• 한국재료학회지
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• 제15권10호
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• pp.644-651
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• 2005

The thermal analysis of $Al(OH)_3-SiO_2-AIF_3$ system was done. The thermal behaviors of components and the effect of moisture on the formation of mullite were investigated via TG-DTA and XRD analysis. The mixture of $Al(OH)_3,\;SiO_2,\;AIF_3$showed two endothermic peaks with drastic weight loss and one exothermic peak. Fluorotopaz was formed at $800^{\circ}C$ and turned into mullite completely at $1100^{\circ}C$. But the mixture $Al_2O_3$ of or dehydrated $Al(OH)_3$ and $SiO_2$ could not form mullite even at $1200^{\circ}C$ in which the crystalline phases were $\alpha-Al_2O_3$ ana cristobalite. It was found that the synthesized mullite was aciculate shaped single crystalline whisker.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.1-16
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• 1975

The newborn human is the only mammalian whose mother does not have a food supply ready for it's offspring at birth. From two to four days usually elapse before the mother's supply If milk appears, and during this period, some kind of artificial feeding should be supplied to the infants. Because of this factor, there has been continued debate fog the past hundreds of years as to when the first feeding should be started Accordingly, many experiments were carried out by scholars and because of these, Pre-lateral feedings were believed to be necessary. Many types of pre-lateral feedings were tried and the conclusion was reached that glucose water was the best food for the first infants'feedings. Traditionally, This has been started 12 hours after birth. The causes for the 12 hours delay were thought to (1) provide rest for the infants: (2) prevent regurgitation ana vomiting which tended to be prevalent during this tine: (3) in cases of low weight infants, prevention of aspiration pneumonia. From recent studies of newborn physiology and as pediatric medicine has been rapidly advancing, many studies hare been carried out concerning the improvement of infant nutrition and the early feeding of infants has been emphasized. This author believes it would be very beneficial to try two different kinds of feedings for the infant. (1) experimental feedings ana (2) comparative feeding, and during this period to investigate and compare the infants blood sugar level, hematocrit, gamma globulin level weight changes and to observe the infant reaction ill order to search for a more desirable feeding program. This study was conducted from January to March 1974 with data related to 40 healthy newborn infants (male 21, female 19: weight, 2.79∼4.20㎏ : gestation, 39∼40 weeks) born at Ewha Womens University Hospital and the results obtained were as follows : 1. At time of birth the blood sugar level from the cord sample averaged 88.99㎎/100㎖, but the blood sugar level rapidly dropped after 2 to 3 hours and reached the lowest point after 10 to 11 hours (54.48㎎/100㎖) and rose again by the 24 hour time period (76.80㎎/100㎖). Changes in the blood sugar level of the experiments: groups and the compare-five group was not significantly different until the 6 to 7 hour period, but by the 10 to 11 hour period the blood sugar levels of the experimental group (49,10㎎/100㎖) and the comparative group (49.70㎎/100㎖) were lower than the remainder of the experimental groups. 9. There ware no significant weight changes between the two groups. Average weight at birth was 3.35㎏, but at the 24 hours period birth weight averaged 3.29㎏. (1.8% reduction of birth weight). It continually lowered until at 48 hours, average weight was 3.26㎏ (2.7% reduction from birth weight.) 3. Hematocrit readings showed no significant difference between the groups. Hematocrit, the average value at birth, was 28.07% and abruptly elevated to average 64.35% at the 2 to 3 hour period, then slowly lowered to an average of 59.67% at the 6 to 7 hour period, 55.10% at the 10 to 11 hour period, ana 53.70% at the 24 hour period. 4. At birth, average gamma globulin value averaged 1,39㎎/100㎖. and at the 24 hour period averaged 1,52㎎/100㎖ revealing no significant difference between the two feeding groups. 5. Such factors as voiding, passing of meconium, regurgitation and vomiting showed no significance between the two feeding groups. However, the number of infants voiding and passing meconium in the experimental groups during the first 12 hours was slightly greater. In general there was an increased tendency for regurgitation and. vomiting among a small group of the infants during the first 24 hours which thereafter decreased. 6. Fluid intake averaged 24.38cc at the first feeding and increased to average 30.48cc at the third feeding and further increased to 73. 00cc at the fifteenth feeding. Finally it was suggested that the most reasonable method of early feeding is to give less than 25cc of 5% glucose water and/or 8% powdered milk at 8 to 9 flours after birth in order to prevent hypoglycemia and dehydration.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.245-251
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• 2018

