• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.575-594
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• 2015

This purposed of this study was to investigate the effect of empathy on social justice commitment from a social-cognitive perspective. Specifically, we examined how cognitive and affective empathy affect social justice commitment through social justice self-efficacy, social justice outcome expectation, and social justice interest which represent a social-cognitive path of behavior. Based on the self-report survey sample of 537 people in their twenties, we first controlled social desirability, and then analyzed the measurement and structure model using Structure Estimate Modeling(SEM). As a result, it turned out that both cognitive and affective empathy indirectly affected social justice commitment through the path of the social-cognitive model. However, affective empathy had a larger effect size compared to cognitive empathy. Results suggest that empathy competence has an effect on not only general altruistic behavior as known before but also social justice behavior which include the value of equality and anti-discrimination. Finally, ways for facilitating social justice commitment in terms of cognitive and affective empathy were suggested.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.10 no.12
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• pp.35-43
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• 2012

Purpose - This study analyzes the effects of types of leadership on the employees of Italian restaurants, its efficacy, and organizational citizenship behavior, utilizing a causal assessment model. In this study, independent variables such as the type of leadership perceived in the manager or chef by an Italian restaurant's employees, and its efficacy were parameters, and the organizational citizenship behavior and organizational effectiveness were the variables representing the results in the hypothesis. The study aimed to draw implications by verifying the leadership via efficacy and the impact on organizational citizenship behavior of Italian restaurants. Research design, data, methodology - For the purpose of this analysis, specific questionnaire items were configured according to the theory and efficacy of the study. From a questionnaire used in organizational citizenship behavior comprising 22 questions, six were modified to suit the research purpose of this study. The configured questionnaire comprised 5 parts and 40 items. A Likert (Likert) 5-point scale was utilized to measure responses to the questionnaire items from the employees of an Italian restaurant in Seoul who participated in the survey. For data collection, 400 questionnaires were distributed, and 344 collected. Factor analysis and reliability verification were conducted using SPSS18.0 and AMOS18.0. A covariance structure analysis was conducted to test the research hypotheses. Results - Based on the results of the analyses, the summary and suggested implications of the research are as follows: The covariance structure analysis used to analyze the kind of effect transformational and transactional leadership styles in Italian restaurant employees had on self-efficacy, group-efficacy, and organizational citizenship behavior, indicated that among the characteristics of transformational leadership (such as, idealized influence, inspirational motivation, individual consideration, and intellectual stimulation), idealized influence and individual consideration had a positive influence on self-efficacy. Idealized influence, individual consideration, conditional reward, and management by exception also positively influenced self-efficacy and altruistic and conscientious behavior (organizational citizenship behavior). Conclusions - Results suggest that with regard to self-efficacy and group efficacy, managers in different departments and chefs should provide team members with a vision for the future, increase their confidence in their abilities, and build their trust in the organization. By evaluating employee performance and experiences, management can demonstrate leadership and encourage organizational citizenship behavior through enjoyable, voluntary participation. Transformational and transactional leadership is effective in group processes that include social-exchange relationships, self-efficacy and group efficacy, and organizational citizenship behavior. However, as this research study utilizes only self-reported data, it has several limitations, such as a vulnerability of errors caused by the various experiment types. A significant limitation of this study is the lack of potential for the duplication of results. The covariance structure analysis, however, provides complementation to limit the impact of errors from self-reporting studies. A future study can extend this research by utilizing different data collection methods.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.1-19
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• 2016

With various success stories of crowdfunding, government's establishment of crowdfunding act, and expected rapid growth of crowdfunding market, the potential ripple effect of crowdfunding on our society is anticipated to be enormous. This study investigates the influential factors and their impacts on the likelihood of project success in donation-based crowdfunding through the DonorsChoose case. The authors analyze the characteristics of project creator, characteristics of project, and behaviors of project participants in relation to the success or failure of the corresponding project. Consequently, the authors found that participants of donation-based crowdfunding exhibit altruistic behaviors and obtained the following specific results: First, donation participation and social capital of the project creator, and marginal help utility of receivers positively affect the success of project. Second, experience of past project creation of the project creator negatively affects the success of project. Third, past donations of the project creator to others' projects, when not appropriately signaled like on the DonorsChoose platform, may not exert a positive influence on the success of project and the reciprocity principle may not work.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.527-541
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• 2020

