• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.89-95
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• 2003

Four-dimensional response surface methodology was used for monitoring the manufacturing characteristics of aloe gel-state food. The optimum conditions predicted for each corresponding sensory properties of aloe gel-state food were 87.38 mL (content of aloe juice), 0.16 g (content of konjac) and 0.19 g (content of carrageenan) in coloror of gel-state food, 83.84 mL, 0.17 g and 0.20 g in aroma of aloe gel-state food, 83.20 mL.0.15 g and 0.27 g taste of aloe gel-state food and 98.95 mL, 0.10 g and 0.23 g in texture of aloe gel-state food. Maximum chewiness of aloe gel-state food was in 113.05 mL aloe juice, 0.27 g konjac and 0.21 g carrageenan. The optimum conditions, which satisfied all sensory properties of gel-state food, were 88.23 mL, 0.15 g and 0.49 g in content of aloe juice, content of konjac and content of carrageenan, respectively.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.59-67
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• 2011

Background: Insulin resistance is an integral feature of metabolic syndromes, including obesity, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia. In this study, we evaluated whether the aloe component could reduce obesity-induced inflammation and the occurrence of metabolic disorders such as blood glucose and insulin resistance. Methods: Male C57BL/6 obese mice fed a high-fat diet for 54 days received a supplement of aloe formula (PAG, ALS, Aloe QDM, and Aloe QDM complex) or pioglitazone (PGZ) and were compared with unsupplemented controls (high-fat diet; HFD) or mice fed a regular diet (RD). RT-PCR and western blot analysis were used to quantify the expression of obesity-induced inflammation. Results: Aloe QDM lowered fasting blood glucose and plasma insulin compared with HFD. Obesity-induced inflammatory cytokine (IL-$1{\beta}$, -6, -12, TNF-${\alpha}$) and chemokine (CX3CL1, CCL5) mRNA and protein were decreased markedly, as was macrophage infiltration and hepatic triglycerides by Aloe QDM. At the same time, Aloe QDM decreased the mRNA and protein of $PPAR{\gamma}/LXR{\alpha}$ and $11{\beta}$-HSD1 both in the liver and WAT. Conclusion: Dietary aloe formula reduces obesity-induced glucose tolerance not only by suppressing inflammatory responses but also by inducing anti-inflammatory cytokines in the WAT and liver, both of which are important peripheral tissues affecting insulin resistance. The effect of Aloe QDM complex in the WAT and liver are related to its dual action on $PPAR{\gamma}$ and $11{\beta}$-HSD1 ression and its use as a nutritional intervention against T2D and obesity-related inflammation is suggested.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.183-188
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• 1996

For the scientific approaches and quality control of aloe wine as fundamental studies of industrialization and quality improvement, change of barbaloin content during the fermentation period and various characteristics of aloe wine were investigated. Alcohol of 6.35, 9.6%, and 11.3% in the 0.5% concentration of aloe powder was produced from 15%, 20%, and 25% addition of sugar in the wine mash, respectively, As the content of aloe powder is increased, production of alcohol was slightly decreased, indicating aloe powder might contain antimicrobial activity. The content of barbaloin in the 0.5% concentration of aloe powder was 4.2 mg/ml, 4.6 mg/ml and 2.21 mg/ml after 7, 10 and 30 day, respectively. The tasty characteristics of aloe wine brewed with aloe powder of 1.5% and 2.0% were most acceptable to the sensory panels.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.23-43
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• 2010

Objective : This study was performed to assess the effects of Aloe and Violae herba extracts on skin disease and skin beauty. Methods : Anti-oxidant effects were measured by the scavenging for DPPH radical, xanthine oxidase activity. Anti-inflammatory effects were examined by relations in NO synthesis, IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, TNF-$\alpha$, NF-kB, COX-2, MAP kinase. The skin wrinkle formation effects were measured by collagenase and elastase activities. The whitening effects were examined by tyrosinase activities, melanin synthesis in MNT-1 cell. Results : 1. In an anti-oxidant test, Aloe and Violae herba extracts showed high radical scavenging activity. 2. In an anti-inflammatory test, Aloe and Violae herba extracts strongly inhibited the lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced nitric oxide(NO) release from the RAW 246.7 macrophage cells. Aloe and Violae herba extracts also inhibited the LPS-induced IL-$1{\beta}$ and COX-2 expressions. The inhibitory effects of Aloe and Violae herba extracts on macrophage activation were via the inhibition of NF-kB, evidenced by transient transfection assay. Furthermore, Aloe and Violae herba extracts weakly inhibited the activation of Jun-N-terminal kinase(JNK) but they did not have any effects on p38 MAP kinase in RAW 264.7 cells. 3. In the skin wrinkle formation assay, Aloe extract strongly inhibited collagenase and elastase, whose activity are tightly related with the wrinkle formation. 4. In the skin whitening assay, Aloe and Viloae herba extracts weakly inhibited tyrosinase activity, however, it was not statistically significant. Besides they did not have any effects on melanin synthesis, indicating that they could not be applicable for skin whitening. Conclusion : This study show that Aloe and Violae herba extracts may play a significant role in skin disease and skin beauty.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.159-164
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• 1996

