% 처리구에서 CP (21)21%, (20)18% 처리구보다 증가하였으며, ME와 CP간에 상호 작용은 증체량과 사료 요구율에서 나타났다(P<0.05). 혈중 알부민, 총콜레스레롤 함량은 ME 3,100 kcal/kg 처리구에서 ME 3,000 kcal/kg 처리구보다 증가하였지만 중성지방은 감소되었다(P<0.05). 한편 총콜레스테롤은 CP (22)21 처리구에서 CP (22)20, (20)18% 처리구에 비하여 증가하였다(P<0.05). 시험 2 : $0{\sim}2$주간 증체량은 ME 3,000 kcal/kg 처리구에 비하여 ME 3,100 kcal/kg 처리구에서 높게 나타났으며, CP 22% 처리구에서 CP 20% 처리구보다 유의하게 개선되었으며, CP과 ME는 상호 작용을 보였다(P<0.05). 사료 요구율은 CP 21, 22% 처리구에서 CP 20% 처리구보다 개선되었으나(P<0.05), $3{\sim}5$주 및 전체 사육 기간에 처리구간에 생산성은 차이가 없었다. 혈액 성상도 처리구간에 차이를 나타내지 않지만 ME와 CP 처리구간 총콜레스테롤 함량에 대한 상호 작용은 <.0001 수준에서 인정되었다. 따라서 교잡육용계 생리에 적합한 사료내 단백질 수준은 $0{\sim}2$주령에 22% 또는 그 이상의 수준으로 급여하고, $3{\sim}5$주의 단백질 수준은 21, 20% 수준으로 급여가 생산성의 극대화에 효과적일 것으로 생각되며, 사료내 에너지는 부분적으로 처리구간에 생산에 차이를 보였지만 일관성이 없었으므로 에너지 수준을 세분화하여 급여하는 추후의 시험이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

태음조위탕의 적용이 태음인 비만여대생의 신체조성, 혈청지질농도 및 혈중 항산화 효소에 미치는 효과 (Effect of Taeeumjoweetang on the Body Composition, Serum Lipid Level and Antioxidant Enzyme Activity of Obese Female College Students)

  • 김혜주;안홍석;오은하;김영록
    • 사상체질의학회지
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    • 제23권3호
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    • pp.391-401
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    • 2011
  • 1. Objectives: Though the eating habits have improved and the living method has become convenient according to the economic growth thanks to the modern industrialization, because of the lack of exercise, obesity, wrong eating habits and stress etc, various symptoms of disease of adults are on the rise. This is the phenomenon that happens as the eating life has become life in the West along with the inundation of the western culture in our society. In this perspective, there has been many various clinical research that's been proceeded so far about the physical constitution and obesity, but there has been little research on the objective analysis of the clinical research about the alimentotherapy using taeeumjoweetang. 2. Methods: In this research we have checked the weights, fat rates, fat weight, abdominal fat rate, blood pressure, and BMI over the objects of the women that were diagnosed as lunisolar system as their physical constitution, and assessed the paramecium lipid, in-blood antioxidation enzyme and the damage of oxidization in the urine by physical constitution-specific of the body shapes that were determined by BMI. The statistical analysis of the current research was processed by using of SPSS 17.0 program. We have figure out statistical amounts such as the arithmetic average, average deviation rate and percentage number. Fro the verification of he significancy of each elements, we have used the paired t-test, ANOVA, Chi-square test at the level of p<0.05. 3. Results and Conclusions: Their characteristics are age $21.20{\pm}1.35$, height $160.30{\pm}6.11cm$, weight $64.66{\pm}8.72kg$, fat rates are $35.97{\pm}4.87%$, fat amount $23.40{\pm}5.48$, abdominal fat rate $0.823{\pm}0.03$, BMI $25.12{\pm}2.79kg/m^2$, and systolic blood pressure $111.60{\pm}10.28mmHg$ and diastolic blood pressure $68.60{\pm}7.43mmHg$ and we have let them take the medicine twice a day for 8 weeks. The clinical result for the Cholesterol, Triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, SGOT, SGPT, of the object people was that for the function of the liver, the result of the SGOT and SGPT test was $17.16{\pm}3.05$, $15.00{\pm}2.99IU/L$, which was a decrease, and had statistical meaning, but for the SGOT, though the figure reduced to $11.92{\pm}4.61$, $10.80{\pm}3.07$, it had no statistical meaning. For the whole cholesterol level, the figure reduced to $169.00{\pm}19.95$, $160.08{\pm}22.52$ mg/dL and had statistical significance(p<0.05). Neuter fat number, Triglyceride has slightly increased to $67.52{\pm}36.32$, $68.08{\pm}47.33$ mg/dL but did not have any statistical meaning. The antioxdant enzyme marker standard marker, SOD has increased to $2.52{\pm}0.73$, $2.86{\pm}0.60U/ml$, and had statistical significance(p<0.01). Catalase also increased by $0.63{\pm}0.18$, $1.07{\pm}0.25mmol/ml$ and had statistical meaning(p<0.01). GPx also increased to $204.76{\pm}32.64$ nmol/ml and had statistical meaning(p<0.01). But, for the Total antioxidant, though it has raised to $1.51{\pm}0.26$, $1.57{\pm}0.17nmol/{\mu}l$, it did not have any statistical meaning. MDA of oxidative stress marker has decreased to $1.70{\pm}0.68{\mu}g/ml$, $1.21{\pm}0.50{\mu}g/m$ and had statistical significance(p<0.01). 8-OHdG also decreased $3.35{\pm}0.95ng/ml$, $2.21{\pm}0.50ng/ml$ and had statistical meaning(p<0.01). In this research, we have analyzed the various markers relating to BFM and changes in oxidative enzyme in blood by takingtaeeumjoweetang. Taeeumjoweetang has the positive effect on inbody antioxidant system and reducing the content of cholesterol, which is proven to help losing weight and improving hyperlipidemia statistically. With this research, we hope to improve the lifestyle of those who are either obese or need to manage their dietary habits, and also to become the touchstone of integrating Oriental Medicine with the science of food & nutrition.

