• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.17-24
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• 1990

In order to investigate the effects of Chungylsodokeum on Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory activity were administered. The results were summarized as follows : 1. The Analgesic effect of acetic acid showed inhibitory effect more than Chungyulsodokeum extract 3mg/kg. 2. The Analgesic effect of Hot Plate showed inhibitory effect more than Chungyulsodokeum 100mg/kg. 3. The Anti-inflammatory effect of Acetic acid showed inhibitory effect at Chungyulsodokeum extract 30, 100mg/kg.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 1994

The Effects of Hoichunyanggyuksan on the Anti-allergic Effect, Analgesic Action, Anti-inflammatory Action and Antipyretic Action. Experimental studies were done to research the clinical effects of Hoichunyanggyuksan on the Anti-allergic effect, Analgesic action, Anti-inflammatory action and Antipyretic action. The results obtained as follows; 1. On vascular permeability responses to intradermal histamine, Hoichnyanggyuksan showed significant effect. 2. In the homologous PCA provoked by the IgE-like antibody against white egg albumin, Hoichunyanggyuksan showed the decreasing tendency, but was none significant effect. 3. In the delayed type hypersensitivity responses to Picryl chloride, Hoichunyanggyuksan was proved significant effect. 4. In the delayed type hypersensitivity resposes to SRBC, Hoichunyanggyuksan revealed significant effect. 5. In Anti-pyretic action by yeast method, Hoichunyanggyuksan showed significant effect. 6. In Anti-inflammatory action by carrageenin method, Hoichunyanggyuksan showed significant effect. 7. In analgesic action by acetic acid method, Hoichunyanggyuksan was recognized significantly.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.541-545
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• 2001

The evaluation of the anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic activities of loxoprofen sodium given in intramuscular route was investigated as compared to oral application in rats and mice. The intramuscular $ED_{50}$ values of loxoprofen sodium in carrageenan edema and vascular permeability tests are 1.15 and 7.8 mg/kg, respectively, which represent more potent than in case of oral application. Its therapeutic effects in adjuvant arthritis were shown at 6 mg/kg l.m. and 3mg/kg p.o. Analgesic effect was shown to be more potent as given intramuscularly. Similar potency of antipyretic effects was shown in both administration routes. Considerably weak gastric damages were observed in intramuscular application.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.737-744
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• 1998

The rhizomes of the Acorus gramineus Soland have been used as sedatives, analgesics, stomachics and anthelmintics in chinese medicine. It is known that the rhizomes of the Acorus gramineus Soland contains the essential oil about 0.5~0.8% and this essential oil contains asarone about 86%. The asarone possess many pharmacological properties similar to those of reserpine and chlorpromazine. Sedative and analgesic effects of essential oil of Acorus gramineus Solaad in mouse was observed. The essential oil of Acorus gramineus Soland decreased the frequency of ambulation on mouse in proportion of concentration. ${\alpha}_2$ receptor antagonist(yohimbine hydrochloride) and opioids receptor antagonist(naloxone hydrochloride) were markedly decreased in frequency of ambulation. The essential oil of Acorus gramineus Soland decreased writhing syndrome in mouse and ${\alpha}_2$ receptor antagonist(yohimbine hydrochloride), opioids receptor antagonist(naloxone hydrochloride) were not increased above effects. In conclusion, these experimental results show that the essential oil of Acorus gramineus Soland have sedative and analgesic effects, but it did not antagonized ${\alpha}_2$ receptor antagonist(yohimbine hydrochloride) and opioids receptor antagonist(naloxone hydrochloride).

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.97-103
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• 1998

Purpose: In order to study the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of Bee Venom Therapy, writhing syndrome, carrageenin induced edema, and complete adjuvant induced arthritis were experimented. Methods: 1. We used rats of writhing syndrom induced by acetic acid injection. Group I was treated with Acupuncture therapy. Group II was treated with Bee Venom thearpy. we compared with Group I, II and the control group. 2. We used rats of paw edema induced by carrageenin injection. Group I Was treated with Acupuncture therapy, Group II was treated with Bee Venom thearpy we compared with Group I, II and the control group. 3. We used rats of arthritis induced by Freud's complete adjuvant injection. Group I was treated with Acupuncture therapy, Group II was treated with Bee Venom thearpy we compared with GroupI,II and the control group. Results: 1. Analgesic effects on writhing syndrome induced by acetic acid injection showed statistical significance in Bee Venom treated group as compared with the control group. 2. The paw edema induced by carrageenin injection was decreased with statistical significance in Bee Venom treated group as compared with the control group. 3. The arthritis induced by Freud's complete adjuvant injection wasn't significant. Conclusion: Bee Venom Therapy was effective on inflammatory disease.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.191-195
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• 1997

