• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.189-194
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• 2003

Most of the ethyl alcohol consumed by humans is oxidized to acetaldehyde in the liver by the cytoplasmic alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) system. For this ADH-catalyzed oxidation of alcohol, $NAD^+$ is required as the coenzyme and $NAD^+$becomes reduced to NADH. As the $NAD^+$becomes depleted and NADH accumulates, alcohol oxidation is reduced. For continued alcohol oxidation, the accumulated NADH must be quickly reoxidized to $NAD^+$, and it is this reoxidation of NADH to $NAD^+$that is known to be the rate-limiting step in the overall oxidation rate of alcohol The reoxidation of NADH to $NAD^+$is catalyzed by lactate dehydrogenase in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes, with pyruvate being utilized as the substrate. The pyruvate may be supplied from alanine as a result of amino acid metabolism via the urea cycle. Also, glutamine is thought to help with the supply of pyruvate indirectly, and to activate the urea cycle by producing $NH_3$. Thus, in the present study, we have examined the effects of alanine and glutamine on the alcohol oxidation rate. We utilized isolated perfused liver tissue in a system where media containing alanine and glutamine was circulated. Our results showed that when alanine (5.0mM) was added to the glucose-free infusion media, the alcohol oxidation rate was increased by 130%. Furthermore, when both glutamine and alanine were added together to the infusion media, the alcohol oxidation rate increased by as much as 190%, and the rate of urea nitrogen production increased by up to 200%. The addition of glutamine (5.0mM) alone to the infusion media did not accelerate the alcohol oxidation rate. The increases in the rates of alcohol oxidation and urea nitrogen production through the addition of alanine and glutamine indicate that these amino acids have contributed to the enhanced supply of pyruvate through the urea cycle. Based on these results, it is concluded that the dietary supplementation of alanine and glutamine could contribute to increased alcohol detoxification through the urea cycle, by enhancing the supply of pyruvate and $NAD^+$to ensure accelerated rates of alcohol oxidation.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.101-105
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• 2009

Alcohol oxidation activities and optimization of extraction conditions of Rrhus verniciflua Stokes (RVS) extract were evaluated for the development of a functional biomaterial for improving liver function. When alcohol oxidation activities of RVS was analyzed, the Rrhus verniciflua Stokes bark (RVSB) were higher than the Rrhus verniciflua Stokes heartwood (RVSH). Alcohol oxidation activity value of RVSB increased in a concentration-dependent manner. In the comparative analysis between Hovenia dulcis Thunb (HOT) and Alnus japonica Steud (AJS) which was reported as a alcohol oxidation material, alcohol oxidation activity is much higher than the others. The experimental conditions were optimized for alcohol oxidation-active components production from RVSB. The extraction conditions such as temperature, time, pH and particle size were performed. It was recommended to extract the alcohol oxidation-active components from RVSB by hot water (pH 7.0) at $85^{\circ}C$ for 8 hours.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2000년도 추계학술발표대회 및 bio-venture fair
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• pp.524-527
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• 2000

An electroenzymatic system to oxidize veratryl alcohol of on electrodes with in-situ generated hydrogen peroxide was studied. We investigated hydrogen peroxide generation, current efficiency, and veratryl alcohol oxidation in the electrode system at various conditions. The reaction rates of veratryl alcohol oxidation were compared in an electrochemical, an electroenzymatic, and an usual biochemical systems to prove the concept of electroenzymatic oxidation.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.424-427
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• 1994

Effects of iron compounds in known biomimetic oxidation systems (Gif IV and GoAgg II) have been studied on activity and ketone/alcohol selectivity of cyclohexane oxidation. Both ketone/alcohol ratio and cyclohexane conversion were affected by counter-ion Z of iron compounds Z-Fe. When Z has a more electron withdrawing property, the reactivity is increased and the formation of ketone is favored. From these experimental results, a new mechanism is proposed for the biomimetic oxidation system.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.67-95
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• 2024

Direct alcohol fuel cells (DAFCs) have gained much attention as promising energy conversion devices due to their ability to utilize alcohol as a fuel source. In this regard, Molybdenum-based electrocatalysts (Mo-ECs) have emerged as a substitution for expensive Pt and Ru-based co-catalyst electrode materials in DAFCs, owing to their unique electrochemical properties useful for alcohol oxidation. The catalytic activity of Mo-ECs displays an increase in alcohol oxidation current density by several folds to 1000-2000 mA mg_Pt^-1, compared to commercial Pt and PtRu catalysts of 10-100 mA mg_Pt^-1. In addition, the methanol oxidation peak and onset potential have been significantly reduced by 100-200 mV and 0.5-0.6 V, respectively. The performance of Mo-ECs in both acidic and alkaline media has shown the potential to significantly reduce the Pt loading. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the bifunctional mechanism involved in the oxidation of alcohols and factors affecting the electrocatalytic oxidation of alcohol, such as synthesis method, structural properties, and catalytic support materials. Furthermore, the challenges and prospects of Mo-ECs for DAFCs anode materials are discussed. This in-depth review serves as valuable insight toward enhancing the performance and efficiency of DAFC by employing Mo-ECs.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.198-201
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• 2004

