• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.115-122
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• 2016

This paper proposes a system to detect driver's cognitive state by internal and external information of vehicle. The proposed system can measure driver's eye gaze. This is done by concept of information delivery and mutual information measure. For this study, we set up two web-cameras at vehicles to obtain visual information of the driver and front of the vehicle. We propose Gestalt principle based selective attention model to define information quantity of road scene. The saliency map based on gestalt principle is prominently represented by stimulus such as traffic signals. The proposed system assumes driver's cognitive resource allocation on the front scene by gaze analysis and head pose direction information. Then we use several feature algorithms for detecting driver's characteristics in real time. Modified census transform (MCT) based Adaboost is used to detect driver's face and its component whereas POSIT algorithms are used for eye detection and 3D head pose estimation. Experimental results show that the proposed system works well in real environment and confirm its usability.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.375-384
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to identify the level and correlation of subjective health status, attitude toward death and spiritual well-being of nurses. The subjects were 338 nurses in two university general hospitals located in Seoul and Gyeonggi area. Data were collected using a structuralize questionnaires regarding subjective health status, attitude toward death and spiritual well-being from March to May in 2013. Data were processed with SAS for Windows statistics program. For analysis, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation coefficients were performed. Nurses had negative attitudes toward death according to age, marital status, years of employment and job title, while spiritual well-being was different according to age, marital status, religion, education, years of engagement in clinical works, department, and job title. The higher subjective health of nurses was, the more positive their attitudes toward death were. The higher subjective heath of nurses was and the more positive their attitudes toward death were, the higher their spiritual well-being was. This study identified the relationship between the attitudes toward death and spiritual well-being and the health status subjectively recognised by nurses, and it is meaningful in that this study prepared basic data for development of an education program for spiritual nursing care or terminal care.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.40
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• pp.249-286
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• 2007

This study examines the main characteristics and differences on people's page in selected four national dailies, such as Chosun Ilbo, Joongang Ilbo, Seoul Shinmum and Hankyoreh Shinmun. Both Chosun Ilbo and Joongang Ilbo are categorized as the conservatives; while Seoul Shinmum and Hankyoreh Shinmun as the progressive. This study has been done by applying methods of content analysis to reveal the differences in terms of people's occupations, types of reports, their philosophies, and standards of selecting people by the dailies for the people's pages. The results shows that the conservative newspapers are very similar to the progressive newspapers in terms of occupations and the types of reports, covering the people on people's pages. More specifically, both the conservative dailies and the progressive dailies report the people for whose jobs are related to both social and cultural works. However, the conservative newspapers have much more coverages than the progressive papers in terms of the publicity reporting on the people. The conservatives are also much more reports on the people who are eager to economic success than the progressive dailies; while the progressives papers have much coverages on those who are interesting in helping others than the conservatives papers. Finally, this study reveals that the conservative dailies mainly cover those who are in publicity activities and social elite groups, while the progressive newspapers are the social celebrities and persons of fame in society.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.7485-7493
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• 2015

With the popularity of Korean Wave, making cultural goods specific for Hallyu tourists is getting more important. However, there are mainly daily life goods using celebrity character-based ones. Remarkably, there are only a few cultural goods especially in practicality-based clothing category. In particular, few cultural goods related to children's wear have been developed. Therefore, if children's wear is developed as Korean Wave cultural goods considering Chinese consumers' pattern and Korean Wave cultural goods, it will be helpful for revitalizing the Korean Wave and Korea's fashion market. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to develop children's wear design as Korean Wave cultural goods, thereby presenting empirical research results and fulfilling its following objectives: First, it is to identify the concept of Korean Wave cultural goods, to analyze the current status to finally establish data to develop Korean Wave cultural goods needed at this time. Second, it is to make real-life size works through development of designs to provide the empirical data for Korean Wave cultural goods market. For the research method and contents the review of the previous research, in-depth interview for qualitative research, and empirical research using market research and development of work were performed. Through the final research outcomes, Korean Wave cultural goods, the children's wear that can meet the consumer's needs were presented as empirical data. The study can be used as basic data for domestic fashion market and cultural product market and it is meaningful as a reference for the analysis on the Chinese consumers' needs.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.397-407
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• 2017

To estimate the structural seismic demand, some methods are based on an equivalent linear system such as the Capacity Spectrum Method, the N2 method and the Equivalent Linearization method. Another category, widely investigated, is based on displacement correction such as the Displacement Coefficient Method and the Coefficient Method. Its basic concept consists in converting the elastic linear displacement of an equivalent Single Degree of Freedom system (SDOF) into a corresponding inelastic displacement. It relies on adequate modifying or reduction coefficient such as the inelastic deformation ratio which is usually developed for systems with known ductility factors ($C_{\mu}$) and ($C_R$) for known yield-strength reduction factor. The present paper proposes a rational approach which estimates this inelastic deformation ratio for SDOF bilinear systems by rigorous nonlinear analysis. It proposes a new inelastic deformation ratio which unifies and combines both $C_{\mu}$ and $C_R$ effects. It is defined by the ratio between the inelastic and elastic maximum lateral displacement demands. Three options are investigated in order to express the inelastic response spectra in terms of: ductility demand, yield strength reduction factor, and inelastic deformation ratio which depends on the period, the post-to-preyield stiffness ratio, the yield strength and the peak ground acceleration. This new inelastic deformation ratio ($C_{\eta}$) is describes the response spectra and is related to the capacity curve (pushover curve): normalized yield strength coefficient (${\eta}$), post-to-preyield stiffness ratio (${\alpha}$), natural period (T), peak ductility factor (${\mu}$), and the yield strength reduction factor ($R_y$). For illustrative purposes, instantaneous ductility demand and yield strength reduction factor for a SDOF system subject to various recorded motions (El-Centro 1940 (N/S), Boumerdes: Algeria 2003). The method accuracy is investigated and compared to classical formulations, for various hysteretic models and values of the normalized yield strength coefficient (${\eta}$), post-to-preyield stiffness ratio (${\alpha}$), and natural period (T). Though the ductility demand and yield strength reduction factor differ greatly for some given T and ${\eta}$ ranges, they remain take close when ${\eta}>1$, whereas they are equal to 1 for periods $T{\geq}1s$.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.305-314
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• 2011