Backgound: The present study was undertaken to determine whether fentanyl or bupivacaine is a better adjuvant to epidural morphine with respect to postoperative analgesic use and with fewer incidence of side effects. Methods: We evaluated the clinical effects in 62 patients having cesarean section, divided in 3groups randomly. Group I(n=19) was received epidural morphine 4 mg, group II(n=22) was received epidural morphine 2 mg plus fentanyl 50 ${\mu}g$ and group III(n=21) was received morphine 2 mg plus 0.25% bupivacaine 10 ml epidurally. We measured the first request time of analgesic for postoperative pain, the number of supplemental analgesics within 24 hours and the incidence of side effects postoperatively. Results: The first request time of analgesic for postoperative pain was significantly shorter in group III than in group I and II. The analgesic use in the first 24 hours was significantly more in group III than in group I and II. The side effects were significantly fewer incidence in group II than in group I and III. Conclusions: In conclusion, the combined use of epidural morphine and fentanyl provided better analgesia than the combined of epidural morphine and bupivacaine.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.51-59
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of intramuscular stimulation (IMS) therapy in older persons with musculoskeletal pain. The subjects were 181 older persons (54 males, 127 females) with musculoskeletal pain. Intramuscular stimulation unit with needles (size $.3{\times}30$ mm) was applied for the treatment. The analgesic effects were measured by visual analog scale (VAS). Results showed that the post-treatment VAS score was significantly decreased after IMS therapy for fifteen minutes compared to pre-treatment score. In addition, the post-treatment VAS score was significantly decreased in patients with chronic pain (pain duration of one year after onset) compared to the post-treatment VAS score in patients with subacute pain (pain duration less than three months after onset). There was no significant difference in analgesic effects according to gender and age groups. It is determined from this study that IMS therapy can be beneficial for patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain in clinical setting. Further study is needed to identify whether the IMS therapy can change the pain threshold in patients with neurologic pain.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.24-30
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• 1986

Ssangwhatang which has been known to have antipyretic, analgesic and antifatigue effects are composed of Paeoniae Radix, Angelicae gigantis Radix, Astragali Radix, Rehmaniae Radix, Cnidii Rhizoma, Cassiae Cortex, Glycyrrhizae Radix and Puerariae Radix. Effects of some formulations of Ssangwhatang were studied with respect to the analgesic, antipyretic, hypothermic, anticonvulsive and antiinflammatory actions in experimental animals. The results obtained were as follows: 1) Prescription A, B, C and D of Ssangwhatang were showed significant analgesic effect by the acetic acid stimulating method in mice. 2) All Ssangwhatang-prescriptions used in this studies had hypothermic effect in normal mice. 3) Significant antipyretic effect in febrile rabbits were recognized in prescription A and C of Ssangwhatang, while not in prescription B and D of Ssangwhatang. 4) Prescription A, B, C and D of Ssangwhatang showed marked antiinflammatory effect against the edema induced by carrageenin in rats. 5) Prescriptions of Ssangwhatang did not show significant anticonvulsive effect against the convulsion induced by picrotoxin and strychnine in mice. From the above results, analgesic, hypothermic, antipyretic and antiinflammatory effects were recognized in Ssangwhatang. Ssangwhatang A- and C- prescriptions added with Pueraiae Radix showed better effects than prescription B and C of Ssangwhatang.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.230-236
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• 2020

Objectives: Trachyspermum khasianum H. Wolff is a rare medicinal plant characteristically used by the traditional healers in traditional medicine for the treatment of throat-pain, toothache, and stomach ache. The study was designed to determine the anthelmintic and analgesic properties of the aerial parts of Trachyspermum khasianum H. Wolff (Family: Apiaceae). The aqueous and ethanol extract of T. khasianum H. Wolff was prepared and subjected for evaluation to determine the possible therapeutic effects. Methods: Anthelmintic activities of the extracts were determined by observing the time taken to paralyze and the time taken for the death of earthworms (Eisenia foetida) as compared to the standard drug-Albendazole (20 mg/ml) and control. Analgesic potential of the extracts was evaluated using Eddy's hot plate method to understand the analgesic activity in rats (Wistar rats) at 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg body weight doses and compared with the standard reference (Diclofenac sodium: 10 mg/kg of animals). Results: The extracts showed a significant dose-dependent anthelmintic effect at the different concentrations (10, 20, and 40) mg/ml, compared to that of the standard drug (20 mg/ml). Also, the results suggested that the plant extracts possess significantly analgesic activity in rats. Conclusion: The studies indicate that Trachyspermum khasianum shows anthelmintic and potent analgesic activities. Further research should be carried out to identify the specific phytoconstituents responsible for both analgesic and anthelmintic activities and its possible mechanism of action.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.124-135
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• 2007

Backgrounds : Scutellaria baicalensis has been used as a medicinal plant to treat various disease conditions accompanying inflammatory response and oxidative stress. Objectives : The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of Scutellaria baicalensis against inflammatory, pain and edema Methods : In vitro, the effects of Scutellaria baicalensis against lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation were investigated in mouse BV2 microglial cells. In vivo, the effects of Scutellaria baicalensis on acetic acid-induced writhing response, carrageenan-induced edema and the plantar test (nociceptive thermal stimulation) were investigated using rats and mice. Results : The present results showed that pre-treatment with the aqueous extract of Scutellaria baicalensis suppressed the lipopolysaccharide-stimulated cyclooxygenase-2 expressions in mouse BV2 microglial cells. The aqueous extract of Scutellaria baicalensis inhibited acetic acid-induced abdominal pain in mice and also reduced thermal pain in rats. However, no significant inhibition on carrageenan-induced edema in rats. Conclusions : The present study showed that Scutellaria baicalensis possesses anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects.