• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.16-22
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• 1998

This paper addresses a method which can be used for analyzing thermal stresses of a functionally graded material(FGM) using semi-analytical approach. FGM is a nonhomogeneous material whose composition is changed continuously from a metal surface to a ceramic surface. An infinite one dimensional FGM plate is considered. The temperature distribution in the FGM is obtained by approximate Green's function solution. To expedite the convergence of the solutions, alternative Green's function solution is derived and shows good agreement with results from finite difference method. Thermal stresses are calculated using temperature distribution of the plate.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.79-82
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• 2013

The demand for complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is increasing worldwide. High-technology medicine is not always effective and is often accompanied by neglected self-care and high cost. Also, conventional medicine has become dependent on expensive technological solutions to health problems. Integrated medicine is not simply a synonym for complementary medicine. It involves the understanding of the interaction of the mind, body, and spirit and how to interpret this relationship in the dynamics of health and disease. Integrative medicine shifts the orientation of the medical practice from a disease-based approach to a healing-based approach. In South Korea, CAM education was first provided 20 years ago, and integrative medicine is becoming part of the current mainstream medicine. Increasing numbers of fellowships in integrative medicine are being offered in many academic health centers in the U.S. Also, it has emerged as a potential solution to the American healthcare crisis and chronic diseases, which are bankrupting the economy. It provides care that is patient-centered, healing-oriented, emphasizes the therapeutic relationship, and uses therapeutic approaches originating from conventional and alternative medicine.

• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.121-140
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• 2019

First, the purpose of this research is to review the Online Dispute Resolution (ODR) regulations in Korea to resolve disputes which can arise in international e-commerce in the near future. Second, this research tries to look for alternative solutions to dispute resolutions according to these regulations. Third, this research pursues to enhance the effectiveness of business deals by providing efficient and satisfactory dispute resolution methods for e-commerce business. Furthermore, this study evaluates the definition of global e-commerce by comparing Online Dispute Resolution (ODR) with Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR). Through analyzing the domestic ODR system and ADR system, this research could boost the employment of settlements in small-sized disputes through easy and convenient consumer access to both ODR and ADR procedures. The enhancement of the competitiveness of Korean companies in the global market is estimated to take place as a result. This research is estimated to provide benefits to our businesses both domestically and internationally by using ODR regulations and ADR methods. Moreover, this research is anticipated to verify usefulness in terms of consumer protection by advancing consumers' access to dispute solution authorities locally and abroad.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.1015-1019
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• 2012

The direct calculation method is generalized to the excited-state diffusion-influenced reversible reaction of a neutral and a charged particle under an external field with two different lifetimes and quenching in three dimensions. The present method provides an alternative way to calculate the binding probability density functions and the survival probabilities from the corresponding irreversible results. The solutions are obtained as the series solutions by the diagonal approximation due to the anisotropy of the unidirectional external field. The numerical results are found to be in good agreement with those of the previous study [S. Y. Reigh et al. J. Chem. Phys. 132, 164112 (2010)] within a weak field limit. The solutions of two approaches show qualitatively the same overall behavior including the power laws at long times.

• 한국국방경영분석학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.117-129
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• 1998

This study is concerned with developing a heuristic for a web-based vehicle routing problem using mixed genetic algorithm(VRPMGA) which determines each vehicle route in order to minimize the transportation costs, subject to meeting the demands of all delivery points. VRP is known to be NP-hard, and it needs a lot of computing time to get the optimal solution, so that heuristics are more frequently developed than optimal algorithms. This study aims to develop a mixed genetic algorithm by partitioned strategy which can give a good solution in comparatively brief time. The good features of the VRPMGA are, fristly, the ability of early convergence and, secondly, the capability of producing multiple, alternative, and near-optimal solutions. The VRPMGA is a useful algorithm that can be appliable to VRP and TSP. Finally, the computational test were performed using the benchmark problems and the proposed heuristic is compared with the other existing algorithms (COSA). The result of computational tests shows that proposed heuristic gives good solutions, in much shorter time, which are same as the best known solutions in the pervious research.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제59권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2016

