• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.196-203
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• 2011

The main aim of this study is to establish methods of morphological preservation and elemental quantification for individual snow crystals. Individual snow crystals were collected at a height of 20 m above ground level. To stabilize and preserve the original morphologies of the snow crystals, cyanoacrylate, which has been used to fix liquid droplets, was applied (Kasahara et al., 2000). Several different kinds of snow crystals (dendrite, sectored plate, quasi-sectored plate, and hexagonal plate) were successively stabilized using this method. The stabilized snow crystals were pretreated with acetone, and then the elemental components contained in a whole snow crystal were quantified with the Particle Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) analytical technique. The snow crystal residual composition determined in the present study was dominated by sulfur and mineral components, and the elemental mass showed an apparent crystal size dependence, where the elemental mass gradually decreased as the crystal size increased.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.198-203
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• 2016

Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE) durability analysis and experiments of an aluminum alloy brake pedal were carried out for the car lighter by die casting method. In the CAE analysis, KS standards and criteria of the Volvo Car Corporation were applied, and in the experiment, KS standards were applied. The CAE analysis results show that aluminum alloy brake pedals are stronger than the conventional steel brakes pedals because the yield strength of the aluminum alloy increased by almost 97% over that of steel. Further, the structures of the cylinder and the frame were reinforced with increasing thickness of flame and were changed to suit the die-casting process. Through a durability test based on the KS standard, the strength of a prototype of the aluminum alloy brake pedal was confirmed to be sufficient.

• 천문학회보
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.49.3-50
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• 2017

Metallicity is one of the most important properties in understanding galaxy evolution. However, measuring metallicity is limited to low redshift (z<3.5) due to the faintness of the metallicity indicators in normal galaxies. For high redshift universe, active galactic nuclei (AGN) can be used to constrain the host galaxy metallicity. Previous studies investigated AGN metallicity using emission line flux ratios (i.e., NV/CIV and FeII/MgII), finding no evolution up to z~6. Those results might be due to selection effect since previous studies are based on very luminous AGNs. The observed luminosity-metallicity relation of AGNs (e.g., Nagao et al. 2006) suggests that luminous AGNs may be already matured at the observed epoch. Considering the luminosity-metallicty relation, we focused on low luminosity AGNs to find young AGNs (i.e., low metallicity). Through the Gemini/GNIRS observation in 2012A and 2015A (K-GMT GN-2015A-Q-203 PI: Shin, J.), we obtained the Gemini/GNIRS data for 7 high redshift AGNs (3.0

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1987년도 정기총회 및 창립40주년기념 학술대회 학회본부
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• pp.203-206
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• 1987

$Ga_{1-x}Al_xAs$ solar cells have been fabricated by LPE and characterized as a function of operating temperature from $25^{\circ}C$ to $l30^{\circ}C$. Open circuit voltage decreases linearly with increasing temperature by $1.4mv/^{\circ}C$, while degradation of silicon solar cells is about $2.2-2.5\;mv/^{\circ}C$. Experimental results regarding to GaAS solar cells, such as saturation current, ideality factors and fill factors are characterized as a function of operating temperature.

• 천문학논총
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.139-146
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• 1996

Galactic open clusters NGC 1907 and NGC 1912 are known as a binary cluster candidate by Subramaniam et al.(1995). With the SNUO 0.6m telescope, UBV CCD photometric observations were performed for 62 stars in NGC 1907 within the area of $8'{\times}8'$ and 203 stars in NGC 1912 within the area of $15'{\times}15'$ area. We obtained C-M and C-C diagrams. Their mean reddenings are E(B-V) = $0.50{\pm}0.03$ for NGC 1907 and $0.27{\pm}0.03$ for NGC 1912. The distance moduli are estimated as $10.9{\pm}0.15$ and $10.4{\pm}0.10$ for NGC 1907 and NGC 1912, respectively. The ages for these clusters are $400{\pm}50Myr$ for NGC 1907 and $150{\pm}30Myr$ for NGC 1912. The distance difference of the two clusters is 300pc and the age difference is 150Myr. These results imply that the two clusters are not physically connected.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 1995년도 제5회 학술강연회논문집
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• pp.195-203
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• 1995

본 연구는 강도와 인성이 우수한 7175Al 단조재의 국산화 개발을 위하여 기존 7XXX합금의 제조공정(일반공정)을 적용한 7075-T6/T73, 7050-774 및 7175-T74 단조재와 중간열처리, 용체화처리 등을 고온처리하는 특수제조 공정을 적용한 7175-T74 단조재의 강도, 파괴인성($K_IC$) 및 피로특성을 비교 평가하였다. 특수공정을 적용한 7175S-T74 단조재는 일반공정의 7075-T73, 7050-T74 및 7175-T74재보다 강도, 파괴 인성 및 피로특성이 향상되었다. 이것은 주조시 응고과정에서 형성되는 2차상입자의 감소와 특수공정의 적용효과에 기인하는 것으로 판단된다.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.203-214
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• 2005

