• The Magazine of the IEIE
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.92-105
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• 1995

각 분야에서 고화질 고해상도의 Flat Panel Display(FPD)에 대한 요구가 급증하고 있으며, FPD 소자들도 다양하다. FPD를 위한 구동방식은 근본적으로 matrix addroessing 방식을 사용하지만 FPD 소자의 동작 원리, 특성, 구동상의 문제점 등에 따라서 구동방식도 매우 다양하다. 다양한 FPD 소자들이 구동 방식과 구동회로를 다 살펴볼 수 없으므로 본고에서는 FPD소자인 PDP, EL, LED, EC, LCD, DMD, AMA, GLV, FED 등의 동작 원리를 설명하고, 이 소자들 중에서 AMLCD와 dc-PDP 소자의 구동방식과 구동회로에 대하여 논의한다. AMLCD의 구동방식으로는 펄스 구동 방식과 용량 구동 방식을 살펴보고, AMLCD의 문제점들을 극복할 수 있는 방법들을 설명한다. dc-PDP의 구동 방법인 pulse-memory 구동방식과 새로운 pulse-memory 구동 방식을 살펴보았다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.48-48
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• 2004

• Proceedings of the Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.49-49
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• 2004

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.13 no.1 s.54
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• pp.1-9
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• 2006

분말야금제품의 $90\%$를 점하는 소결기계부품의 기술동향에 대해서 주요한 재료기술과 제조기술에 초점을 두고, 고강도 혹은 고정도라고 하는 시장의 요구에 대응한 신소결재료의 개발 및 고밀도 혹은 복잡형상에 대응하는 온간성형이나 확산접합등에 관한 제조기술에 대해서 개설했다.

• 전기의세계
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• v.45 no.9
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• pp.37-41
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• 1996

MEMS 기술에 의해 개발되고 있는 많은 제품들 가운데 가장 잠재력 있고 큰 시장을 가진 대형 projector의 개발은 핵심 chip이 현재 DMD(Digital Micromirror Device), AMA(Actuated Mirror Array), 그리고 GLV(Grating Light Valve) 방식으로 진행되고 있으며 TI사가 개발 중인 DMD projector가 상품화에 근접해 있으며 고화질의 시제품을 SID(Society for Information Display) 국제 전시회에 출품하여 전세계 연구원들의 이목을 끌었으며 앞으로 어떻게 수율을 높이고 광학계의 단순화를 이루어 제작비를 낮추는 가가 관심의 초점이다. MEMS 연구를 하는 한 사람으로서의 사견으로도 이 제품이 성공하여야 범세계적으로 일어나고 있는 MEMS 기술이 더욱 확실한 신기술로서의 지위를 갖고 연구되리라 믿는다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.171-176
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• 2001

Western blot analysis was performed to diagnose vivax malaria using stage-specific recombinant antigens. Genomic DNA from the whole blood of a malaria patient was used as templates to amplify the coding regions for the antigenic domains of circumsporozoite protein (CSP-1), meroxoite surface protein (MSP-1), apical merozoite antigen (AMA- 1), serine repeat antigen (SERA), and exported antigen (EXP- 1) of Plasmodium vivax. Each amplified DNA fragment was inserted into a pGEX-4T plasmid to induce the expression of GST fusion protein in Escherichia coli by IPTG. The bacterial cell extracts were separated on 10% SDS-PAGE followed by western blot analysis with patient sera which was confirmed by blood smear examination. When applied with patient sera, 147 (91.9%) out of 160 vivax malaria, 12 (92.3%) out of 13 falciparum malaria, and all 9 vivax/falciparum mixed malaria reacted with at least one antigen, while no reactions occurred with 20 normal uninfected sera. In the case of vivax malaria, CSP-1 reacted with 128 (80.0%) sera, MSP-1 with 102 (63.8%), AMA-1 with 128 (80.0%), SERA with 115 (71.9%), and EXP-1 with 89 (55.6%), respectively. We obtained higher detection rates when using S antigens (91.9%) rather than using each antigen solely (55.6 - 80%), a combination of 2 (76.3 - 87.5%), 3 (85.6 - 90.6%), or 4 antigens (89.4 - 91.3%). This method can be applied to serological diagnosis, mass screening in endemic regions, or safety test in transfusion of prevalent vivax malaria.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.123-127
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• 2011

