• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.287-294
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• 2021

Modern small farms are important link components in the structure of the world agro-industrial complex. It ensures the food and nutritional sustainability of the country exclusively at the local regional level. The purpose of the research is to examine the role of farming in ensuring nutritional security and food stability based on the analysis of the Food Sustainability Index (FSI). Research methods: modeling, abstraction, analogy, analysis, synthesis, formalization, logical abstraction, theoretical cognition, systematization and classification, abstract-logical, etc. Results. Having analyzed the Food Sustainability Index for 2018, it has been established that there is a lack of a clear relationship between the pace of economic development and the level of food and nutritional sustainability. In addition, this study has identified the countries with the largest number of small farms, as well as the number of farms within the region. The correlation between the size of the farm and the area of agricultural land that it cultivates has been determined. The problems faced by small farms in the process of their activity have been analyzed. The programs implemented in the field of agro-industrial complex development by international profile institutions have been systematized. Particularly, the regional structure of agricultural development programs under the guidance of IFAD is defined, as well as the areas to which they are directed. Specific measures taken by governments to stimulate the development of small farms have been outlined. Reasonable conclusions have been formed based on the study. The direction of future research is seen in the assessment of the export potential of small farms in terms of range, volume of export deliveries and geographical direction of movement of their products.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.81 no.3
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• pp.349-365
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• 2022

Steel fibre-reinforced concrete (SFRC) is an emerging class of composite for construction. However, a reliable method to assess the flexural behaviour of SFRC structural member is in lack. An analytical technique is proposed for determining the moment-curvature response of concrete beams reinforced with steel fibres and longitudinal bars (R/SFRC members). The behaviour of the tensile zone of such members is highly complex due to the interaction between the residual (tension softening) stresses of SFRC and the tension stiffening stresses. The current study suggests a transparent and mechanically sound method to combine these two stress concepts. Tension stiffening is modelled by the reinforcement-related approach assuming that the corresponding stresses act in the area of tensile reinforcement. The effect is quantified based on the analogy between the R/SFRC member and the equivalent RC member having identical geometry and materials except fibres. It is assumed that the resultant tension stiffening force for the R/SFRC member can be calculated as for the equivalent RC member providing that the reinforcement strain in the cracked section of these members is the same. The resultant tension stiffening force can be defined from the moment-curvature relation of the equivalent RC member using an inverse technique. The residual stress is calculated using an existing model that eliminates the need for dedicated mechanical testing. The proposed analytical technique was validated against test data of R/SFRC beams and slabs.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.84-92
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• 2022

In Part I, developed was a method to obtain the stress field due to an edge dislocation that locates in an elastic half plane beneath the contact edge of an elastically similar square wedge. Essential result was the corrective functions which incorporate a traction free condition of the free surfaces. In the sequel to Part I, features of the corrective functions, F_kij,(k = x, y;i,j = x,y) are investigated in this Part II at first. It is found that F_xxx(ŷ) = F_xyx(ŷ) where ŷ = y/η and η being the location of an edge dislocation on the y axis. When compared with the corrective functions derived for the case of an edge dislocation at x = ξ, analogy is found when the indices of y and x are exchanged with each other as can be readily expected. The corrective functions are curve fitted by using the scatter data generated using a numerical technique. The algebraic form for the curve fitting is designed as F_kij(ŷ) = $\frac{1}{\hat{y}^{1-{\lambda}}I+yp}$$\sum_{q=0}^{m}{\left}$$\left[A_q\left(\frac{\hat{y}}{1+\hat{y}} \right)^q \right]$ where λ_I=0.5445, the eigenvalue of the adhesive complete contact problem introduced in Part I. To investigate the exponent of F_kij, i.e.(1 - λ_I) and p, Log|F_kij|(ŷ)-Log|(ŷ)| is plotted and investigated. All the coefficients and powers in the algebraic form of the corrective functions are obtained using Mathematica. Method of analyzing a surface perpendicular crack emanated from the complete contact edge is explained as an application of the curve-fitted corrective functions.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.179-203
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• 2022

This study purposed to measure the economic value of repository services of the National Open Access Platform (AccessON), namely Self Archiving and Journal Repository. The value of Self Archiving was measured by applying time-saving value and the value of Journal Repositories by applying market analogy. Based on existing statistics, in-depth interviews with service beneficiaries and stakeholders, and a survey administered to 1,313 researchers, the value of Self Archiving was estimated to be 145 million won and an additional 12 million won with the OA legalization. The value of Journal Repositories was estimated to be 31.2 billion won. The total value of the repository services was 31.35 billion won over the 8-year business period. This result presented an estimated economic value of a national OA repository from the key beneficiaries' perspectives.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• no.94
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• pp.163-192
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• 2011

A posteriori physicalists criticize non-physicalist arguments based on the framework of two-dimensional semantics. Most of them argue for physicalism based on the analogy between scientific identity statements and psychophysical identity statements. This paper argues for another version of aposteriori physicalism, so called physicalism employing 'phenomenal concept strategy' or 'exceptionalist strategy', which appeals to merely the nature of phenomenal concept without recourse to a semantic framework. Loar's phenomenal concept strategy employs the aspect of our recognitional ability of objects in criticizing non-physicalism, leading to the argument that phenomenal concepts are 'exceptional' in applying conceivability-possibility link. I critically examine Stoljar's, Chalmers', Raffman's criticisms against Loar's exceptionalists strategy. Loar's phenomenal concept strategy reflects well our psychological aspects surrounding the acquisition and the possession of 'phenomenal concept'. In several respects, Loar's exceptionalist version of a posteriori physicalism is the best explanation for accounting for both the explanatory gap and the a posteriority of psychophysical identity.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.245-254
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• 2023