PURPOSE. To evaluate the accuracy of a model made using the computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacture (CAD/CAM) milling method and 3D printing method and to confirm its applicability as a work model for dental prosthesis production. MATERIALS AND METHODS. First, a natural tooth model (ANA-4, Frasaco, Germany) was scanned using an oral scanner. The obtained scan data were then used as a CAD reference model (CRM), to produce a total of 10 models each, either using the milling method or the 3D printing method. The 20 models were then scanned using a desktop scanner and the CAD test model was formed. The accuracy of the two groups was compared using dedicated software to calculate the root mean square (RMS) value after superimposing CRM and CAD test model (CTM). RESULTS. The RMS value ($152{\pm}52{\mu}m$) of the model manufactured by the milling method was significantly higher than the RMS value ($52{\pm}9{\mu}m$) of the model produced by the 3D printing method. CONCLUSION. The accuracy of the 3D printing method is superior to that of the milling method, but at present, both methods are limited in their application as a work model for prosthesis manufacture.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.159-162
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• 2013

Galectin-3 is a ${\beta}$-galactoside-binding lectin that plays a role in neuroinflammation through cell migration, proliferation, and apoptosis. In the present study, regulation of galectin-3 was examined in the brain of mice infected with the Daniel strain of Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) at days 7 and 81 post-infection by immunohistochemistry. Immunohistochemistry revealed that galectin-3 was mainly localized in ionized calcium-binding adapter 1-positive macrophages/activated microglia, but not in Iba-1-positive ramified microglia. Galectin-3 was also weakly detected in some astrocytes in the same encephalitic lesions, but not in neurons and oligodendrocytes. Collectively, the present findings suggest that galectin-3, mainly produced by activated microglia/macrophages, may be involved in the pathogenesis of virus induced acute inflammation in the early stage as well as the chronic demyelinating lesions in Daniel strain of TMEV induced demyelination model.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.104-111
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 단일 탄소원과 질소원으로 aniline을 이용하는 것으로 보고된 바 있는 Bukholderia sp. HY1과 Deiftia sp. HY99로부터 aniline의 첫 번째 분해 단계에 관련된 aniline dioxygenas의 위치를 확인하고 그 유전자를 클로닝하여 아미노산 서열을 결정하고 비교하였다. 한 개 이상의 플라스미드 DNA를 포함하고 있을 것으로 조사된 B.a sp. HY1에서 유래된 플라스미드의 curing 실험을 통해, B. sp. HY1의 aniline oxygenase는 플라스미드가 아닌 염색체 DNA에 존재하는 것으로 확인되었다. B. sp. HY1과 D. sp. HY99에서 유래된 aniline dioxygenase small subunit는 146개 아미노산을 기준으로 약 79%의 상동성을 보였다. 특히, B. sp. HY1으로부터 얻어진 ado2는 aniline dioxygenase small subunit의 terminal dioxygenase에 속하는 것으로 Frateuria sp. ANA-18의 tdnA2와 99%, 그리고 Delftia sp. HY99의 ado2는 Delftia sp. AN3의 danA2와 99% 이상의 아미노산 상동성을 나타내었다. 또한 본 연구에서 두 균주에서 얻어진 catechol oxygenase의 아미노산 서열분석을 통해 B. sp. HY1은 catechol 1,2-dioxygenase에 의해 ortho pathway를 D. sp. HY99는 catechol 2,3-dioxygenase에 의해 meta pathway를 운영할 것이라는 이전 보고를 강력하게 뒷받침해 주었다.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.37-43
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• 1978

This Study was conducted, during the period of 8-16th, August in 1977 and 27th, January through 2, Feburury in 1978, to measure laking off and on time for patient's clothes at the radiologic department in general hospitals. The study dealt with three general hospitals which were classified into groups by ownerships; two university hospitals, one private hospitals. The scope of the study was limited to measurement's of taking off and on time except taking a radiograph. The results were summarized as follows: [1] In Summer, the average taking off ana on tine for male was 3 minutes and 7 seconds and 3 minutes and 43 seconds for female. The latter was longer than that for the former. [2] In Winter, the mean taking off and on time for male was 3 minutes 42 seconds, 4 minutes 17 seconds for female. [3] In this respect, the average taking off and on time for female was longer than that for male and that for winter was expended that for summer. [4] In Summer, regardless of age group and sex, the average taking off and on time for taking a radiograph was 3 minutes 25 seconds, and 3 minuteds 59 seconds in Winter. [5] Regardless of season, sen, and age, the mean time expended to take off and on for taking a radiograph was 3 minutes 43 seconds.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.53-65
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• 1973