In the Part 1 paper (Gawin, et al. 2005) some experimental results concerning micro-structural tests, permeability measurements and stress-strain tests of four types of High Performance Concrete, exposed to elevated temperatures (up to $700^{\circ}C$) are presented and discussed. On the basis of these experimental results parameters of the constitutive relationships describing influence of damage and temperature upon material intrinsic permeability at high temperature were determined. In this paper the effects of various formulations of damage-permeability coupling on results of computer simulations are analysed and compared with the results obtained by means of the previously proposed approach, that does not take into account the thermo-chemical concrete damage directly. Numerical solutions are obtained using the recently developed fully coupled model of hygro-thermal and damage phenomena in concrete at elevated temperatures. High temperature effects are considered by means of temperature and pressure dependence of several material parameters. Based on the mathematical model, the computer code HITECOSP was developed. Material parameters of the model were measured by several European laboratories, which participated in the "HITECO" research project. A model problem, concerning hygro-thermal behaviour and degradation of a HPC structure during fire, is solved. The influence of two different constitutive descriptions of the concrete permeability changes at high temperature, including thermo-chemical and mechanical damage effects, upon the results of computer simulations is analysed and discussed.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.203-207
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• 2009

We have investigated the effect of ambient gases on the structural, electrical, and optical characteristics of ITO thin films intended for use as anode contacts in OLED (organic light emitting diodes) devices. These ITO thin films are deposited by radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering under different ambient gases (Ar, Ar+$O_2$, and Ar+$H_2$) at $300{^{\circ}C}$. In order to investigate the influences of the oxygen and hydrogen, the flow rate of oxygen and hydrogen in argon mixing gas has been changed from 0.5 sccm to 5 sccm and from 0.01 sccm to 0.25 sccm, respectively. The intensity of the (400) peak in the ITO thin films increased with increasing $O_2$, flow rate whilst the (400) peak was nearly invisible in an atmosphere of Ar+$H_2$. The electrical resistivity of the ITO thin films increased with increasing $O_2$ flow rate, whereas the electrical resistivity decreased sharply under an Ar+$H_2$ atmosphere and was nearly similar regardless of the $H_2$ flow rate. The change of electrical resistivity with changes in the ambient gas composition was mainly interpreted in terms of the charge carrier mobility rather than the charge carrier concentration. All the films showed an average transmittance of over 80% in the visible range. The OLED device was fabricated with different ITO substrates made with the configuration of ITO/$\alpha$-NPD/DPVB/$Alq_3$/LiF/Al in order to elucidate the performance of the ITO substrate. Current density and luminance of OLED devices with ITO thin films deposited in Ar+$H_2$ ambient gas is the highest among all the ITO thin films.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.203-207
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• 2013

피페리딘 구조가 포함된 구조유도분자를 이용하여 알루미노실리케이트 제올라이트를 합성하고 특성을 분석하였다. 제올라이트 합성은 $1.0SiO_2$:0.9SDA:$0.062NaAlO_2$:0.217NaOH:$20H_2O$ 조성의 겔을 413~453 K로 수열합성 온도를 조절하여 7일 동안 수열합성을 하였다. 구조유도분자의 크기와 온도가 증가함에 따라 다양한 제올라이트를 얻을 수가 있었다. 피페리딘은 433 K의 수열합성 조건에 FER 제올라이트 구조형성을 유도하였으며 2,6-디메틸피페리딘과 2,2,6,6-테트라메틸피페리딘은 동일한 조건에서 각각 TON형 제올라이트와 MFI형 제올라이트 구조 형성을 유도하였다. 수열합성온도를 453 K로 증가시키면 2-메틸피페리딘은 TON형 제올라이트 구조 형성을 유도하였다. 분말 X 선 회절법의 분석결과로부터 FER형 제올라이트를 형성한 피페리딘 구조유도분자가 제올라이트 골격과 강한 상호작용을 하고 있음을 확인하였다.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.195-203
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• 2014

Modern industry has a wide variety of application areas such as ocean industry, construction and automobile industry. With the current circumstances, the need for anti-corrosion technology that can be used on materials to withstand in harsh environments, is increasing. In this study, we have sought to develop a metal coating technology with zinc and aluminum powders as a potential anti-corrosion material. To make a coating on metal products, a thermal diffusion coating method was used under the conditions of $350^{\circ}C$ for 30 minutes. Optical microscope, Field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM&EDX) and X-ray diffraction analysis were used to analyze a coating layer. As a result, we have confirmed that the generated amount of rust on metal parts coated with thermal diffusion coating method decreased dramatically compared with non-coated metal parts. Furthermore, the anti-corrosion performance was evaluated according to the different ratio of zinc and aluminum. Finally, we confirmed the possibility of application and commercialization of our coating technique on metal parts used in harsh industrial based on the results of these performance.