• Title/Summary/Keyword: Amaranthus

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An Application of a Plastochron Index for Nitrate Reductase Activity in Amaranthus retroflexus, Chenopodium album var. centrorubrum and Glycine max (털비름(Amaranthus retroflexus), 명아주(Chenopodium album var. centrorubrum) 및 콩(Glycine max)의 질산환원효소 활성의 측정을 위한 Plastochron index)

  • Park, Bong-Kyu;Joung-Hee Kim
    • The Korean Journal of Ecology
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    • v.9 no.1
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    • pp.1-7
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    • 1986
  • plastochron index was used as a measure for the nitrate reductase activity (NRA) in Amaranthus retroflexus, Chenopodium album var. centrorubrum and Glycine max. The material plants treated with $NO_3$-N had higher NRA than those treated with ${NH_4}^+$-N. High NRA were found in young tissues which have low PI or LPI in both A. retroflexus and C. album. These results indicated that this enzyme decreased with increasing plastochron index of the extracted tissues. High level of NRA was detected in Glycine max leaves at PI 4.0. On the other hand, there were no significant differences for PI among $NO_3$-treated, ${NH_4}^+$-treated and control in both stems and roots.

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Volatile flavor components of Ixeris dentata and Amaranthus mangostanus (씀바귀와 비름의 휘발성 풍미성분)

  • Kim, Mi-Kyung;Lee, Mie-Soon
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.31 no.4
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    • pp.394-399
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    • 1988
  • Volatile components of Ixeris dentata and Amaranthus mangostanus, Korean wild vegetables, were collected by Steam Distillation-Extraction(SDE) method. Essential oils were analyzed by gas chromatography(GC)and combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS). Sixty one components, including 13 alcohols, 9 esters, 12 aldehydes, 6 ketones, 9 hydrocarbons, 6 acids, 3 phenols and 3 miscellaneous ones were confirmed in Ixeris dentata. Fifty six components, including 15 alcohols, 5 esters, 13 aldehydes, 8 ketones, 3 hydrocarbons, 9 acids and 5 miscellaneous ones were confirmed in Amaranthus mangostanus.

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Allelopathic Effect of Oryzalexine A on the Germination and Growth of Several Weeds

  • Lee, Choon-Woo;Koichi Yoneyama;Yasutomo Takeuchi;Son, Young-Koo
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.47 no.4
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    • pp.279-282
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    • 2002
  • Oryzalexine A, a potent growth inhibitor against several weeds such as Digitaria sanguinalis (L) Scop., and Amaranthus lividus L. was purified by conventional solvent partitioning and column chromatographies. This substance showed strong inhibitory activity on several weeds: Germination of seeds of Poa annua L. was inhibited by 36.5 % at 1.0 mM and Amaranthus lividus L. by 56.1% at 2.5mM. Growth of root and shoot of Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. by 10.2% and 22.4% at 2.5mM, respectively. These suggest that Oryzalexine A in rice straw might affect the germination and growth of susceptible weeds and other plants.

Spinoside, New Coumaroyl Flavone Glycoside from Amaranthus spinosus

  • Azhar-ul-Haq,;Malik, Abdul;Khan, Anwar-ul-Haq Sher Bahadar;Shah, Muhammad Raza;Muhammad, Pir
    • Archives of Pharmacal Research
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    • v.27 no.12
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    • pp.1216-1219
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    • 2004
  • Spinoside, new coumaroyl flavone glycoside was isolated from the n-butanol fraction of the mathanolic extract of the whole plant of Amaranthus spinosus and assigned the structure 7-pcoumaroyl apigenin 4-O-${\beta}$ -D-glucopyranoside (1) on the basis of spectroscopic techniques including 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy. In addition ${\alpha}$ - xylofuranosyl uracil (2), ${\beta}$ -D-ribofuranosyl adenine (3) and ${\beta}$ -sitosterol glucoside (4) have also been isolated for the first time from this species.

Isolation and Identification of Antimicrobial Compound from Amarantus lividus (참비름 추출물에서 항균성 물질의 분리 및 동정)

  • Oh, Young-Sook;Lee, Shin-Ho
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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    • v.33 no.2
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    • pp.123-129
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    • 2005
  • Isolation and identification of pathogens from slaughter and meat processing plant were investigated. Antimicrobial activity of Amaranthus lividus against isolated pathogens such as Aeromonas sobria, Escherichia coli, Escherichia coli O157, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella spp., and Staphylococcus aureus was investigated. Among the chloroform, ethyl acetate and buthanol fraction of amaranthus lividus showed inhibitory effect against Aeromonas sobria CLFM1 and Escherichia coli CLFM2. Antimicrobial substance in chloroform fraction was isolated by silica gel adsorption column chromatography, sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and silica gel partition column chromatography. The antimicrobial compound of amaranthus lividus was identified as diethyl phtalate by HPLC, GC-MS, H-NMR and C-NMR.

