• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.351-359
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• 2014

The field of information science has been documented in several ways during its existence and in some ways has mirrored that of other scientific disciplines during the same period. This article examines variables related to author gender of information science articles in American Documentation (AD) during its entire run, 1950 through 1969. Published by the American Documentation Institute, AD was a primary information science journal of its time, changing its name in 1970 to the Journal of the American Society for Information Science (JASIS), corresponding with the change of the parent organization's name to the American Society for Information Science (1968). AD was preceded by an earlier "information science" publication, the Journal of Documentary Reproduction (JDR), 1938-1942, issued by the American Library Association. Studies indicate that females contributed about 8% for the entire run of articles in JDR (1938-1942) and about 22% for the first twenty-seven years of JASIS (1970-1996). The present study explores the nature of female contributions to AD for the middle period (1950-1969). It has been determined that for the entire run of the journal under the name AD, female authors comprised about 17% of the contributors, which places their publishing percentage for this period between the earlier and later periods, thus expectedly filling the gap.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.49
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• pp.77-119
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• 2016

A modern architectural building is a cultural heritage, which is also part of our history until the present. Documentation is thus considered an irreplaceable method to preserve our cultural heritage as it may be the last resort of preservation. The study analyzed the Historic American Buildings Survey (HABS) on the Heritage Documentation Programs of the National Park Service. Based on the analysis of the comparison and documentation of the modern architectural building implemented by the Cultural Heritage Administration, the study suggested improvement plans from three different perspectives. First, specifically detailed regulations of the legal system are supposed to be used for the implementation of the documentation of modern architectural buildings. Second, it is suggested that a general plan for continuous documentation be made. Last, by setting up a collection method, an information service needs to be provided for the public.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.81-104
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• 1999

Researchers commonly begin a project by studying past works in the area and deriving relevant information and ideas from their predecessors. In presenting their works researchers acknowledge their debts to preflecessors by carefully documenting each source to indicate what they borrowed. The obvious form of plagiarism is to cokx without crediting the sources. Students have to learn how to quote and how to make reference lists or works cited at the end of their reports which allow readers to locate and use the sources they used for their reports. Nowadays online information sources through the internet increase day by day, but there is no standard documentation style for citing these sources. In this paper up-to-date documentation styles recommened by APA(American Psychological Association) and MLA(Modern Language Association) are introduced. It was found that the graduate schools and the academic societies in Korea do not keep a certain documentation style consistently by checking the school catalogs and the policy statements on manuscript submisssion to the journals.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.21-34
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• 2020

This study explores the education of historic preservation in the United States. The research examined its history and philosophical and practical approaches within the American urban context, from its historical backgrounds to evolving social perspectives. This case study is to help collegiate educators in understanding the principles of American architectural heritage conservation and why it has been developed in specific directions and, ultimately, to assist in designing preservation education programs for different local contexts. Historic preservation in the United States has been integrated into the architecture and urban planning field as a sustainable development approach incorporating physical, social, and economic matters. First, this study explored the development of the preservation profession, policies, and education since the 1930s. Second, the researchers investigated the three fundamentals of historic preservation, such as authenticity, documentation, and community engagement. Lastly, this research discussed that American preservation deals with living communities and seeks interdisciplinary approaches. The understanding of historic preservation pedagogy from these multiple perspectives would hopefully provide a guide to developing cultural heritage education programs.

• ALGAE
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.63-71
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• 2013

Lithothamnion muelleri is reported for the first time as one of the main components of rhodolith beds along the Eastern Pacific Ocean based on samples from Washington State (USA), Pacific Baja California (M$\acute{e}$xico), southern Nicaragua, and Costa Rica. Individual rhodoliths ranged from fruticose to lumpy in morphology, and bi-sporangial, tetrasporangial, and gametangial plants were similar to those described from Australia and Brazil. Our study revealed a surprisingly wide latitudinal distribution of this species along the American continent. Its documentation in the Eastern Pacific will facilitate a more accurate interpretation of the ecology, biology, and biogeography of rhodolith beds worldwide.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.233-254
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• 1999