The antilipidperoxidative and hepatopreventive effects of Aloe water extract (30 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg) were investigated at the levels of liver-total homogenates and the sera of SDrats intoxicated with CCl4 (0.5 cc/100g) and 50% ethanol. We measured MDA (Malondialdehyde) in the liver homogenate, AST (L-Aspartate-2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase) and ALT(L-Alanine-2-oxo-glutraate aminotransferase) in the serum. The analysis of the measurement indicated that Aloe water extract reduced MDA, ALT and AST significantly and their reduction was in relation to dose dependence. In rat liver homogenate intoxicated with ethanol and CCl4, Aloe treatment group markedly inhibited lipidperoxidation by 30%∼70%. In rat serum intoxicated with ethanol and CCl4, Aloe treatment group inhibited AST, ALT by 40%∼90%. In these data Aloe may be used to inhibit or prevent the hapatic toxicity with results from the environmental and alcohlic factors through the further study of its exact antihepatotoxic mechanism.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.8-16
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• 1996

Effects of water extract of aloe vera on lead-induced neurotoxicity were investigated in sciatic nerve isolated from rat. The mechanism on toxicity reduction by measuring activities of axonal enzymes, metabolism of myo-inositol in nerve, lead concentration in several organs and so on were further examimed. In the lead-treated rats, the transport rate of axonal enzyme, such as acetyl cholinesterase and choline acetyltransferase, was reduced by from 50% to 30% respectively. Reduction in myo-inositol concentration and $Na^+/K^+$ ATPase activity were also observed in sciatic nerve from lead-treated rat. However, the aloe extract administration significantly eliminated the impairment and maintained myo-inositol concentration to about 85% of normal level. Also aloe extract promoted the excretion rate of lead which is accumulated in blood, sciatic nerve and kidney. These results suggest that lead-induced neurotoxicity was significantly reduced by administration of aloe extract and the mechanism might be partly increase in kidney excretion rate of lead and parity normalization of $Na^+/K^+$ ATPase activity which is critical factor in order to keep nerve maintaining normal myo-inositol level.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.329-332
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• 2006

Ethanolic extract of Aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis Miller) was examined for the cellular toxicity on HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Treatment with Aloe vera extract resulted in DNA fragmentation but not LDH release, suggesting an apoptosis instead of necrosis. Aloe vera induced cytotoxicity was mediated by decrease in ATP levels, whereas GSH depletion, increase in intracellular $Ca^{2+}$, or activation of caspase-3/7 could not be observed with statistical significance. No activation of caspase-3/7 suggests the possibility of caspase-independent apoptosis. Taken together, our results show that Aloe vera extract induce HepG2 apoptosis by ATP depletion-related impairment of mitochondria, which is caspase-independent.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.65-71
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• 1997

This study was carried out to purify and to characterize various bioactive material acemannan from Aloe vera. Purified acemannan was mannose (67%) and acetyl group (23%), and the rest of glucose was galactose that consists of long chain polydispered beta-(1, 4) linked mannan polymers. The sugar and acetyl group in the molecule were linked by molar ratio of 3 : 1. This polysaccharide from Aloe vera may provide functional flood and potential drug source with antiviral and immunomodulating properties.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.25 no.4 s.99
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• pp.307-310
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• 1994

A hitherto unknown substance was isolated from the commercial sample of Aloe arborescens, which was shown to be the 4',6'-O-ethylidene-aloenin, most likely an artifact caused by hot-air drying procedure for the product preparation.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.109-117
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• 1991

This experiment was carrid out to investigate whether Aloe arborescens had a radioprotective effect in cobalt-60 gamma irradiated(600 and 700ra4s) mice. The survival ratio of mice for 30 days and blood pictures were investigated. 1. The survival ratios of 600ra4s gamma Irradiated(dose rate 50rads/min.) in pre-irradiation aloe administered group(A), post-irradiation aloe administered group(B) and control group were 73.3%, 72.3% and 63.3%, and those of 700ra4s groups were 63.3%, 60.0% and 51.7%, respectively. 2. The total leucocyte counts of aloe administered groups were less decreased and more rapidly recovery to normal level than those of control group. 3. The lymphocyte counts were rapidly decreased on the 1st day after irradiation in all experimental groups than those of control group. 4. The recovery effects of total leucocyte counts of pre-irradiation aloe administered groups were superior to those of post-irradiation aloe groups and control group.