천연발효물질인 프로폴리스를 이용하여 숙취 해소 음료를 개발하고 그에 따른 알콜 대사에 미치는 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 프로폴리스 농축액과 다양한 약용식물의 농축액을 사용하여 숙취 해소 음료를 개발하였다. 배합원료 각각의 알콜 분해 능력을 검토한 결과, 프로폴리스와 가시오가피 추출액이 가장 큰 분해 능력을 보였다. 타 회사 제품과의 알콜 분해 능력을 비교한 경우 급성 주정 중독량 (kg당 4g)을 경구 투여하였을 때 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 그러나 주정중독량 지표보다 약 1/3을 감소시킨 kg당 1.8 L의 술을 경구 투여한 경우, 프로폴리스 음료는 270분이 경과했을 때 0.026%, 360분이 경과했을 때에는 0.000%의 혈중알콜농도를 나타내었다. 이것으로 보아 프로폴리스 음료는 섭취알콜의 양이 많을 경우에는 큰 차이가 없었지만, 일정량의 알콜을 섭취할 경우에는 매우 뛰어난 알콜 분해 효능이 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.41-47
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• 2005

The study was conducted to determine whether oak wood vinegar extract influences blood alcohol concentration and hangover syndrome in healthy volunteers. 2% wood vinegar extract was effective to inhibit increase of blood alcohol concentration after alcohol intake and showed significantly different (P<0.1) compared to placebo. By result of questionnaire of volunteers, wood vinegar extract showed effects improving hangover syndrome. In comparative study about blood alcohol concentration and hangover syndrome of wood vinegar extract and other extract that hangover improvement effect was reported, average maximum blood alcohol concentration was lowered in those taking wood vinegar extract than those taking other extract. At drinking completion 210minutes (T210), blood alcohol concentration of those taking wood vinegar extract was the lowest by 0.063% compared with other extract but was not significantly different between in those taking wood vinegar extract and in those taking other extract. However, wood vinegar extract's experimental group was the highest by 0.462 in decrement rate of blood alcohol concentration and, when did P<0.1 by significance level, indicated difference that mean statistically compared to placebo group uniquely. At those taking wood vinegar extract, the improvement rate and the aggravation rate of hangover syndrome was each 87%, 2%. Thus it was concluded that wood vinegar extract showed excellent alcohol oxidation and was effective in hangover improvement.

• 공업화학
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.663-667
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• 2013

다양한 이온성 액체를 사용하여 은이 담지된 이산화티타늄 입자를 제조하였다. 합성에 사용된 이온성 액체의 종류에 따라 입자의 물성이 변하는 것을 관찰하였다. 이는 이온성 액체의 특성이 은 입자들의 결합에 영향을 주기 때문이다. 제조된 입자의 촉매 성능을 측정하기 위하여 산소분위기에서 벤질알코올의 산화반응을 실시하였다. 그 결과 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate를 이용하여 합성한 $Ag/TiO_2$ 입자가 가장 우수한 촉매 활성을 나타내었다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.111-122
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• 2003

This studies were performed to develop a Korean traditional folk liquor namely Gangha-ju has been prepared at Bosung district in Korea, and manufacturing conditions and anti-oxidation activity and anti-microbial activity of Gangha-ju were investigated. Ethyl-alcohol 20% and 30% Gangha-ju were brewed with glutinous rice wine, distilled liquor and 6 herbs of ginger, cinnamon, etc. Chemical and physical properties of 30% Gangha-ju were acidity 0.22, pH 4.31, amino acidity 3.26, transmittance 59 and conductivity $911\;{\mu}s/m$, and 20% Gangha-ju were 0.43, 4.20, 6.26, 62 and $924\;{\mu}s/m$. Volatile flavor compounds of ethyl alcohol, acetic acid, butanol, n-amyl alcohol, iso-pentyl alcohol, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, acetaldehyde and furfural were detected, and main aroma compounds of Gangha-ju were isopentyl alcohol and ethyl acetate. Anti-oxidation activity by DPPH method was evaluated 31.32%, and nitrite scavenging effect was 31.79%. Anti-microbial activity against several microorganisms was pronounced strong activity over a wide range of test organisms, and Leuconostoc mesenteroids and Salmonella Ttyphimurium, Staphylococcus epidermidis were found to be more sensitive to Gangha-ju than Escherichia coli and Aspergillus flavus.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.446-451
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• 1997

구조와 용해도가 다른 4종류의 다당류(옥수수전분, 쌀전분, 고구마전분 및 셀룰로오스)내의 1차 alcohol group을 $25^{\circ}C$에서 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidine oxoammunium (TEMPO)을 사용하여 carboxyl group으로 산화, 전환하였다. TEMPO/bromite 촉매를 이용한 산화반응계에서 최적 pH, TEMPO함량 및 NaBr 함량은 각각 $10.5{\sim}11.0$, 10 mmol/mol of primary alcohol, 0.49 mol/mol primary alcohol이였으며, 반응 최적조건하에서의 산화율은 4종류의 다당류 모두 90%이상이였다. 산화반응은 다당류의 물에 대한 용해도를 매우 증가시켰는 바, 물에 불용성인 셀룰로오스의 경우 산화에 의하여 8.42% (w/v)로 증가되었으며, 옥수수전분, 쌀전분 및 고구마전분과 같이 물에 거의 불용성인(0.10% (w/v) 이하) 다당류들도 약 45% (w/v) 수준으로 물에 대한 용해도가 증가하였다. 또한 본 실험에서의 산화공정에 의하여 제조된 산화물질은 $Ca^{2+}$이온과의 겔 형성능을 갖게됨을 확인하였는 바, 각종 gum, gel 및 film의 새로운 소재로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대되었다.