• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.57-58
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• 2023

The working time for loading and transporting containers in the container terminal is one of the factors directly related to port productivity, and minimizing working time for these operations can maximize port productivity. Among working time for container operations, the working time of yard tractors(Y/T) responsible for the transportation of containers between berth and yard is a significant portion. However, it is difficult to estimate the working time of yard tractors quantitatively, although it is possible to estimate it based on the practical experience of terminal operators. Recently, a technology based on IoT(Internet of Things), one of the core technologies of the 4th industrial revolution, is being studied to monitoring and tracking logistics resources within the port in real-time and calculate working time, but it is challenging to commercialize this technology at the actual port site. Therefore, this study aims to develop yard tractor working time prediction model to enhance the operational efficiency of the container terminal. To develop the prediction model, we analyze actual port operation data to identify factors that affect the yard tractor's works and predict its working time accordingly.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.94-102
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• 2014

This study analyzes necessity of expanding construction insurance and estimates required budget. Construction insurance is obliged by National Contract Law and Local Contract Law to protect projet owners and contractors from any unexpected construction risk such as financial losses in construction process. Currently the contracts of design-build and alternate-bid projects as well as PQ project, which are greater than 20 billion won, require the contractors to provide construction insurances in Korea. Insurance premiums are borne by the public project owner. Those contractors whose contract volume is less than 20 billion won burden all risks of projects at their cost. This causes equity problem. Because small-and-medium contractors are discriminated against large contractors since insurance-obliged projects are performed by large contractors and insurance premiums are borne by the public project owner. On the other hands, in all engineering projects, regardless of volume, insurance premiums are borne by the project owner. Therefore current regulation has to be improved, by expanding to all public projects. The average ratio of unobliged projects is 46%, in recent 3 years, prime cost of insurance companies is estimated 0.2%. Moreover considering risks of each construction type, prime cost of unobliged works is estimated as 0.13%. Hence additional necessary budget is estimated to be 2.09 billion won if total volume of public work is 3.5 trillion won. And 2.39 billion won is derived if total volume of public projects is 4 trillion won.

• Archives of design research
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.57-66
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• 2000

The Korea's automotive industry have been achieved a remarkable growth with various original models since the first original model ‘Pony’for the 25years. Most of the design works were depended upon the designers of the other countries on the early times, but now the design work gets to have the independency with our own technology and the automobile is now one of the major exporting goods of Korea to other countries. The basic design concept of the body shape can be considered into four types, and they have their own characteristics. The period of time for the original model developement of the Korean auto makers can be thought as four periods ; introducing period, settling period, developing period and matured period are them. The models that developed on each period reflects the characteristics of the times with designers, technology and market conditions. The basic design concepts of the Korean car body show the variety but the concepts have been intergrated into the two types as the time gose by. This tendency would comes form mainly technology, but the consumers characteristics of the market would also influence as much as the technological reason. It would become more important on developing the original model with the autonomy in design concept of the body through grasping the change of formal characteristics clearly on an automobile in the future.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.277-295
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• 2003

The purpose of this paper is to identify woodblocks which were engraved in the providences in the mid Chosun dynasty, especially ones engraved under the auspices of Yu Heui-chun(柳希春), but not listed in $\boxDr$Kosachwalyo 攷事撮要$\boxUl$. This could be done by the analyzing $\boxDr$The Diary of Miam 眉巖日記$\boxUl$ written by Yu Heui-chun. It is a book which recorded daily life of eminent scholar and official covering political, social and cultural aspects, books and family matters. There were two categories of books published under the auspices of Yu Heui-chun. One is the books written by his grandfather in law, Choi Bu(崔溥), which were $\boxDr$Keumnamjip 錦南集$\boxUl$ collective works of Choi Bu, and $\boxDr$Pyohaerog 漂海錄$\boxUl$, essays on travelling across China. The other is the books for children, $\boxDr$Sinjeung Yuhap 新增類合$\boxUl$ for teaching characters and $\boxDr$Sog Mong-gu 續蒙求$\boxUl$ for moral education. These woodblocks have to enlisted in the woodblock catalogs. The analysis shows that most of these woodblocks by Yu Heui-chun were not recorded in either of two $\boxDr$Kosachwalyo 攷事撮要$\boxUl$ editions published in 1575 and 1585. In this respect, $\boxDr$The Diary of Miam$\boxUl$ proved itself to be of great significance in terms of bibliography studies.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.85-90
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• 2018

Fundamental data on the safety status is necessary to develop and operate the additional policies related to the radiation safety, however, few studies have been conducted to investigate the status quantitatively. In this study, out of the areas related to radiation safety, the status of the radiation worker, ambient radiation and the environmental radiation were examined in the quantitative aspect using diverse statistical methods. In the results of that, following information were obtained. First, out of the radiation workers engaged in 9 businesses as of end of 2014, the business having highest exposure dose is NDT showing significantly high than other businesses. Second, the average difference of the exposure doses in radiation workers in 9 businesses in 2014 compared to that in 2010 was not statistically significant at significance level of 5% (p=0.221). Third, the average of the environmental radiation in Gyeonggi-do was high than the Jeollabuk-do. The results of this study are anticipated to assist to utilize the basic data for the workers on radiational works, daily living radiation, and the safety control related to the environmental radiation, and to establish the policy of radiation protection in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.28 no.10
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• pp.41-54
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• 2012