Imnam Dam construction and inter-basin water transfer use by North Korea have caused several problems including water resources management aspects in the downstream reach of North Han River. Therefore, cooperative works between North and South Korea are required to make a reasonable management situation of the shared river for water quantity and quality. However, efforts by the North and the South has done not enough to achieve equitable water use in the shared river. This study analyzes main impacts caused by Imnam Dam in key sectors for reviewing water use right regarded as the most important decision-making criterion in international rivers. As the results, water deficit by Imnam Dam is calculated at 379 million $m^3$/year when river drought year for water assessment is set in 1978 in the Han River basin. Additionally hydropower production is decreased by 234 GWh/year in exclusive hydropower generation dams. In respective of water quality, BOD concentration is increased by 0.065 ppm at Sambongli in North Han River. Finally it is identified that unequitable water use based on the absolute territorial sovereignty by North Korea in North Han River has directly and indirectly affected severe impacts to South Korea as the downstream user.

• Archives of design research
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• v.19 no.5 s.67
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• pp.313-322
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• 2006

Among many modelling factors which consist of a screen, a form brings a child's psychological response, according to its being drawn and expressed shape, and would be defined as a visual descriptive method which transmits the relation between the subject and background by a story content and the circumstance and emotion of characters in the story. In this study, to analyze how an expressed form on a screen works to a child visually and psychologically, I, first have examined how differently a child's perception development and its experience to the form is come out by the age of a child, and have found that it influences on a child's originality and creativity development, visual and psychological thinking development, and the stimulation on dream and imagination. And I have examined each characteristic by discriminating the expressive style of the form into a reproductive, a simplified, an exaggerated and a distorted form expression, and by utilizing it as substantiative data through the 1st and 2nd stage, have analyzed responses and preferences according to a style of a child's expression form. In conclusion, I have considered that the analysis result through the substantiative study would be a help not only to the form expression which is based on an illustrator's personality and creativity, and also would be utilized in the effective expression method study and experiment of students who learns the illustration.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.48
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• pp.69-84
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• 2017

In order to display various art works such as media art in a multi-display environment, it is necessary to consider contents arrangement. The advantage of having a 1: N or N: N layout instead of a 1: 1 or N: 1 layout between display and content, but a more complex scheme of how to do spatial and temporal layout in multi-display Is required. In order to distribute contents, existing media server solution or programming-based multimedia production software is used. However, it takes much time to rearrange or modify the contents, and it is not easy to modify the contents. Therefore, It is difficult to place content in the environment. In order to solve this problem, various approaches are needed from research on content placement method to development of content placement software that improves the existing method. However, analysis on systematic content placement type supporting it, or interface There is also no access to. In this study, we have summarized the requirements for designing the interface for each type with the aim of making it possible to utilize previously analyzed content layout types in various display activities such as media art in multi - display environment. The requirements of each type of interface were derived based on spatial arrangement and temporal layout type which are most distinguished when content is placed. The contents of the interface requirements are summarized as follows: We expect to be a cornerstone for system development.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.351-357
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• 2011

The $^{18}F$-FDG is one of the widely used isotopes for PET/CT scans. Dose amount injected to the patient depends on the characteristics of PET/CT systems. Obviously, the technologists who contact with patients would be exposed as well. In this study, we evaluated the exposed dose of the technologist who works on the PET/CT scanner. The exposed dose were measured every month with the TLDs from 6 technologists. Each technologist is shift-worker who manages 3 different PET/CT systems(Scanner 1(S1): 0.15 mCi/kg, Scanner 2(S2): 0.17 mCi/kg, Scanner 3(S3): 0.12 mCi/kg). The average exposed doses of technologists for each PET/CT system were measured as 0.76 mSv for S1, 0.93 mSv for S2 and 0.47 mSv for S3. The maximum dose was 1.12 mSv and minimum was 0.42 mSv. The results showed that there was a correlation between exposed dose and PET/CT system(p<0.005). Less injected dose for patient occurs less exposed dose for technologist. Various studies for the low dose PET/CT system are required for not only the patient but also the technologist.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.256-261
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• 2008

The curtain-wall work has been more frequently applied in the construction industry since demand of high-rise buildings has been increased. The curtain-wall work is usually performed with the frame work simultaneously for reducing construction period, but it might be delayed because of several problems caused by interference of process. However, there is not an appropriate tool which can be used by a work manager for adjusting quantity of the construction equipments or the workers when the curtain-wall work was delayed. To resolve this problem a construction simulation anticipating and analyzing potential problems before starting the work can be applied in the curtain wall work. This research suggests a general model for the curtain-wall work by using construction simulation and produces a combination of construction equipments and workers which can estimate optimum work productivity.