In order to explore the present status of induced abortion, a survey was conducted on 578 married women : 320 employed women, 165 urban and 93 rural housewives, during the period form June, 1972 to september, 1972. The results were as follows: 1. The rates of induced abortion in urban housewives, employed women and rural housewives were 50.3%, 30.3% and 1l.8%, respectively. 2. With regard to the duration of marital life, the rate of induced abortion was higher group of 11-16 and 17-22 years of duration than those of less than 4 years ana more than 23 years. 3. There were significant differences between housewives and the employed women. and also between urban and rural housewives in the rates of induced abortion. 4. The mean number of pregnancies was 4.9 and 4.8 for the rural and urban housewives while for the employed women was 2.1. 5. The mean number of live births was 4.5 and 3.2 for the rural and urban housewives while for the employed women was 2.1. 6. Average number of living children of the women who had experienced induced abortions was 4.8 and 3.1 for the rural and urban housewives while for the employed . women was 2.5. 7. There was a significant correlation between induced abortions and social class or educational level. The higher their level of education or social class, the more frequently women were experienced induced abortions. 8. There was a significant correlation between experience of induced abortions and family planning practice, vis., the women who had experienced induced abortions made more use of family planning practices.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제46권9호
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• pp.898-902
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• 2003

목 적 : 소아기 피부근염 환아들의 진단 시 나타나는 임상적 특징과 소아기 피부근염의 진단 기준을 비교하여 조기 진단에 필요한 기준을 제시하고자 하였고, 소아기 피부근염에서 나타나는 자가항체들을 조사하여 진단에 유용한가를 알아보았다. 방 법 : 1985년 3월부터 1999년 3월까지 서울대학교병원 소아과에 내원하여 처음으로 소아기 피부근염으로 진단 받았던 32명의 환아들을 대상으로 성별, 남녀 비, 진단 시 나이, 진단 시 나타난 증상, 근육 효소치, 근전도 및 근육 생검 소견, 면역학적 이상 소견, 자가항체 검사 소견 등에 대한 자료를 의무 기록을 중심으로 후향적인 방법으로 조사하였다. 결 과 : 전체 32명의 환아들 중에서 남아가 8명, 여아가 24명 이었고, 남녀 비는 1 : 3이였다. 진단 시 평균 나이는 남아가 $4.6{\pm}6.9$세, 여아는 $6.9{\pm}7.3$세였고, 여아의 경우에는 진단 시 나이 분포가 2-3세경과 8-9세경에 빈발하였다. 소아기 피부근염의 진단 기준에서 특징적인 발진과 근위부 근육 약화 소견은 32명의 환아들 모두에서 나타났다. 한가지 이상의 근육 효소치의 증가가 있는 경우가 29명으로 90%이었고, 이 중에서 LDH의 증가가 28명(88%)으로 가장 많았다. 근육 생검은 16명(70%)에서 양성 소견이 나타났고, 근전도 검사는 20명(74%)에서 진단 기준에 합당한 소견이 나왔다. 진단 시 나타난 임상 증상들 중에서 근위부 근육의 통증과 압통이 17명(53%), 석회 침착증이 10명(31%)이었고, 연하 곤란(25%), 관절염(25%), 발열(22%) 등의 순으로 나타났다. 진단 시 자가항체로는 항핵항체와 류마티스성 인자를 제외하고는 모두가 음성이었다. 항핵항체는 14명(47%)에서 양성 이었고, 류마티스성 인자(RF)는 2명(7%) 만이 양성이었다. 결 론 : 소아기 피부근염의 진단 기준은 민감도는 높지만 조기 진단을 하기 위해서는 새로운 진단 기준이 필요한 것 같다. 소아기 피부근염에서는 성인에서 나타나는 근염-특이 자가항체의 양성률이 매우 낮아 임상적으로 혹은 검사 상으로 피부근염이 확실할 경우에는 자가항체를 검사하는 것은 의미가 없는 것으로 생각된다.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.69-73
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• 2001

The effect of topical application 100,300 and 500 $\mu$g/ ml with Mineral Salts of magnesium sulphate and potassium nitrate on economic parameters was ana- lyzed following treatment of last larval stadium. The treated larvae showed significantly decreased larval weight and silk gland weight in all the treated groups along with other decreased Iarval, cocoon and adult parameters. The female cocoon weight was significantly decreased in all the treated groups with decreased female cocoon shell weight and male cocoon weight at 300 and 500$\mu$g/ml respectively. The length and weight of filament was significantly decreased at 300 and 500 $\mu$g/ml respectively and denier at 500 $\mu$g/ ml. The fecundity decreased significantly in 300 and 500 $\mu$g/ml treated groups when compared with the corresponding parameters of the carrier control.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제15권10호
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• pp.652-656
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• 2005

The samples were prepared with hydroxyapatite(HAp) powder and Polycaboxylate (P.C/HAp=10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 $wt\%$). The hydroxyapatite green body with Polycaboxylate were obtained by compaction and drying at room temperature for 3hrs. The higher mechanical properties were observed in HAp sample with $35 wt\%$ Polycaboxylate. The average compressive ana bending strength in HAp with $35 wt\%$ Polycaboxylate are $302 kgf/cm^2$ and $213 kgf/cm^2$ respectively. This strength is higher compare to that of the cortical bone.