• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
• /
• 제15권5호
• /
• pp.120-129
• /
• 2006

Apartments have become the most popular type of residential building in Korea since the 1960s. The dwelling space should be designed to accomodate various life styles or changing needs of family members. This research is conducted to analyze flexible interior space types of apartments and to improve the architectural planning and design of apartments that can satisfy various needs of residents. In this study, apartments of 10 - 90 pyeongs built in the region of Seoul, between 1998 and 2007, are investigated in terms of the unit plan, the number of open sides, and a distribution of flexible apartment types for each year, Apartments with flexible space are classified into 10 different types, including a flexible type between bedrooms, a flexible type between a bedroom and the livingroom, and a flexible type between the dinning room and the livingroom. According to the composition of unit plans, apartments are also differentiated as a single-corridor type, a double-corridor type, a stairway type, a hall type, and a combination type. According to these classifications, the characteristics of desirable unit plans were analyzed. The results of the analysis showed that, as the unit size of apartments get bigger, the ratio of width/depth of the front side unit plan is increased. This result reflects a trend of high-rise apartments which have an increased number of front-side bays and a shorter depth for better penetration of daylight. In addition, a hall type is found to have a wider front side and shorter depth. According to open sides, a flexible type of the livingroom and the dinning room/kitchen (L-D.K) is found to be most common for the front/back open space, and the livingroom is usually placed on the front/side open space. To meet the changing needs of residents, more research should be conducted on flexible dwelling space.

• 한국의류산업학회지
• /
• 제9권4호
• /
• pp.391-400
• /
• 2007

This purpose of this study is to announce the research for the formative characteristics and the constructive characteristics for the 23 pair of pants excavated from the tomb of Yeosan Song's family at Mokdal Dong in Daejeon. Men and women wore the open-type over the close-type pants. Song Hyo-sang and Chungjoo Park wore the 1 or 2 pairs of the open-type pants over the 3 pairs of close-type pants. Song Hee-jong and his wife Sonhung An wore a pair of the open-style pants over the 1 or 2 pairs of pants. It was due to the shortage of goods by the war that Song Heejong had less shrouds than Song Hyosang. The pants were almost made of the cotton and the silk. The open-type pants worn inside was made of the cotton but outside was made of the silk. That time the cotton was used for the unlined underwears for the health and the protection against the cold and the hot. The silk was used for the outwear. In the construction type, 12 pairs of pants were unlined, 6 pairs of pants were quilted, 4 pairs of pants were padded, and 1 pair of pants was lined. All unlined were the close-type and the quilted and padded pants were the open-type, which were worn inside. Lined type was just one. In the wearing order of shrouds, type, textile, and constructive type, Song Hyosang and Chungjo Park were similar, Song Heejong and Sonhung An were similar.

• 교육시설 논문지
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.11-19
• /
• 2011

This study was carried out to investigate consciousness of users about management of multipurpose space introduced in open planned elementary school after the year of 1990's. Thirteen open planned elementary schools were participated through questionnaire and interviews. As the results, the positive response was maintained a superior position in the need of multipurpose space and changes of classroom management. Independence type in the arrangement of multipurpose space and the additional corridor type having extra moving line in comparison with the extensional corridor type were remarkably preferred, respectively. The consciousness of utilization about multipurpose space was comparatively low in a type having traffic line in surroundings of classroom compared to a type having entrance or a type having roundabout corridor. Finally, the group accepting changes positively showed high need to solve urgent problems about management of classroom.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기기기및에너지변환시스템부문B
• /
• 제52권9호
• /
• pp.468-474
• /
• 2003

This paper describes the development of an open frame type high power density switching converter. It is based on the active clamp forward converter with synchronous rectifier, and packaged by using the open frame and multi-layer printed circuit board (PCB) technology to achieve the higher power density. Furthermore, the windings of transformer and inductor are also realized by multi-layer PCB so that it also contributes to achieve higher power density. Through the experiment on the prototype converter of 50[W], it is confirmed that power density of 50[W/i$n_3$] and maximum efficiency of over 91[%] are obtained.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
• /
• 제13권5호
• /
• pp.90-97
• /
• 2004

The purpose of this study is to grasp the spatial characteristic of the unit plan for a Super-High-Rise-Residence. This study is focused on the open air contact sides for a tower type Super-High-Rise-Residence. A tower type Super-High-Rise-Residence which has open air contacts from 1 to 3.5 sides differed in spatial characteristics of the unit plan for other apartment units. The current study analyzed 188 unit plans for the size of 40 pyong or larger in Seoul and the metropolitan areas which have been built since 1990. Open air contact side was classified as under 2 sides, 2 sides, and over 2 sides. The unit plan which belong to each open air contact side was Investigated according to the location of public area, the relationship between livingroom and master bedroom, and a method of entry to the master bedroom. The results of this study are as follow: According to increase open air contact sides is changed the location of public area in unit plan from an typical arrangement to various arrangement. Also the relationship between livingroom and master bedroom becomes loose and in a method of entry to the master bedroom increase an indirect approach through other room.