Through qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, the contradictory conclusions about the stability of the settled goaf with two-layer coal seams subject to building load were obtained. Therefore, it is necessary to combine the additional stress method and numerical simulation to further analyze the foundation stability. Through borehole analysis and empirical formula analogy, the height of water-conducting fracture zone in No.4 coal and No.9 coal were obtained, providing the calculation range of water-conducting fracture zone for numerical simulation. To ensure the accuracy of the elastic modulus of broken gangue, the stress-strain curve were obtained by broken gangue compression test in dried state of No.4 coal seam and in soaking state of No.9 coal seam. To ensure the rationality of the numerical simulation results, the actual measured subsidence data were retrieved by numerical simulation. FISH language was used to analyze the maximum building load on the surface and determine the influence depth of building load on the foundation. The critical building load was 0.16 MPa of No.4 settled goaf and was 1.6 MPa of No.9 settled goaf. The additional stress affected the water-conducting fracture zone obviously, resulted in the subsidence of water-conducting fracture zone was greater than that of bending subsidence zone. In this paper, the additional stress method was analyzed by numerical simulation method, which can provide a new analysis method for the treatment and utilization of the settled goaf.

• Progress in Superconductivity
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2002

Transferring single flux quanta across a Josephson junction at an exactly determined rate has made highly precise voltage measurements possible. Making use of self-shunted Nb-based SINIS junctions, programmable fast-switching DC voltage standards with output voltages of up to 10 V were produced. This development is now extended from fundamental DC measurements to the precise determination of AC voltages with arbitrary waveforms. Integrated RSFQ circuits will help to replace expensive semiconductor devices for frequency control and signal coding. Easy-to-handle AC and inexpensive quantum voltmeters of fundamental accuracy would be of interest to industry. In analogy to the development in the flux regime, metallic nanocircuits comprising small-area tunnel junctions and providing the coherent transport of single electrons might play an important role in quantum current metrology. By precise counting of single charges these circuits allow prototypes of quantum standards for electric current and capacitance to be realised. Replacing single electron devices by single Cooper pair circuits, the charge transfer rates and thus the quantum currents could be significantly increased. Recently, the principles of the gate-controlled transfer of individual Cooper pairs in superconducting A1 devices in different electromagnetic environments were demonstrated. The characteristics of these quantum coherent circuits can be improved by replacing the small aluminum tunnel Junctions by niobium junctions. Due to the higher value of the superconducting energy gap ($\Delta_{Nb}$ ＝ $7\Delta_{Al}$), the characteristic energy and the frequency scales for Nb devices are substantially extended as compared to A1 devices. Although the fabrication of small Nb junctions presents a real challenge, the Nb-based metrological devices will be faster and more accurate in operation. Moreover, the Nb-based Cooper pair electrometer could be coupled to an Nb single Cooper pair qubit which can be beneficial for both, the stability of the qubit and its readout with a large signal-to-noise ratio..

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2021.05a
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• pp.411-414
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• 2021

One of the elements of technology that has become extremely critical within the field of education today is Deep learning. It has been especially used in the area of natural language processing, with some word-representation vectors playing a critical role. However, some of the low-resource languages, such as Swahili, which is spoken in East and Central Africa, do not fall into this category. Natural Language Processing is a field of artificial intelligence where systems and computational algorithms are built that can automatically understand, analyze, manipulate, and potentially generate human language. After coming to discover that some African languages fail to have a proper representation within language processing, even going so far as to describe them as lower resource languages because of inadequate data for NLP, we decided to study the Swahili language. As it stands currently, language modeling using neural networks requires adequate data to guarantee quality word representation, which is important for natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Most African languages have no data for such processing. The main aim of this project is to recognize and focus on the classification of words in English, Swahili, and Korean with a particular emphasis on the low-resource Swahili language. Finally, we are going to create our own dataset and reprocess the data using Python Script, formulate the syllabic alphabet, and finally develop an English, Swahili, and Korean word analogy dataset.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.26-37
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• 2023

Urban air mobility (UAM) is being developed as part of the next-generation aircraft, which could be a viable solution to entrenched problems of urban traffic congestion and environmental pollution. A new airport platform called vertiport as a space where UAM can take off and land vertically is also being introduced. Noise regulations for UAM will be strict due to its operation in a highly populated urban area. Ground effects caused by vertiport can directly affect aerodynamic forces and noise characteristics of UAM. In this study, ground effects of vertiport on aerodynamic loads, vorticity field, and far-field noise were analyzed using Lattice-Boltzmann Method (LBM) simulation and Ffowcs Williams and Hawkings (FW-H) acoustic analogy with a permeable surface method.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.30 no.1A
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• pp.27-33
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• 2010

This study addresses a methodology to use small wind turbines for dual purposes, improving aerodynamic performance of flexible bridges and wind energy harvesting. A way to proper placement of small wind turbines on flexible bridges were proposed according on the analogy of conventional aerodynamic appendages. From the wind tunnel tests, it was found that the wind turbine attached like fairing was effective to reduce the vortex-induced vibration of bridge and the optimal spanwise interval of the wind turbine was 3-4.5 time of turbine diameter. Moreover the aerodynamic coefficients of the bridge were improved after installation of the wind turbines. Present results showed the general availability of wind turbine for improvement of aerodynamic performance and energy supply of flexible bridges although the capacity of wind power generation was strongly dependent on wind characteristics of the bridge site.