• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• 제53권5호
• /
• pp.565-569
• /
• 2015

Envisaging the role of Co in theranautics and biomedicine it is immensely important to evaluate its antimicrobial activity. Hence in this study CoO thin nanosheets (CoO-TNs) were synthesized using wet chemical solution method at a very low refluxing temperature ($90^{\circ}C$) and short time (60 min). Scanning electron microscopy of the grown structure revealed microflowers ($2{\sim}3{\mu}m$) composed of thin sheets petals (60~80 nm). The thickness of each individual grown sheet varies from 10~20 nm. Antimicrobial activities of CoO-TNs against two Gram positive bacteria (Micrococcus luteus, and Staphylococcus aureus), and two Gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) were determined. A 98% and 65% growth inhibition of M. luteus and S. aureus respectively, was observed with $500{\mu}g/ml$ of CoO-TNs compared to 39 and 34% growth inhibition of E. coli and P. aeruginosa, respectively with the same concentration of CoO-TNs. Hence, synthesized CoO-TNs exhibited antimicrobial activity against Gram negative bacteria and an invariably higher activity against tested Gram positive bacteria. Therefore, synthesized CoO-TNs are less prone to microbial infections.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• 제8권5호
• /
• pp.663-674
• /
• 2015

Many seismically vulnerable regions in India and worldwide are located on deep soil deposits which extend to several hundred meters of depth. It has been well recognized that the earthquake shaking is altered by geological conditions at the location of building. As seismic waves propagates through uppermost layers of soil and rock, these layers serve as filter and they can increase the duration and amplitude of earthquake motion within narrow frequency bands. The amplification of these waves is largely controlled by mechanical properties of these layers, which are function of their stiffness and damping. Stiffness and damping are further influenced by soil type and thickness. In the current study, an attempt has been made to study the seismic site response of deep soils. Three hypothetical homogeneous soil models (e.g., soft soil, medium soil and hard soil) lying on bedrock are considered. Depth of half space is varied from 30 m to 2,000 m in this study. Controlled synthetic motions are used as input base motion. One dimensional equivalent linear ground response analyses are carried out using a computer package DEEPSOIL. Conventional approach of analysing up to 30 m depth has been found to be inadequate for deep soil sites. PGA values are observed to be higher for deeper soil profiles as compared to shallow soil profiles indicating that deeper soil profiles are more prone to liquefaction and other related seismic hazards under earthquake ground shaking. The study recommends to deal the deeper soil sections more carefully for estimating the amplification factors for seismic hazard assessment at the surface.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.45-54
• /
• 2019

Background: Profound anesthesia with adequate duration is required in periodontal flap surgery, which involves the manipulation of both hard and soft tissues. The anterior middle superior alveolar (AMSA) injection may be an alternative to multiple injections required for this purpose in the maxilla. The present study aimed to assess the effectiveness of AMSA injection using computer-controlled local anesthetic delivery (CCLAD) system to anesthetize buccal hard tissue (BHT), buccal soft tissue (BST), palatal hard tissue (PHT), and palatal soft tissue (PST) around the maxillary teeth. Methods: Thirty-five patients who were indicated for open flap debridement in a whole maxillary quadrant were given AMSA injection using the CCLAD. The effectiveness of anesthesia was evaluated using subjective and objective parameters around each tooth. Supraperiosteal infiltrations were administered to complete the surgery wherever the AMSA injection was ineffective. Results: The AMSA injection was more effective on the palatal tissues than on the buccal tissues, as 94.14% of PST and 87.89% of PHT sites were anesthetized compared to 49.22% and 43.75% of BHT and BST sites, respectively. There was no significant difference in the frequency of anesthesia around the anterior and posterior teeth. The PHT was significantly more anesthetized (P = 0.003) in males than in females. Conclusions: The AMSA injection using CCLAD is highly effective on palatal tissues and could be used as a first-line anesthesia for periodontal flap surgery. However, its effect on buccal tissues is less predictable, with supraperiosteal infiltration often required to supplement the AMSA injection.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
• /
• 제40권4호
• /
• pp.277-294
• /
• 2001

창선충목에 속하는 4 신종 및 2 미기록종을 기술, 도시하였다. Discolaimium gyeongiens n. sp. (경기짤룩창선충)은 체장인 1.6~1.7mm이고, c=37~41, 창침은 19~21$\mu\textrm{m}$이고, 구순부는 넓고, 전직장은 매우 짧은 것이 특징이다. Aporcelaimellus donghwaens n. sp. (동화육각창선충)은 체장이 2.8~2.9mm이고, c=4.0~4.5, 창침은 19~20$\mu\textrm{m}$이고, 창침확장부는 짧고, 식도장간변 판이 있고, 꼬리는 원추형인 것이 특징이다. Labronema korandus n. sp. (코란두수창선충)은 체장이 2.2~2.3mm이고, c=68~81, 창침은 27~28$\mu\textrm{m}$이고, 교접자는 61$\mu\textrm{m}$이고, 구순부는 연속되었고, 음문은 원형이고, 꼬리는 원통형이다. Zalophidera longus n. sp. (둥근순검선충)은 체장이 4.1~4.4mm으로 길고, c=107~130, 구침은 80~93$\mu\textrm{m}$으로 길고, 구침확장부가 큰 것이 특징이다. Discolaimoides bulbiferous (다산넓은창선충)과 Diphtherophora communis(칠곡둥근창선충)은 우리 나라에서는 처음으로 기록되었다.

• 대한화학회지
• /
• 제55권2호
• /
• pp.177-182
• /
• 2011

이케토형 리간드는 thiophene-2-aldehyde와 acetylacetone의 Knoevenagel 축합반응을 통해 합성하였으며, 이를 이용하여 Cu(II), Ni(II) 및Co(II) 염화물의 착물을 합성하였다. 모든 착물의 특성은 다양한 물리-화학적 방법으로 규명하였다. 몰전기전도도 결과로부터 이들 착물이 이온성을 가짐을 알았다. 전자 및 EPR 스펙트럼을 통해 구리(II) 이온이 사각평면 기하구조를 가짐을 알았다. 구리(II) 착물과 CTDNA(송아지 thymus DNA)의 상호작용을 흡수 스펙트럼과 순환 전압전류법으로 연구하였다. $k_{obs}$ 대 [DNA]의 도시는 선형을 보였는데, 이는 유사-1차반응을 의미한다. 순환 전압전류 그림으로부터 구리(II) 착물이 각각 -0.240 V와 -0.194 V의 $E_{1/2}$ 값을 갖는 일전자 Cu(II)/Cu(I) 산화-환원 쌍에 대해 준가역적임을 알았다. CTDNA를 첨가한 경우, $E_{1/2}$값이 각각168 mV와 18 mV 이동하였고 Ep 값도 감소하였다. CTDNA의 존재 하에 $E_{1/2}$이 이처럼 이동하는 것은 구리(II) 착물이 CTDNA에 강하게 결합됨을 의미한다.