Yield and Quality of pseadocereals Buckwheat(Fagopyrum esculentum Moench), Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.), Amaranth(Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.${\times}$A. hybridus L.) as influenced by cultivation in comparison to cereal oats(Avena sativa L.) I. Growth, yield and problems of cultivation (재배기술에 따른 유사 화곡류인 메밀(Fagopyrum esculentum Moench), Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd), Amaranth(Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.${\times}$A. hybridus L.) 와 화곡류인 귀리(Avena sativa L.)의 수량 및 품질 비교연구 I. 생육, 수량 및 재배상의 문제점)

  • Lee J. H.;Kim K. J.;Aufhammer W.
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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    • 1995.10a
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    • pp.28-29
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    • 1995
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Yield and Quality of Pseadocereals Buckwheat(Fagopyrum esculentum Moench), Quinoa (Chenopodium qunioa Willd), Amaranth(Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.${\times}$A. hybridus L.) as influenced by cultivation in comparison to cereal oats(Avena sativa L.) II. Comparison of grain quality (재배기술에 따른 유사 화곡류인 메밀(Fagopyrum esculentum Moench), Quinoa (Chenopodium qunioa Willd), Amaranth(Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.${\times}$A. hybridus L.) 와 화곡류인 귀리(Avena sativa L.)의 수량 및 품질 비교연구 II. 종실의 품질비교)

  • Lee J. H.;Kim K. S.;Aufhammer W.
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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    • 1995.10a
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    • pp.30-31
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    • 1995
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Effects of Simulated Acid Rain on Growth, Pigments and Leaf Surface Morphology of the Seedlings of Amaranthus tricolor L. (인공산성(人工酸性)비 처리(處理)가 색비름(Amaranthus tricolor L.) 유식물(幼植物)의 생장(生長) , 색소(色素) 및 엽표면형태(葉表面形態)에 미치는 영향(影響))

  • Kim, Jung-Sook;Lee, Jae-Seog
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.175-182
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    • 1994
  • The experiment was performed to investigate the effects of simulated acid rain of several pH levels (2.0, 3.0, 4.0, and 5.0) on growth, injury, pigment compositions and leaf surface morphology of the seedlings of Amaranthus tricolor L. by foliar application. The growth of the tops and roots was markedly retarded below pH 3.0 and speck spots appeared on the leaf. Seven different peaks were detected by the absorption spectra of pigments of the leaf. But cv. Early splendor did not show the peaks at 473nm and 535nm, and nor did cv. Tricolor show the peaks at 476nm and 546nm. The pigment composition of leaves was affected by strong acid rain. As pH levels decreased, chlorophyll content increased. Leaf surface was eroded by acid rain, and leaf surface tissues were broken down and collapsed at the lower pH levels.

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Histopathological Observations of the Natural Case and Experimental Occurence of Perirenal Edema in Pig (돼지의 Perirenal Edema의 자연발생예(自然發生例)와 실험적발생예(實驗的發生例)의 병리학적소견(病理學的所見))

  • Cho, Sung-whan;Lee, Cha-soo
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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    • v.24 no.2
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    • pp.173-181
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    • 1984
  • This paper dealt with the histopathological observations of the perirenal edema in pigs and rabbits administered with Amaranthus retroflexus, based on the clinical and pathological observations of the porcine perirenal edema naturally occurred in Korea. The results observed are summarized as follows; In the natural case, clinical signs were trembling, weakness and incoordination of the hindquarters, followed by sternal recumbency, coma and death. Death usually occurred within 24 hours after the signs of illness appeared. In gross findings, the grayish yellow fluid in the perirenal area was observed in each case. In some cases, the amount of fluid in the thoracic and abdominal cavities was increased and the yellowish red color of the hydrothorax and ascites was seen. When the renal capsule was incised, the kidneys were enlarged and congested and petechiae on the cortical surface and blood clots on the capsule appeared. In microscopical findings, there were cloudy swelling, hyaline droplets and necrosis of the convoluted tubules containing proteinaceous casts and a few oxalate crystals. In addition, interstitial and perivascular edema, distention of the Bowman's space and the convluted tubules and hemorrhages were recognized. In the weanling pigs and the adult pig fed various weeds, including Amaranthus retroflexus, Euxolus blitum and Portulaca oleracea, the pigs fed Amaranthus retroflexus appeared clinical signs and pathological findings of perirenal edema usually seen in the pigs of natural cases. In the pigs fed Euxolus blitum or fed Portulaca oleracea, neither clinical signs nor pathological changes were seen. It was regarded that this disease was affected with Amaranthus retroflexus, but there was no sensitivity in the adult pigs.

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Expression of AmA1 Gene Encoding Storage Protein of Amaranthus in Transgenic Tobacco (형질전환 담배에서 Amaranthus 저장단백질인 AmA1 유전자의 발현)

  • 김태금;김영숙;권태호
    • Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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    • v.27 no.3
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    • pp.169-173
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    • 2000
  • A 1,183bp cDNA, AmA1, encoding the seed storage protein of Amaranthus hypochondriacus was isolated by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and characterized. AmA1 gene was subcloned into plant binary vector under Cauliflower Mosaic Virus (CaMV) 35S promoter and nopaline synthase terminator (3'NOS). The recombinant binary vector was used to transform Nicotiana tabacum using Agrobacterium tumefacien -mediated transformation procedure. Shoots were induced on MS medium with 0.1 mg/L NAA, 1.0 mg/L BA, 100 mg/L kanamycin and 250 mg/L cefotaxime. Transgenic plants were selected on rooting medium based on MS medium containing 200 mg/L kanamycin and 250 mg/L cefotaxime without phytoregulators. The presence of AmA1 gene in the transgenic plants was confirmed by PCR followed by DNA hybridization. The expression of AmA1 gene in the transgenic plant was observed by RT-PCR method.

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