• 제목/요약/키워드: All-to-all broadcasting

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매트릭스 하이퍼큐브의 일-대-다 방송과 다-대-다 방송 알고리즘 (One-to-All and All-to-all Broadcasting Algorithms of Matrix Hypercube)

  • 김종석;이형옥
    • 예술인문사회 융합 멀티미디어 논문지
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    • 제8권8호
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    • pp.825-834
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    • 2018
  • 방송은 상호연결망에서 사용되는 가장 기본적인 정보전달 기법으로 크게 일-대-다 방송과 다-대-다 방송으로 나눌 수 있다. 일-대-다 방송은 메시지를 갖고 있는 한 노드에서 다른 모든 노드로 메시지를 전송하는 것이고, 다-대-다 방송은 메시지를 갖고 있는 각각의 노드들이 다른 모든 노드들로 메시지를 전송하는 것이다. 그리고 단위 시간 당 전송 포트를 사용하는 방법에 따라 단일 포트 통신 방식(SLA)과 멀티 포트 통신 방식(MLA)으로 나눌 수 있다. 단일 포트 통신 방식은 단위 시간에 메시지를 가지고 있는 노드가 이웃한 다른 하나의 노드로만 메시지를 전송하는 것이고, 멀티 포트 통신 방식은 단위 시간에 메시지를 가지고 있는 노드가 이웃한 모든 노드로 메시지를 전송하는 것이다. 매트릭스 하이퍼큐브는 하이퍼큐브와 동일한 노드 개수를 가지면서 하이퍼큐브보다 망비용이 개선된 연결망이다. 본 논문에서는 매트릭스 하이퍼큐브의 방송 기법을 분석한다. 먼저 매트릭스 하이퍼큐브에서의 일-대-다 방송 알고리즘과 다-대-다 방송 알고리즘을 제안한다. 그리고 SLA 기법을 이용한 일-대-다 방송 시간이 2n+1임과 MLA 기법을 이용한 일-대-다 방송 시간이 $2{\lceil}{\frac{n}{2}}{\rceil}+1$임을 보인다. 또한 SLA 기법을 이용한 다-대-다 방송 시간이 $5{\times}2^{\frac{n}{2}}-2$(n=짝수), $5{\times}2^{\frac{n-1}{2}}+2$(n=홀수)임을 증명한다.

One-to-All Broadcasting of Odd Networks for One-Port and All-Port Models

  • Kim, Jong-Seok;Lee, Hyeong-Ok
    • ETRI Journal
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    • 제30권6호
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    • pp.856-858
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    • 2008
  • Odd networks were introduced in the context of graph theory. However, their potential as fault-tolerant multiprocessor networks has been shown. Broadcasting is one of the most important communication primitives used in multiprocessor networks. In this letter, we introduce efficient one-to-all broadcasting schemes of odd networks for one-port and all-port models. We show the broadcasting time of the former is 2d-2 and that of the latter is d-1. The total time steps taken by the proposed algorithms are optimal.

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One-to-All Broadcasting of Even Networks for One-Port and All-Port Models

  • Kim, Jong-Seok;Lee, Hyeong-Ok;Kim, Sung-Won
    • ETRI Journal
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    • 제31권3호
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    • pp.330-332
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    • 2009
  • Broadcasting is one of the most important communication primitives used in multiprocessor networks. In this letter, we demonstrate that the broadcasting algorithm proposed by Madabhushi and others is incorrect. We introduce efficient one-to-all broadcasting schemes of even networks for one-port and all-port models. The broadcasting time of the one-port model is 2d-3 and that of the all-port model is d-1. The total time steps taken by the proposed algorithms are optimal.

