• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.55-59
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• 2001

To investigate the usefulness of Allium senescens as a aromatic edible plant, volatile flavor components and flavor pattern were analyzed. Essential oils of fresh and freeze dried Allium senescens were extracted by SDE(simultaneous steam distillation and extraction) method using diethyl ether as solvent. And their volatile flavor components were analyzed by gas chromatography(GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 46 components, including 11 hydrocarbons, 9 aldehydes, 4 alcohols, 2 esters, 7 acids, 4 ketones and 9 sulfur containing compounds were identified in fresh Allium senescens. In freeze dried Allium senescens, 8 hydrocarbons, 5 aldehydes, 3 alcohols, 5 esters, 2 acids, 3 ketones and 4 sulfur containing compounds were identified. Volatile flavor patterns of Chinese chive and Allium senescens were compared using electronic nose. The score of first principal component was significantly different in Allium senescens and Chinese chive.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.600-609
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• 2011

One hundred twenty two accessions of 6 species in genus Allium were collected throughout 5 regions of Korea. Their genetic relationship was investigated by using inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. The morphological analysis was measured for 6 quantitative and quantified for 1 qualitative trait. ISSR analysis obtained a total of 370 polymorphic bands by using seventeen primers. The cluster analysis of genus Allium based on morphological data could identify three groups. The accessions of Allium belonged to the Allium monanthum clustered into five groups at genetic distance ranging from 0.94 on the base of ISSR analysis. Correlation analysis between morphological and ISSR analysis showed low coefficient(r = 0.036). These markers are thought to be used in research of molecular markers for classification and cross breeding of Allium monanthum and A. grai.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.33 no.4 s.131
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• pp.384-388
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• 2002

The effects of the ethanol (EtOH)-extract of Allium wageki were studied on the changes of body weight (BW), systolic blood pressure (SBP), triacylglycerol (TG), cholesterol, and insulin levels in Sprague-Dawley rats in which high fructose feeding elicited hyperinsulinemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypertension. SBP and BW were measured for 7 weeks on the fructose diet, fructose/EtOH-extract, vehicle- treated, or vehicle/EtOH-treated rats. The EtOH-extract of Allium wageki blocked the increases of SBP ($119.4{\pm}3.7\;mmHg$ in fructose/EtOH-extract of Allium wageki; $141{\pm}4.3 \;mmHg$ in fructose diet, p<0.01) and BW ($368{\pm}11.4\;g$ in fructose/EtOH-extract of Allium wageki; $402{\pm}15.7\;g$ in fructose diet, p<0.05) by high fructose-diet. The increases of TG, total cholesterol, and insulin levels were also blocked by administration of EtOH-extract of Allium wageki in fructose-induced hypertensive rats. These results suggest that EtOH-extract of Allium wageki has protect effects on the increases of TG, total cholesterol, insulin level, and blood pressure in fructose-induced hypertensive rats.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.301-306
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• 2006

Physiological activities of Allium tuberosum and Allium senescens were examined. Nitrite-scavenging activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity and electron-donating ability (EDA) of leeks extracted with water, 50%, and 100% ethanol were measured. Nitrite-scavenging activities at pH 1.2 were most effective in water and 50% ethanol extracts from both samples. SOD-like activities of water and 50% ethanol extracts of both samples were $18.21{\sim}36.33%$ lower than those of 1 and 0.1% L-ascorbate solutions. SOD-like activities of A. tuberosum extracts were higher than those of A. senescens extracts, and water extracts of samples were the highest. EDAs of A. tuberosum extracts were higher ($30.59{\sim}49.68%$) than those of A. senescens extracts, while those of both extracts were lower than 1 and 0.1% L-ascorbate solutions. The results will be useful for understanding the physiological activities of leek extracts.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.141-146
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• 2021

Allium stenodon (Amaryllidaceae) is reported as a returning member of the Korean flora. This species proved to be the only member of the section Sikkimensia among Korean Allium species, and it is easily distinguished by its cylindrical bulbs with fibrous to sometimes subreticulate tunics and blue to purple-blue perianth. Previously recognized A. baekdusanense is treated as an additional synonym of A. stenodon. Photographs and complete descriptions of A. stenodon are provided together with a dichotomous key to the Korean Allium species. In addition A. stenodon is newly recorded in Jilin province in China.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.318-329
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal mixing ratio of Allium hookeri powder and butter in the preparation of bread. The experiment was designed according to the central composite design for estimating the response surface, which demonstrated 10 experimental points, including 2 replicates for Allium hookeri powder and butter. Further, the mechanical and sensory properties of test materials were measured. A canonical form and perturbation plot conveyed the influence of each ingredient on the final product mixture. Overall, the measurement results of the mechanical properties showed a significant increase or decrease in dough pH, sweetness, volume, weight, height, specific volume, a & b-value of crumb and, springiness (p<0.05). Moreover, the sensory measurements demonstrated a significant improvement in color, appearance, texture, moistness and, overall quality. As a result, the optimum formulation from the numerical and graphical methods was calculated as 22.65 g of Allium hookeri powder and 47.77 g butter. After optimization, DPPH free radical scavenging activity, total phenolic content, and total plate counts over 10 days were evaluated. In sum, the results revealed the antioxidant and antibiotic actions of bread with Allium hookeri powder.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.77-85
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• 2000