• Architectural research
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.11-16
• /
• 2006

The purpose of this study is to scrutinize the effect of office layouts and ambient office sounds on the performance of office workers involved with a proof-reading test (simple task). Twenty subjects, who were professional researchers and computer programmers, were from three different office layouts: 1) Nine subjects from a combined office type with open meeting places and closed individual offices; 2) five from an open office with rectangular individual workstations, and 3) six from an open office with triangular individual workstations. Architects and consultants working in the field of office have reported from interviews and their own observations that occupants' satisfaction differs as their office layouts vary although the sizes are the same. This finding leads to the hypothesis of this experiment. Proof-reading test results were obtained from three different office layouts (combined office type, rectangular and triangular individual workstations in open offices) under two different sound conditions (quiet background sound and ambient sound of their own workplace) for 10 minutes. The test analysis shows the mean test score of subjects from the triangular individual workstations in open offices is significantly different from the mean test scores of subjects from the combined office type and the rectangular individual workstations in open offices.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.170-172
• /
• 2018

An ankle sprain is a relatively common sports-related injury but a severe open ankle sprain (SOAS) is very rare. A 27-year-old female athlete was injured during running and was hospitalized because of an inversed ankle injury with an open wound. She was diagnosed initially with an open-avulsion fracture at the tip of the fibula with an anterior talofibular ligament tear. The patient was finally diagnosed with SOAS from the surgical findings and literature review. SOAS should also be considered if there is a transverse open wound at the time of an ankle injury.

• 대한수학교육학회지:학교수학
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.153-170
• /
• 2017

본 연구는 학생들의 추론 활동이 활발할 것으로 기대되는 개방형 문제와 학생들이 익숙해하는 선택형 문제에서 학생들이 문제를 해결하면서 보이는 추론의 유형과 추론 과정이 어떠한지 분석하였다. 그리고 개방형 문제 해결에서 추론을 증진시키는 교사의 역할에 대해 알아보았다. 선택형 문제에 비해 개방형 문제 해결에서 학생들은 더 다양한 추론 유형을 나타냈고, 추론이 연쇄적으로 진행되면서 확장되는 과정을 보여주었다. 개방형 문제에서는 학생들의 개연적 추론의 한 유형인 가추가 활발하였는데, 이에 따라 교사는 격려, 촉진, 안내의 역할을 하였다. 이에 교사는 수업과 평가에서 개방형 문제를 제시하고, 학생들이 추론에 어려움을 느낄 때 적절한 발문으로 학생들의 추론이 더욱 활발해지도록 돕는 역할을 해야 한다.

• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제32권2호
• /
• pp.85-91
• /
• 2017

When the shell-type roller gate is partly open, at a certain height the large vibration is caused due to resonance and the vibration can cause damage to the gate. In this study, the review on amplitude of vibration and the possible resonance occurring at the time of opening or closing of gate is performed. Throughout the natural frequency analysis, the installation location of the measuring instrument was selected. On opening or closing of gate, the measurement of gate vibration is performed. The natural frequencies according to the opening range of the gate is analyzed. As a result of measurement and analysis, we proposed ranges in which vibration occurs largely and resonance is predicted as an avoiding open ranges, or the safe opening or closing of the shell-type roller gate. The application of this paper's avoiding open range estimation method of shell-type roller gate can be utilized as the basic data for the systematic and rational maintenance management of dams and submerged weirs in the future, and it is expected that this study can bring forth.

• 건축역사연구
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.125-138
• /
• 2004

Open-rectangular plan Hanok is one of the major types that compose the urban tissues of Bukchon, a typical traditional residential area in Seoul. Through the comparison of the cadastral map of 1912 and the aerial photograph of 1962, the paper has given the outline of the and the distribution of Open-rectangular plan Hanok at Bukchon. And the paper defines the characteristics of Open-rectangular plan Hanok at Bukchon as followings. First, Open-rectangular plan Hanok at Bukchon is the mutated type of Open-rectangular plan Hanok in Kyong-gi Province. Second, the composition and characteristics of Bakat-chae and outer-courtyard have been changed through the adaptation itself to the compact lots of urban neighborhood. Third, the composition and characteristics of An-chae has not been changed except the inner corner bay, that gives the lights and view to An-bang through the window. And the comparison and observation of four examples, the paper defines the identities of Open-rectangular plan Hanok at Bukchon. The partial transformation comes from the conflicts and adjustments with the structure of alley and the topographical condition of lots.