Consumers' favorable attitude toward ethical brands, and the rise of ethical consumers, is a recent global trend. Nevertheless, prior studies have emerged that favoring ethical products does not necessarily lead to consumers' purchase. Focusing on this, authors attempted to explore what perceptions of the brand lead to purchase behavior. Three experiments were conducted for this purpose. Results are as follows. First, even in ethical products, consumers choose the product when it is perceived as more ethical. This tendency has been shown for both eco-friendly type and donation type products. Second, when there was no noticeable difference in ethicality, ethical consumers consider brand reputation as an important factor in choice. Third, results remains regardless of consumer individual characteristics (consumer altruism, conspicuousness). Note that, unexpectedly, the underdog effect was not observed among altruistic consumers. Several implications, limitations of research, and suggestions for future research were discussed.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.189-208
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• 2014

This research is on the relationship among organizational communication and organizational citizenship behavior focused on the moderating effect of transformational leadership. The objective of this research is to conduct positive verification of organizational communication impacting on organizational citizenship behavior. Also, to perform positive verification on moderating effect of transformational leadership. The variables are downward communication, upward communication, unofficial communication, organizational citizenship behavior including participatory actions, altruistic behavior, mindful behaviors, and transformational leadership. It was verified on survey of 232 peoples. The verification and analysis results will be provided to impact of organizational communication on organizational citizenship behavior, the downward communication impacts all elements of citizens' behaviors, and upward communication impacts of participatory actions. On the other hand, the unofficial communication did not impact at all. Moreover the results of moderating effect of transformational leadership. The transformational leadership act as moderator in downward, upward communications. but did not act as a moderator on the unofficial communication. The research suggests to use transformational leaderships to commanders and leaderships at military organizations to put efforts on active communication in order to manage unit more effectively and efficiently and to make members of organization to voluntarily. It is assessed that this paper will serve as a reference to whoever in military reform group or organization working for military developments working for creating elite forces.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.505-526
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• 2012

The purpose of this research is to investigate changes in ethical consumption practices after taking an undergraduate course 'Consumption and Ethics'. Through Qualitative & Quantitative research methods, students' pre-course and post-course attitudes were compared to understand changes in behavior. Before taking the course 'Consumption and Ethics', undergraduate participants displayed little regard for ethical consumption, instead displaying primary sensitivity to price and values based on self-centered and conspicuous consumption. After taking the course 'Consumption and Ethics', participants displayed a more altruistic awareness of consumption on society and the environment. In addition, participants displayed a stronger sense of pride as ethical consumer. These emerging values were contrasted with conflicting feelings resulting from the higher prices often associated with ethical products, feelings of regret resulting from ethically-based impulse purchases, and an inability to categorically evaluate the reliability of available information on the ethical products. However, participants demonstrated a willingness to practice ethical consumption and recommend ethical consumption to their friends and neighbors. Overall, participants in the study demonstrated a strong shift to be an ethical consumer as a result of taking the course 'Consumption and Ethics'.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.27 no.12
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• pp.293-301
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• 2022

Based on the VAM model of the consumer behavior research framework, combined with the altruistic variable of environmental awareness, this paper constructs a research model on the impact of perceived value, perceived risk and environmental awareness on purchase intention, and deeply analyzes the driving factors of perceived value and perceived risk. By collecting 612 valid questionnaires, data was analyzed by using SPSS 24.0 and AMOS 24.0, the results were concluded. Perceived usefulness, perceived entertainment, Technicality, and Energy Awareness all have a significant positive impact on the purchase intention of new energy vehicles; Perceived Fee has a negative impact on purchase intention. The results of this study can provide strategies for companies to improve marketing, reduce consumers' perceived risks, provide beneficial supplements to companies in promoting the environmental protection attributes of new energy vehicles and their own environmental protection efforts, and promote the balance of economic and environmental benefits.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.65-100
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• 2023