Purpose: Kawasaki disease (KD) is the main cause of acquired heart disease in children. In addition to cardiovascular involvement, many complications have been recognized in KD. However, respiratory complications have been rarely reported. We investigated the differences in clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, radiography findings, and echocardiography findings of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection and other types of pneumonia in KD patients. Methods: Among 358 patients with KD, 54 developed concurrent pneumonia. Among the 54 patients, 12 (22.2%) with high titers of anti-M. pneumoniae antibody (AMA) (>1:640) were grouped in the M. pneumoniae group and 42 were included in the control group. Serum AMA was measured in each patient. Clinical laboratory findings and total duration of fever were analyzed. Results: The duration of fever, serum hemoglobin, white blood cell count, platelet count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein level, albumin level, and the incidence of coronary arterial lesions showed no statistical difference in the 2 groups. Neutrophil count was significantly higher in the M. pneumoniae group than in the control group. Among various radiography findings observed in pneumonia, consolidation and pleural effusion were more frequent in the M. pneumoniae group than in the control group. On the other hand, parahilar peribronchial opacification, diffuse interstitial lesion, and normal findings prevailed in the control group. Conclusion: KD patients can have concurrent infections, especially pulmonary symptoms. The cause of KD is likely to be associated with M. pneumoniae infection. Thus, immediate treatment of M. pneumoniae infection in KD patients is very important.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.230-237
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• 2007

The fabrication of Fe alloy-40 wt.%TiC composite materials using spark plasma sintering process after ball-milling was studied. Raw powders to fabricate Fe alloy-TiC composite were Fe alloy, $TiH_{2}$ and activated carbon. Fe alloy powder was Distaloy AE (4%Ni-1%Cu-0.5%Mo-0.01%C-bal.%Fe) made by Hoeganes company with better toughness and lower melting point. These powders were ball-milled in horizontal attrition ball mill at a ball-to-powder weight ratio of 30 : 1. After that, these mixture powders were sintered by using spark plasma sintering apparatus for 5 min at $1200-1275^{\circ}C$ in vacuum atmosphere under $10^{-3}$ torr. DistaloyAE-40 wt.%TiC composite was directly synthesized by dehydrogenation and carburization reaction during sintering process. The phase transformation of as-milled powders and sintered materials was confirmed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The density and harness materials was measured in order to confirm the densification behavior. In case of DistaloyAE-40 wt.%TiC composite retained for 5 min at $1275^{\circ}C$, it has the relative density of about 96% through the influence of rapid densification and fine TiC particle reinforced Fe-based composites materials.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.93-99
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• 2022

The present study was performed to compare cranial tibial wedge osteotomy (CTWO) and tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) through radiographic evaluation. The experiment was conducted with five cadaver dogs [mean (± SD) weight, 32.9 ± 4.1 kg; mean (± SD) age, 6 ± 2 years; three males and two females] euthanized for reasons unrelated to this study. The cadaver dogs consisted of German Shepherd (n = 3), Belgian Malinois (n = 1), and mixed breed (n = 1). CTWO and TPLO were carried out by the standard surgical method. Radiographic evaluation was performed by comparing several factors, including the flexion and extension angles, the anatomical mechanical axis angle (AMA-angle), tibial length, patellar height measurement using the Labelle-Laurin method, mechanical medial proximal tibial angle (mMPTA), mechanical medial distal tibial angle (mMDTA), and frontal plane alignment (FPA). Both the CTWO and the TPLO groups showed significantly increased flexion angles after surgery. Only the CTWO group had significantly increased extension angle. Although both groups showed significant decreases in the AMA-angle, the mechanical axis moved cranially against the anatomical axis only in the CTWO group. The patellar height was significantly lowered in the CTWO group. No significant differences were found in mMPTA, mMDTA, or FPA. In conclusion, radiographic comparison revealed more changes in CTWO group than in TPLO group.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.73-82
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• 2011

Basel II advanced measurement approaches for operational risk need to estimate the frequency and severity distribution of operational losses. Due to lack of internal loss data, the estimation is impossible in many cases and so external loss data might be used by scaling on asset or gross income. To get around lack of loss data, scenario analysis combined with loss distribution approach can be useful in calculating the capital charge of operational risk. However, scenario based loss distribution approach requires much time and effort. Instead we may apply the analytic hierarchy process to measure operational risk of financial institutions. The analytic hierarchy process combined with loss distribution approach is to estimate the capital charge of operational risk in other areas based on the operational VaR in an area with sufficient loss data. AHP provides a tool for timely measurement of operational risk in this rapidly changing global environment.