말의 열충격 단백질(heat shock proteins)의 특성 구명과 운동 후 유전자의 발현 분석 (Identification of Equine Heat Shock Proteins Gene and Their mRNA Expression Analysis after Exercise)

  • 조현우;박정웅;최재영;시바 쿠마르;김남영;신택순;조성근;김병우;조병욱
    • 생명과학회지
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    • 제24권2호
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    • pp.105-111
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    • 2014
  • 본 연구의 목적은 말의 열충격 단백질 유전자의 특성을 구명하고 말의 각 조직과 운동 전과 후 혈액에서 열충격 단백질 유전자의 발현량을 분석함에 있다. 이전의 연구를 통해, 대표적인 경주마인 더러브렛의 혈액과 골격근에서 운동 전, 후 RNA-sequencing을 통해 차등발현유전자 분석을 실시하고, 본 연구를 위해 운동 전과 후에 차등 발현된 유전자 중, 열충격 단백질 유전자(HspH1, Hsp90${\alpha}$, Hsp70)를 선택하였다. 세 개의 열충격 단백질 유전자는 각각의 혈액이나 근육에서 운동 전에 비해 후에 발현이 증가된 것으로 확인됐다. 본 연구팀은 선정된 유전자에 대한 검증과 분석을 위해, 말의 조직별 RT-PCR 분석과 운동시간별 백혈구에서 real time qPCR 분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과 말의 각 조직(갑상선, 결장, 골격근, 맹장, 신장, 심장, 척수, 폐)에서 세 개의 열충격 단백질 유전자 mRNA가 모두 존재함을 알 수 있었다. 또한, 말의 운동 시간 별 혈액에서 mRNA를 추출하여 열충격 단백질의 운동 시간에 따른 발현 양상 분석을 실시한 결과, 운동 전에 비해 운동 120분 후 열충격 단백질 유전자의 발현량이 증가함을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과는 인간과 다른 동물 실험의 결과와 일치하며, 열충격 단백질 유전자 전사 조절기작이 종간에 보존이 되어왔음을 시사한다. 또한, 운동에 따른 열충격 단백질 유전자의 발현 양상과 운동 수행 및 회복 기작간의 상관관계에 대한 추가적인 연구가 필요함을 제안하는 바이다.