The forth edition of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (1994) provides documentation advice for writers in the social sciences. This style of citation briefly identifies the source for readers and enables them to locate the source of information in the alphabetical reference list at the end of an article. Although the APA publication manual gives recommendations for citing some kinds of electronic resources, it acknowledges that at the time of writing this edition, a standard had not yet emerged for referencing on-line information. Because the manual was published before the development of the Internet as we know it, it does not have guidelines for citing www sites, web discussion forum posting, and other Internet resources,. Therefore this study aims to extend the principles and conventions of APA citation style to electronic resources.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 1998.11a
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• pp.288-295
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• 1998

In this paper the system safety program plan(SSPP) for the development of Korea high speed railway system was presented. The plan for the design phase built up base upon MIL-STD 882C, manual for the development of rail transit system safety program plans by American Public Transit Association, and SSPP for Seoul-Pusan High Speed Rail project should be modified and then applied to the phases of manufacturing, test and commissioning. The plan deals with the safety program, the reference standards, the management and responsibility for the safety related activities, the methods to be used for early identifying safety critical items and functions and eliminating or controlling all hazards in a timely and cost-effective manner, and the documentation generated for safety assessment.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.246-256
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the role of nurse specialist in the general hospital, and to provide basic data for the role management of nurse specialist. Method: The subjects were 38 staff nurses who worked in a medical, surgical, or other department in one general hospital. Survey tools were developed with criteria for a clinical nurse specialist by American Nurses Association(1986), Korean Nurses Association(2001), Kim(2005)'s research, and the nurse specialists' self job description. Validity of the tool was examined by 5 clinical nursing experts and nurse specialists. Data analysis was done by using SPSS Win 12.0 program. Result: The results of domains for the job of nurse specialists were 61.6% for direct clinical practice, 21.7% for education, 5.7% for consultation, 5.2% for management, 5.2% for research, and 1.1% for other domains. The results for the large classifications in nurse specialists domains were 57.6% for direct nursing practice in direct clinical practice domain, 89.1% for patient education in education domain, 57.5% for medical consultation in consultation domain, 57.5% for medical research in research domain, and 39.2% for documentation in management domain. Conclusion: This research revealed that direct clinical practice domain was higher than the other domains of research, education, and management. Discussion and development about the nurse specialist's various roles needs to be addressed on a continual basis.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.507-516
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• 2000

This study examines that North American Nursing Diagnosis Association(NANDA) and Home Health Care Classification(HHCC) is appropriate to classify home health care client's nursing problems and suggests a modified nursing diagnosis classification system. Two hundred and forty-nine clients' records at a general hospital were reviewed and nursing problems were diagnosed according to each classification system. Results of this study are as follows. The major client's medical diagnosis are pregnancy, childbirth and puerperium, malignant neoplasm, and benign neoplasm. Of four hundred and sixty-three nursing problems, all nursing problems made a diagnos according to HHCC, while three hundred and eighty-five made a diagnosis according to NANDA. The HHCC diagnosis included 78 more nursing problems than NANDA. The discrepancy in the results may indicate a significant advantage to HHCC diagnosis because HHCC nomenclature was created empirically from hard data. However, this may be due to limitations in the data collection method so determination of which classification system is more useful is difficult to judge. However, nursing components of the HHCC are more concrete and clearer than human response patterns of the NANDA. Also the HHCC facilitates the documentation of patient care by computer, while using a conceptual framework consisting of 20 Care Components based on the nursing process: assessment, diagnosis, outcome identification, planning, implementation and evaluation. Accordingly, the practical application of HHCC is more useful than NANDA. Limitations of this study include a retrospective data collecting method and universality of samples. Further research for various samples that use prospective data collection method is recommended.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.105-115
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• 2013

In Korea, the human skin tests to evaluate the anti-wrinkles and whitening effect have been accomplished in accordance with the KFDA guideline. Regarding the data of the visual assessment and machinery evaluation of the results for the human skin test, unpaired t-test have been used in order to compare between the test and the control groups and paired t-test for the comparison of effects for before and after. Descriptive statistics such as frequency analyses was used for the questionnaire evaluation data. In many cases of the European and American clinical test centers, the methodology and the statistical analysis were similar to ours. But, the documentation obtained by repeated application from identical individual has high relation. For this reason, it is desirable to apply RM ANCOVA and RM ANOVA to a visual assessment and machinery evaluation. We suggested that RM ANCOVA and RM ANOVA is the new approach to statistical analysis of human test data of functional cosmetics.