This paper is to develop the method of surface soil improvement by electric heating equipment. For this purpose, the electric heating systems were invented to apply to the in-situ soil. Iaboratory tests were done to study the behaviors of sea clays by eletric heating. In lab tests, two different heating temperatures, $70^{\circ}C$ and $110^{\circ}C$, were applied to the saturated clays to examine the relationship between evaporation and compaction. In addition, trafficability was analyzed to the heated by applying cone penetrometer to the heated clays Furthermore, in-situ tests were conducted to analyze the range of soil improvement and strength variations. The temperature changes in field were measured and they were compared with those of the commercial program (Temp/W). Also, the bearing capacities of electrically heated field were tested by PBT (plate bearing test). Several conclusions were derived from the results of the numerical analysis and tests (lab and field). The improvement ranges and strength variations of electrically heated soil depended on the heating temperature and time. If the heating temperature is more than $100^{\circ}C$ evaporating the ground water, the bearing capacity and settlement increased rapidly. The bearing capacities of in-situ soil increased more than 3 times, and heated soil emitted a lot of vapors. The soil around electric heater was sintered completely, and its range was almost 20 cm.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Industry Society
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• v.3 no.8
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• pp.963-980
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• 2002

Software reengineering is making various research for solutions against problem of maintain existing systems. Reengineering has a meaning of development of software on exizting systems through the reverse engineering auf forward engineering. Most of the important concepts used in reengineering is composition that is restructuring of the existing objects. Is there a compiler that can compile a program written in a traditional procedural language (like C or Pascal) and generate a Java bytecode, rather than an executable code that runs oかy on the machine it was compiled (such as an a.out file on a Unix machine)\ulcorner This type of compiler may be very handy for today's computing environment of heterogeneous networks. In this paper we present a software system that does this job at the binary-to-binary level. It takes the compiled binary code of a procedural language and translates it into Java bytecode. To do this, we first translate into an assembler code called Jasmin [7] that is a human-readable representation of Java bytecode. Then the Jasmin assembler converts it into real Java bytecode. The system is not a compiler because it does not start at the source level. We believe this kind of translator is even more useful than a compiler because most of the executable code that is available for sharing does not come with source programs. Of course, it works only if the format of the executable binary code is known. This translation process consists of three major stages: (1) analysis stage that identifies the language constructs in the given binary code, (2) initialization stage where variables and objects are located, classified, and initialized, and (3) mapping stage that maps the given binary code into a Jasmin assembler code that is then converted to Java bytecode.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.40 no.8
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• pp.1551-1559
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• 2015

Recently, the performance of smart devices is almost similar to that of the existing PCs, thus the users of smart devices can perform similar works such as messengers, SNSs(Social Network Services), smart banking, etc. originally performed in PC environment using smart devices. Although the development of smart devices has led to positive impacts, it has caused negative changes such as an increase in security threat aimed at mobile environment. Specifically, the threats of mobile devices, such as leaking private information, generating unfair billing and performing DDoS(Distributed Denial of Service) attacks has continuously increased. Over 80% of the mobile devices use android platform, thus, the number of damage caused by mobile malware in android platform is also increasing. In this paper, we propose android based malware detection mechanism using time-series analysis, which is one of statistical-based detection methods.We use auto-regressive moving-average model which is extracting accurate predictive values based on existing data among time-series model. We also use fast and exact malware detection method by extracting possible malware data through Z-Score. We validate the proposed methods through the experiment results.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.48-67
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• 2007

In the case of students hoping to be a nursery school and kindergarten teacher in future, the educational experience which can not learning in the class work was help to increase their understand for the instruction methods in nursery school sport and them to have a instruction mind as a nurser school teacher by direct and concrete. In the aspects, the observation program on an actual spot is a important plan to be a extend of course work and one of alternation programs in child education. This study was emphasized that the observation program is necessary and useful procedure for students who will be prepared a practical training course for 4 weeks and that help to understand the change of their recognition before the observation and after. Also the analytical work was prepared to use usefully for a teacher aspirants to acquire an effective educational method on the actual teaching class. The result shows that the observation program for practical training on an actual sport would give the practical major knowledge to students in course work of a child education school. The educational program which was consisted with the observation and the training course work on the actual sport would be necessary prepared in a regular curriculum for the most of teacher aspirants This systematically analysis explains that the educational program like an observation on actual sport offer to the student as one of course works and it will be sufficiently prepared for promotion of their understand and experience about the child education.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.137-161
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• 2011

This paper deals with modal shift projects and policy of modal shift services at home and abroad. This study aims to review the results of foreign modal projects in advanced countries and to suggest policy directions for promoting modal shift services in Korea. This paper consists of three main sections: concept of modal shift policy; analysis of modal shift projects and policy at home and abroad; policy directions of modal shift services in Korea. In recent years, shippers who shift mode from truck to rail or coastal shipping are subsidized by the government. The government intends to encourage modal shift services of shippers, as shown in the example of Marco Polo in EU. It is identified that the government should devise effective policy for the successful implementation of truck-rail modal shift in Korea. It is suggested that the policy goal of modal shift must be clear and its attainment is feasible in order to promote modal shift services here. It also turns out that indirect supply policy works better than direct one. Freight transport environments differ between countries. It, thus, hard to directly apply foreign policies to Korea's freight transport field. Korea is at an inceptive stage of exploring foreign modal shift policies and promoting modal shift services in Korea. We will gain from the wide range of case studies, which analyze the modal shift successes and failures experienced by advanced countries. It is necessary to use them with care.