Evaluation of Luminescent P450 Analysis for Directed Evolution of Human CYP4A11

  • Choi, Seunghye;Han, Songhee;Lee, Hwayoun;Chun, Young-Jin;Kim, Donghak
    • Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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    • 제21권6호
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    • pp.487-492
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    • 2013
  • Cytochrome P450 4A11 (CYP4A11) is a fatty acid hydroxylase enzyme expressed in human liver. It catalyzes not only the hydroxylation of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, but the conversion of arachidonic acid to 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE), a regulator of blood pressure. In this study, we performed a directed evolution analysis of CYP4A11 using the luminogenic assay system. A random mutant library of CYP4A11, in which mutations were made throughout the entire coding region, was screened with luciferase activity to detect the demethylation of luciferin-4A (2-[6-methoxyquinolin-2-yl]-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylic acid) of CYP4A11 mutants in Escherichia coli. Consecutive rounds of random mutagenesis and screening yielded three improved CYP4A11 mutants, CP2600 (A24T/T263A), CP2601 (T263A), and CP2616 (A24T/T263A/V430E) with ~3-fold increase in whole cells and >10-fold increase in purified proteins on the luminescence assay. However, the steady state kinetic analysis for lauric acid hydroxylation showed the significant reductions in enzymatic activities in all three mutants. A mutant, CP2600, showed a 51% decrease in catalytic efficiency ($k_{cat}/K_m$) for lauric acid hydroxylation mainly due to an increase in $K_m$. CP2601 and CP2616 showed much greater reductions (>75%) in the catalytic efficiency due to both a decrease in $k_{cat}$ and an increase in Km. These decreased catalytic activities of CP2601 and CP2616 can be partially attributed to the changes in substrate affinities. These results suggest that the enzymatic activities of CYP4A11 mutants selected from directed evolution using a luminogenic P450 substrate may not demonstrate a direct correlation with the hydroxylation activities of lauric acid.

Whole-genome resequencing reveals domestication and signatures of selection in Ujimqin, Sunit, and Wu Ranke Mongolian sheep breeds

  • Wang, Hanning;Zhong, Liang;Dong, Yanbing;Meng, Lingbo;Ji, Cheng;Luo, Hui;Fu, Mengrong;Qi, Zhi;Mi, Lan
    • Animal Bioscience
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    • 제35권9호
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    • pp.1303-1313
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    • 2022
  • Objective: The current study aimed to perform whole-genome resequencing of Chinese indigenous Mongolian sheep breeds including Ujimqin, Sunit, and Wu Ranke sheep breeds (UJMQ, SNT, WRK) and deeply analyze genetic variation, population structure, domestication, and selection for domestication traits among these Mongolian sheep breeds. Methods: Blood samples were collected from a total of 60 individuals comprising 20 WRK, 20 UJMQ, and 20 SNT. For genome sequencing, about 1.5 ㎍ of genomic DNA was used for library construction with an insert size of about 350 bp. Pair-end sequencing were performed on Illumina NovaSeq platform, with the read length of 150 bp at each end. We then investigated the domestication and signatures of selection in these sheep breeds. Results: According to the population and demographic analyses, WRK and SNT populations were very similar, which were different from UJMQ populations. Genome wide association study identified 468 and 779 significant loci from SNT vs UJMQ, and UJMQ vs WRK, respectively. However, only 3 loci were identified from SNT vs WRK. Genomic comparison and selective sweep analysis among these sheep breeds suggested that genes associated with regulation of secretion, metabolic pathways including estrogen metabolism and amino acid metabolism, and neuron development have undergone strong selection during domestication. Conclusion: Our findings will facilitate the understanding of Chinese indigenous Mongolian sheep breeds domestication and selection for complex traits and provide a valuable genomic resource for future studies of sheep and other domestic animal breeding.

Single nucleotide polymorphism-based analysis of the genetic structure of Liangshan pig population

  • Liu, Bin;Shen, Linyuan;Guo, Zhixian;Gan, Mailing;Chen, Ying;Yang, Runling;Niu, Lili;Jiang, Dongmei;Zhong, Zhijun;Li, Xuewei;Zhang, Shunhua;Zhu, Li
    • Animal Bioscience
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    • 제34권7호
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    • pp.1105-1115
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    • 2021
  • Objective: To conserve and utilize the genetic resources of a traditional Chinese indigenous pig breed, Liangshan pig, we assessed the genetic diversity, genetic structure, and genetic distance in this study. Methods: We used 50K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip for SNP detection of 139 individuals in the Liangshan Pig Conservation Farm. Results: The genetically closed conserved population consisted of five overlapping generations, and the total effective content of the population (Ne) was 15. The whole population was divided into five boar families and one non-boar family. Among them, the effective size of each generation subpopulation continuously decreased. However, the proportion of polymorphic markers (PN) first decreased and then increased. The average genetic distance of these 139 Liangshan pigs was 0.2823±0.0259, and the average genetic distance of the 14 boars was 0.2723±0.0384. Thus, it can be deduced that the genetic distance changed from generation to generation. In the conserved population, 983 runs of homozygosity (ROH) were detected, and the majority of ROH (80%) were within 100 Mb. The inbreeding coefficient calculated based on ROH showed an average value of 0.026 for the whole population. In addition, the inbreeding coefficient of each generation subpopulation initially increased and then decreased. In the pedigree of the whole conserved population, the error rate of paternal information was more than 11.35% while the maternal information was more than 2.13%. Conclusion: This molecular study of the population genetic structure of Liangshan pig showed loss of genetic diversity during the closed cross-generation reproduction process. It is necessary to improve the mating plan or introduce new outside blood to ensure long-term preservation of Liangshan pig.