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One-to-All Broadcasting in Petersen-Torus Networks for SLA and MLA Models

  • Seo, Jung-Hyun;Lee, Hyeong-Ok
    • ETRI Journal
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    • 제31권3호
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    • pp.327-329
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    • 2009
  • In a network, broadcasting is the dissemination of a message from a source node holding a message to all the remaining nodes through a call. This letter proposes a one-to-all broadcasting algorithm in the Petersen-torus network PT(n, n) for the single-link-available and multiple-link-available models. A PT(n, n) is a regular network whose degree is 4 and number of nodes is $10n^2$, where the Petersen graph is set as a basic module, and the basic module is connected in the form of a torus. A broadcasting algorithm is developed using a divide-and-conquer technique, and the time complexity of the proposed algorithm approximates n+4, the diameter of PT(n, n), which is the lower bound of the time complexity of broadcasting.

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Digital Broadcasting Industry: Today and Tomorrow

  • 김국진
    • 한국방송∙미디어공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국방송공학회 2003년도 디지털방송기술워크샵
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    • pp.67-82
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    • 2003
  • . High potentiality of Digital broadcasting Industry . Low performance of digitalization policy ㆍSollen-Sein Gap makes a bad mood to the digital broadcasting industry . Fill up the gap with aggressive digital policy No stimuli, no move .But need understanding of throughput input isn't all. Digital is common language therefore all information market will be converged as soon as you can imagine

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Reflections on Sports for All Bodybuilding Participants and Doping

  • Sang-Hyun Lee
    • International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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    • 제15권3호
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    • pp.160-165
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    • 2023
  • Physical education bodybuilders compete by means of external appearance, and more and more people are starting bodybuilding with an interest in improving their individual constitution and diet. However, some of the bodybuilders in sports for life started using banned substances to show off their appearance or to expect good results in bodybuilding competitions. Prohibited drugs only have a short-term positive effect on the subject, and the seriousness of side effects was greater when taking the drug for a long time. An education program that can provide professional education and information on drugs to bodybuilding athletes for life sports should be preceded, and a system that can check regular health should be introduced if necessary. A periodic doping education program for bodybuilders for sport for life is needed to focus on the positive changes in bodybuilding through banned substances and to educate and understand the side effects and damage to life that occur later. Therefore, in order to prevent doping, it is essential to educate various aspects of doping, and it is required to expand the scope not only to elite athletes but also to participants as sports for all

유료방송서비스의 시장 획정과 제도 분석 (Market Definition and System Analysis of Paid Broadcasting Services)

  • 이수일
    • KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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    • 제32권3호
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    • pp.101-137
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    • 2010
  • 본 논문은 유료방송서비스를 대상으로 경쟁법의 시장 획정 원리를 이용하여 상품별 관련시장을 실증적으로 획정하고, 시장 획정과정에서 확인된 상품 간 경쟁관계를 토대로 하여 현행 제도의 타당성을 분석하고 개선방안을 제시하였다. 임계매출손실률 검정법을 적용하여 각각의 유료방송서비스별로 관련시장을 획정한 결과, 현재 시장에서는 모든 유료방송서비스 또는 적어도 아날로그케이블방송, 디지털케이블방송, IPTV 간에 경쟁법적으로 유의미한 경쟁관계가 형성되어 있음을 확인하였다. 이러한 분석 결과는 현재 종합유선방송(위성방송)과 IPTV에 상이하게 적용되는 규제들이 규제차별임을 의미한다. 특히 IPTV만을 독립된 시장으로 획정하는 것으로 해석되는 인터넷멀티미디어방송사업법 제20조는 플랫폼사업자 간 경쟁 활성화와 공정경쟁을 훼손할 여지가 크므로, 콘텐츠 동등접근의 대상 플랫폼사업자를 종합유선방송(위성방송), IPTV로 확대할 필요가 있다. 또한 콘텐츠 동등접근의 의무가 부과되는 주요 방송프로그램의 지정과 관련하여 지상파계열 PP와 독립 PP가 제공하는 인기 유료방송채널은 플랫폼사업자 간 경쟁 활성화 차원에서 주요 방송프로그램에 포함되어야 함을 주장하였다. 마지막으로 플랫폼사업자에 대한 시장점유율 규제는 경쟁관계가 형성되어 있는 사업자들의 전체 가입자 수를 기준으로 동일한 상한을 설정하는 것이 타당함을 보였다.