In this paper, an alternative analytical method is presented to evaluate the nonlinear vibration behavior of single and double tapered cantilever beams. The admissible lateral displacement function satisfying the geometric boundary conditions of a single or double tapered cantilever beam is derived by using Rayleigh-Ritz method. Based on the Lagrange method and the Newton Harmonic Balance (NHB) method, analytical approximate solutions in closed and explicit form are obtained. These approximate solutions show excellent agreement with those of numeric method for small as well as large amplitude. Moreover, due to brevity of expressions, the present analytical approximate solutions are convenient to investigate effects of various parameters on the large amplitude vibration response of tapered beams.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.3-26
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• 2008

대다수 국가에서 공공도서관은 공적 기관이며 민주주의 사회를 상징하는 아이콘이다. 그러므로 공공도서관은 공공성을 절대 가치로 삼아야 하며, 이윤을 추구하는 방향으로 관리되지 않아야 한다. 그럼에도 불구하고 최근에 많은 자치단체가 신축에 따른 예산부담이 가중됨에 따라 공공도서관의 운영관리를 위탁하고 있다. 이 방식을 적용하는 핵심논거는 비용절감, 서비스 제고, 자치단체의 강한 의지에 있지만, 국내에는 검증된 결과가 존재하지 않는다. 이에 본 연구는 공공도서관 위탁경영의 변용과 현주소를 살펴본 다음에 쟁점을 분석하고 해법을 제시하였다.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.143-152
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• 2003

본 논문은 3개의 강우관측망과 최적 강우관측망을 토대로 호우의 면적 평균강우량 산정용 섬진유역 강우관측망의 개량안을 제안했다. 강우관측망 설계문제는 면적평균강우량추정분산으로 나타내지는 정확도와 자료 수집비로 구성되는 목적함수를 최소화하는 것이다. 익히 알려진 분산경감법으로는 최소화 알고리즘인 SATS기법이 채용되었다. 첫 단계에서, 비용에 부과된 2개의 교환계수값에 따라 최적 관측망과 대안관측망이 얻어졌다. 다음 단계에서, 최적으로 선정된 우량국에 기존우량국이 인접해 있을 경우 그 기존국이 포함되는 준 최적관측망과 준 대안관측망을 제안했다.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.127-141
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• 2022

In this paper, a numerical procedure is proposed for achieving the minimum cost design of reinforced concrete polygonal column cross-sections under compression and biaxial bending. A methodology is developed to integrate the metaheuristic algorithm Quantum Particle Swarm Optimization (QPSO) with an algorithm for the evaluation of the strength of reinforced concrete cross-sections under combined axial load and biaxial bending, according to the design criteria of Brazilian Standard ABNT NBR 6118:2014. The objective function formulation takes into account the costs of concrete, reinforcement, and formwork. The cross-section dimensions, the number and diameter of rebar and the concrete strength are taken as discrete design variables. This methodology is applied to polygonal cross-sections, such as rectangular sections, rectangular hollow sections, and L-shaped cross-sections. To evaluate the efficiency of the methodology, the optimal solutions obtained were compared to results reported by other authors using conventional methods or alternative optimization techniques. An additional study investigates the effect on final costs for an alternative parametrization of rebar positioning on the cross-section. The proposed optimization method proved to be efficient in the search for optimal solutions, presenting consistent results that confirm the importance of using optimization techniques in the design of reinforced concrete structures.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.36-43
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 GPS 자료를 이용한 다중기선 처리 시 기선사이에 발생하는 공분산이 위치결정에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. GPS를 이용한 위치결정방법 중 일반적으로 이용되고 있는 측위방법인 정지측위에 대해 공분산의 영향을 분석하였으며 이를 위해 공분산이 적절히 고려된 다중기선 처리결과를 얻은 후 단일기선 처리 결과, 즉 기선사이에 공분산이 고려되지 않은 결과와의 위치정확도 차이를 비교 분석하였다. 정지측위의 경우 정확도 차이는 거의 없었으나 다중기선 처리가 기선별 공분산을 고려했을 때 보다 안정적인 위치정확도를 확보할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 일반적인 측량의 경우는 기선간의 자료처리를 통해 위치결정을 하여도 충분한 요구정확도를 확보할 수 있는 것으로 판단되나 기선간의 공분산을 고려하면 좀 더 안정적이고 정확한 결과를 얻을 수 있는 것으로 사료된다.