This study examines the effects of organizational trust of the container terminal operators' employee on organizational citizenship behavior and the moderating effect of organizational support in the relationship between the two variables. In order to efficiently achieve the purpose of this study, an empirical analysis was conducted by distributing a literature review and a questionnaire, and the results of the study are as follows... First, the organizational trust of the container terminal operators' employee was found to have a significant positive (+) effect on organizational citizenship behavior, and trust in the company appeared to be more important than trust in the superior, indicating trust in the institutional aspect. This means that formation has more influence on organizational citizenship behavior... Second, it was confirmed that the organizational support of the container terminal operators' employee can lead to active participation in organizational citizenship behavior through the expansion of educational compensatory support. Third, among the organizational support of container terminal operators, emotional support and educational compensatory support were found to have a partial moderating effect on the relationship between organizational trust and organizational citizenship behavior." Emotional support has a moderating effect on caring and active participation behaviors in the relationship between trust in the company and organizational citizenship behaviors, and a moderating effect on caring, active participation, and non-complaining behaviors in the relationship between trust in superiors and organizational citizenship behaviors. It was analyzed that there is Compensatory educational support has a moderating effect on altruistic, caring, active participation, and non-complaining behavior in the relationship between trust in the company and organizational citizenship behavior. It was analyzed that there was a moderating effect on active participation and non-complaining behavior. These analysis results mean that members' trust in the company further increases through the container terminal operator's emotional support and educational reward support. As uncertainty grows, it is very important to increase the trust of organizational members in the organization. sense of belonging to the organization, Emotional support that can increase immersion, improvement of work environment, provision of educational opportunities, and education-compensatory support such as a fair compensation system will increase organizational trust and induce effective organizational citizenship behavior to realize sustainable growth of the organization.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.91-116
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• 2016

Purpose Quality and quantity of knowledge in virtual communities is at the discretion of knowledge contributors, and understanding what motivates knowledge contributors' behavior can be invaluable. The purpose of this paper is to find the social aspect of knowledge contribution in virtual communities within the frame of self-determination theory. Also, we seek differential effects of motivation value for novice vs. expert knowledge contributors. Design/methodology/approach Reputation and altruistic motives are studied as antecedents of intrinsic and extrinsic values in contributing knowledge in virtual communities. Gained social connectedness and satisfaction in their knowledge were behaviors studied as dependents of the motivational value. Also, the proposed model was tested for group differences between expert and novice knowledge contributors seeking motivational changes. Self-determination theory is the base theory which explains how externally motivated behaviors can evolve from extrinsically motivated to intrinsic-like behavior with social experiences as knowledge contributors. Findings Analysis of 262 data points gathered from knowledge contributors in Korean virtual communities in 2005 reveals social connectedness as an important dependent variable both for novice and expert knowledge contributors. Group difference analysis shows altruism has negative influence on extrinsic value only for experts. Intrinsic value has a positive influence on satisfaction for both groups alike but the expert group shows a statistically stronger influence than the other.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.1437-1454
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• 2000

This study was designed to identify the attitudes of the people on organ donation and transplantation. The purpose of this study was to provide data to help inspire organ donation, and promote registration yield so donor candidates will have more favorable recipients through Q-methodology. A Q-sample was developed through a review of the literature and interviews. Thirty-three statements made up the final Q-sample. The P-sample consisted of twenty-eight subjects, excluding chronic organic disorder. The Q-sorts by each subject were coded and analyzed with the QUNAL computer program. The results were as follows: This study discovered five different types of organ donation and transplantation of twenty- eight subjects. Type I is 'utilitarian.' The people of this type consider human life very valuable and they recognize that organ transplantation is an affirmative medicine that should be performed to extend human life. They believe that are saving others' lives by donating organs. Type II is 'sardonist.' The people of this type approve of organ transplantation usefulness, but they have no intention of participating in the program because of it may trample on human rights. Type III is 'individualist.' The people of this type consider it proper for the activation of organ transplantation by the legal system. They believe that organ donation a valuable too, but needs support through social benefits to donors. Yet, they have not intention of doing what they propose. Type IV is 'familist.' The people of this type have strong attachments to life but they think that organ donation and transplantation should be done between within a family. Type IV is disposition of family intensive consideration rather than altruistic and utilitarianism. Type V is 'deontologist.' The people of this type recognize the benefits of transplantation, but have a negative opinion of activation. They worry about ethical and social problems occurring in the development of modern medicine. They believe that death is the only natural end to life, so they have strong negative opinions of euthanasia and brain death compared to other types. They regard transplantation to be a non-human behavior, because it involves a removing organs and breaking the boundary of death. The findings of this study are only preliminary and serve as a baseline to understanding the subjectivity of individuals on organ donation and transplantation. Therefore, the subjectivity of the five types will be applied to formulate the educational programs and public relations strategies for organ donation because the public's awareness toward organ donation is closely related to their values, beliefs, and attitudes.