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비대칭 쌍방향 전자 책 출판 TV전송 시스템 구성에 관한 연구 (A Study on Asymmetrical Interactive e-Book Publication Composition by Using DTV Broadcasting)

  • 강명구;진용옥
    • 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국해양정보통신학회 2001년도 춘계종합학술대회
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    • pp.201-208
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    • 2001
  • In the 21 st century, broadcasting, communication, and computer have been integrated due to the development of digital technology. Accordingly, to overcome the limit of respective communication media and to maintain them, their independent area shall not be classified. This study is to examine the future environment of digital TV broadcasting, to analyze customizing type service and interactive type TV technology, and to make asymmetric interactive digital TV publication broadcasting system, which is TV broadcasting in the next generation to treat visual image, sound, and various data all together by harmonizing broadcasting and communication like ISDB(Integrate Service Digital Broadcasting). In addition, to develop service on publication broadcasting with high quality, this study is tn propose to develop relative devices for TV/PC reception to realize a new communication type TV publication broadcasting, by analyzing technology for producing, sending, transmitting, receiving, and saving to apply to customizing type interactive system and by examining its application.

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A Study on the Effects of All-in-one Automatic Fire Shutters Installed in High School on Evacuation Time

  • Lee, Soon Beom;Kong, Ha Sung;Lee, Jai Young
    • International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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    • 제14권3호
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    • pp.182-192
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    • 2022
  • This study analyzed the effects of the all-in-one automatic fire shutter (hereinafter referred to as "all-in-one shutter") installed along the fire compartment in a five-story high school building on the evacuation time by using the Pathfinder simulation program. When the all-in-one shutter was added as a new variable, the evacuation time was delayed, indicating insufficient evacuation safety. The evacuation time exceeded the appropriate standard when the evacuation exit was designated to the students in the present state of being placed on the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th floors and the all-in-one shutter was activated. When students were placed on the 1st, 2nd and 3rd floors under the same conditions, the evacuation time was also greatly exceeded. However, when the width of the entrance was set to 130cm, the evacuation time was almost the same as when the all-in-one shutter was not installed. In high-rise school buildings, the bottleneck caused by all-in-one shutters is becoming a major factor in evacuation barriers. To ensure the evacuation safety of school buildings, it has been judged that evacuation education and training to predict the evacuation time required through the all-in-one shutter entrance and induce an evacuation procedure suitable for the standard evacuation time should be carried out in parallel. The implications of this study and suggestions for effective fire compartments and follow-up studies were discussed.

Smart TV 상황 인지형 Beacon서비스 연구 (A Study on Context-aware Beacon Services Connecting Smart TV)

  • 남강현
    • 한국전자통신학회논문지
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    • 제11권5호
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    • pp.499-504
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    • 2016
  • 본 서비스는 스마트폰 앱을 통해서 그리고 아시아 문화전당에서 외국인의 언어로 방송내용을 들을 수 있는 목적을 가진다. 본 논문은 비콘의 신호로 외국인을 인식하는 방법을 설명하고 IoT 게이트웨이는 AllJoyn 프로토콜 접속 기능을 사용하여 선택된 외국인 언어로 음성서비스를 제공한다. IoT 서비스 플랫폼은 외국인의 인식자 관련 등록 받아들여서, 모든 장치들로 메시지들을 보내고, 그것들은 모든 IoT 게이트웨이들이고, IoT 게이트웨이는 외국인의 스마트폰 앱에 연결되어서 방송내용들을 들을 수 있다. 만일 외국인이 비콘의 관리 거리를 벗어난다면, 음성 앱 서비스는 해제된다.