배합사료의 수침과 공급량이 넙치(Paralichthys olivaceus)의 성장, 혈액 및 조직 성상에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Feeding Rate and Pellet Water-Soaking on Growth, Blood Components, and Histology of Olive Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus)

  • 김강웅;김성삼;김재원;손맹현;김경덕;배승철;이경준
    • 한국수산과학회지
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    • 제44권5호
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    • pp.490-498
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    • 2011
  • Two consecutive feeding trials investigated the effects of feeding rate and pellet expansion by water-soaking on the growth performance, blood components and histology of olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. The first two experiments were carried out to determine the effects of pellet expansion and feeding rate. In the first experiment, growth performance, feed utilization and survival of fish were not significantly affected by pellet expansion for six weeks. There were no significant differences in hematocrit, hemoglobin, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, glucose and total protein of fish fed the expanded pellet. However, whole-body lipid content of fish in the non-expanded group was significantly higher than that in the expanded group. Histological analysis of the anterior intestine revealed that fish in the expanded group had shorter and smaller mucous folds. These results indicate that pellet expansion had no beneficial effect in terms of growth performance, feed utilization and fish health. In the second experiment, weight gain and feed efficiency were significantly increased as feeding rate increased from 0 to 2.5% body weight per day (BW/d), but there were no significant differences in weight gain or feeding efficiency in fish fed the expanded pellet at ratios of 2.5% BW/d and satiation for three weeks. Plasma aspartate aminotransferase activity of fish fed the expanded pellet at a ratio of 2.5% was significantly lower than that of starved fish. Histological analysis of the anterior intestine revealed that fish in the 0% group had shorter mucous folds. Broken-line regression analysis suggested that the optimum juvenile olive flounder feeding rate was 3.5% BW/d during the low temperature season ($16-17^{\circ}C$).

10년간 우리나라 운항승무원의 혈중 지질과 관련요인 분석 (10-Year Analysis of Blood Lipid Profile and Other Risk Factors Among Aircrew Members in Korea)

  • 곽인호;이용호
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • 제26권3호
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    • pp.387-399
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    • 1993
  • This study was conducted to analyze blood lipid profile and other risk factors among crew members who are currently active and had more than 10 years of experience as crew members. Data was analyzed using medical record files in an airline medical department. The results are as follows. 1. The total number of crew members studied was 392. Among age groups, those below age 40 consisted of 26(6.9% of the total), those in age $41{\sim}50$ were 135 (34.4%) and those over age 51 were 230 (58.7%). 263 were former air force pilots consisting 66.9%. Those who had captain status numbered 21 I comprising 53.7% of the total. The type of aircraft most of the crew members involved were large size aircraft which totaled 268 (68.2%). With respect to the number of working years as crew members, 488(48.9%) comprised the largest group with $11{\sim}15$ years. 2. The rate of smoking among crew members has shown gradual decrease with 50.3% smoking in 1983 to 33.6% in 1993. Among $41{\sim}50$ age group the rate has shown a decrease from 20.9% to 13.3% In those group over age 51 it decreased from 25.5% to 16.6%. But group below age 40 were within the range of 3.6~3.8% with no significant change in the rate of smoking. 3. Body Mass Index in age group over 51 was slightly higher than other age groups. On the whole, BMI over 25 was not found. 4. The total cholesterol levels of those below age 40 were $196.9{\pm}38.5mg/dl,\;216.2{\pm}39.2mg/dl$ in ages $41{\sim}50$, and $225.1{\pm}42.5mg/dl$ in age group over 51. No significant difference was found among age groups. 5. HDL-cholesterol levels of over age 50 were higher than other age group and ranged from $40{\sim}55mg/dl$. 6. LDL-cholesterol levels of those over 51 were $126.7{\pm}37.7mg/dl$ higher than other age groups. But there were no significant changes in all age during 10 years of follow up. 7. Cardiac index of age group below age 40 was 3.8, 4.3 in age group $41{\sim}50$ and 4.5 in those over age 51 group. No significant changes among groups were found during the follow up period. 8. Triglyceride levels of age group below age 40 was $142.2{\pm}70.1,\;167.3{\pm}77.5$ in age group of $41{\sim}50$ and $113.6{\pm}897$ in age group over 50 showing that triglyceride levels increased with age. No significant changes in pattern were noted.

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