This study has demonstrated the molecular variation of 5S rRNA genes in 15 Allium subgenus Rhizirideum and 1 Allium subg. Allium. For cloning of the 5S rRNA genes, PCR products were obtained from amplification with oligonucleotide primers which were derived from the conserved coding region of 5S rRNA genes. These amplified PCR products were cloned and identified by FISH and sequence analysis. The 5S rRNA loci were primarily located on chromosomes 5 and/or 7 in diploid species and various chromosomes in alloploid species. The size of the coding region of 5S rRNA genes was 120 bp in all the species and the sequences were highly conserved within Allium species. The sizes of nontranscribed spacer (NTS) region were varied from 194 bp (A. dektiude-fustykisum, 2n=16) to 483 bp (A. sativum). Two kinds of NTS regions were observed in A. victorialis var. platyphyllum a diploid, A. wakegi an amphihaploid, A. sacculiferum, A. grayi, A. deltoide-fistulosum and A. wenescens all allotetraploids, while most diploid species showed only one NTS region. The species containing two components of NTS region were grouped with different diploid species in a phylogenetic tree analysis using the sequences of 5S rRNA genes and adjacent non-coding regions.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.43 no.12
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• pp.1808-1816
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• 2014

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant activities and anti-inflammatory effects of water and ethanolic extracts from Allium hookeri roots and leaves. Antioxidant activities of Allium hookeri extracts were determined based on various radical scavenging activities using an ESR spectrophotometer, ferric reducing antioxidant power, 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethybenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging activity, and oxygen radical absorbance capacity assays. In addition, we investigated anti-inflammatory effects of Allium hookeri extract on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 cells. We also explored the effects of extract from Allium hookeri root on suppression of pro-inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide (NO) and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-${\alpha}$ against LPS-induced activation of RAW264.7 cells. Our results demonstrated superior antioxidant activity for leaf extract of Allium hookeri compared to extract from root of Allium hookeri. On the other hand, root extract of Allium hookeri showed better anti-inflammatory activity compared to leaf extract. Our study suggests that Allium hookeri extract exhibits strong antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory effects and can be developed as a potential therapeutic candidate for diseases involving oxidative stress and inflammation.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.247-252
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• 2015

Three different Allium plants, including wild garlic (Allium monanthum Max; AMM), onion (Allium cepa L.; ACL) and green onion (Allium fistulosum L; AFL), have been widely used as spicy food in daily life. This study was attempted to investigate the properties of antioxidant, whitening and anti-wrinkle activities in water extracts in Allium plants. The antioxidant, whitening and anti-Wrinkle activities were evaluated by performing DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities, inhibitory effects on tyrosinase, and elastase, respectively. The water extract (10 mg/mL) of onion, wild garlic and green onion exhibited DPPH radical scavenging activities of 28.46%, 28.45%, and 15.91%, respectively. The inhibitory effects of tyrosinase activities by wild garlic, green onion, and onion were increased by heating the extracts at $90^{\circ}C$. Additionally, the wild garlic extract showed higher elastase inhibitory activity than those of other plant extracts. These results suggest that water extracts of Allium plants may be useful as potential sources of beauty foods due to higher antioxidant, anti-melanin and anti-wrinkle activities.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.625-633
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• 1996

Crude extracts of 4 Allium SPP. such as welsh onion, onion, chinese chives and garlic were purified by paper chromatography and these activities were bio-assayed with rice seedlings. The stem and leaf slices of Allium spp. were treated and rice seedlings were planted in the soil to know the effect of its application on rice growth. The weak acidic fraction of Allium SPP. enhanced the growth and rooting of rice seedlings and had greater activity in promoting than in inhibiting the growth on rice seedling. Elongation of the second leaf sheath of the rice seedlings were not influenced by the extracts of Allium SPP. The stem and leaf application 10 days before transplanting, increased the number of effective tiller remarkably. Especially, the application of 50~400g welsh onion and 50~200g onions increased the number of spikelets per panicle compared to standard fertilization. But, in application of larger amounts, the-death rate of the rice seedlings after transplanting was higher in the stem and leaf application 10 days before transplanting than the one applied on the transplanting day. In particular, treatments of chinese chives and garlic showed higher death rate than those of welsh onion or onion. The stem and leaf application of Allium SPP. resulted in high yield than standard fertilization.