• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.3723-3727
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• 2015

The p53 tumor suppressor protein is a principal mediator of growth arrest, senescence, and apoptosis in response to a broad array of cellular damage. p53 is a substrate for the ubiquitin-proteasome system, however, the ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2s) involved in p53 ubiquitination have not been well studied. UBE2Q1 is a novel E2 ubiquitin conjugating enzyme gene. Here, we investigated the effect of UBE2Q1 overexpression on the level of p53 in the MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cell line as well as the interaction between UBE2Q1 and p53. By using a lipofection method, the p53 mutated breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-468, was transfected with the vector pCMV6-AN-GFP, containing UBE2Q1 ORF. Western blot analysis was employed to verify the overexpression of UBE2Q1 in MDA-MB-468 cells and to evaluate the expression level of p53 before and after cell transfection. Immunoprecipitation and GST pull-down protocols were used to investigate the binding of UBE2Q1 to p53. We established MDA-MB-468 cells that transiently expressed a GFP fusion proteins containing UBE2Q1 (GFP-UBE2Q1). Western blot analysis revealed that levels of p53 were markedly lower in UBE2Q1 transfected MDA-MB-468 cells as compared with control MDA-MB-468 cells. Both in vivo and in vitro data showed that UBE2Q1 co-precipitated with p53 protein. Our data for the first time showed that overexpression of UBE2Q1can lead to the repression of p53 in MDA-MB-468 cells. This repression of p53 may be due to its UBE2Q1 mediated ubiquitination and subsequent proteasome degradation, a process that may involve direct interaction of UBE2Q1with p53.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권15호
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• pp.6463-6468
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• 2015

Background: Chemotherapy is one of the common approaches in treatment of cancers, especially leukemia. However, drug resistance phenomena reduce the likelihood of treatment success. Resveratrol is a herbal compound which through complicated processes makes some selected cells sensitive to treatment and induction of apoptosis. In the present study, the effects of resveratrol on the expression of miR 15a and miR16-1 and apoptosis in the CCRF-CEM cell line were investigated. Materials and Methods: The CCRF-CEM cell line was cultured under standard conditions and changes in miR 15a and miR 16-1 expression were analyzed by real time-PCR technique, with attention to reveratrol dose and time dependence. Also, apoptosis is evaluated by flow cytometry using annexin V and PI. Results: CCRF-CEM cells underwent dose-dependent apoptotic cell death in response to resveratrol. MiR 15a and miR 16-1 expression was up-regulated after 24 and 48 hours resveratrol treatment (p<0.05). Conclusions: The results of our study indicate that resveratrol induces apoptosis in a time and dose-dependent manner in CCRF-CEM cells. Also, increased expression level of miR 16-1 and miR 15a by means of resveratrol in CCRF-CEM cells might have a role in apoptosis induction and predisposition. According to our results resveratrol can be regarded as a dietary supplement to improve efficacy of anti-leukemia therapies.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제15권9호
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• pp.1267-1272
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• 2002

The present research was undertaken to monitor the effects of restricted and ad. libitum feeding during last trimester of pregnancy on the performance of crossbred dairy cows and their calves. For this purpose two groups of crossbred cows having eight animals in each group were put into two plane of nutrition during their last three months of pregnancy. Dietary energy level in one group was calculated as per Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, (MAFF, UK) and the cows on other group received ad. libitum feeding (concentrate level similar to MAFF, recommendation+ad. libitum roughage). After calving, the cows of both groups were given same diet (ad. libitum) to study the effect of feeding during pregnancy on subsequent lactation performance of the cows. It was observed that during pre-calving period cows on ad. libitum feeding gained significantly (p<0.05) more body weight than that of cows on restricted feeding ($38.50{\pm}6.04$ vs $21.37{\pm}8.04kg/cow$). There was no significant differences between the birth weight of calves of restricted ($21.31{\pm}2.18kg$) and ad. libitum ($20.31{\pm}3.27kg$) groups. Dietary energy intake of ad. libitum group ($50.22{\pm}4.24$ MJ ME/d/cow) was significantly higher (p<0.01) than that of restricted group ($39.76{\pm}1.03$ MJ ME/d/cow). During lactation period cows that were on restricted feeding produced little more milk (3.06 lit/cow/day), than that of the cows on ad. libitum feeding (2.84 lit/cow/day). Although growth rate of the calves of restricted group upto one month ($0.23{\pm}0.09kg/calf/d$) was significantly (p<0.01) higher than that of ad. libitum group ($0.17{\pm}0.08kg/calf/d$) but after four months the growth rate of the calves of two groups become nearly similar ($0.35{\pm}0.02$ vs $0.37{\pm}0.03kg/calf/d$) and difference between them was non-significant. During lactation period cows of restricted group gained little weight but cows of ad. libitum group lost significantly (p<0.05) more weight. Per day metabolizable energy intake in both group during lactation period was nearly similar (67.54 vs 69.58 MJ ME). It is concluded that ad. libitum feeding during last trimester of pregnancy is neither economic for getting maximum milk yield nor for calf growth rate and MAFF, recommended level of dietary energy during that period could be applied on our pregnant crossbred dairy cows.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권15호
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• pp.6397-6403
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• 2014

Background: Aberrant promoter hypermethylation has been recognized in human breast carcinogenesis as a frequent molecular alteration associated with the loss of expression of a number of key regulatory genes and may serve as a biomarker. The E-cadherin gene (CDH1), mapping at chromosome 16q22, is an intercellular adhesion molecule in epithelial cells, which plays an important role in establishing and maintaining intercellular connections. The aim of our study was to assess the methylation pattern of CDH1 and to correlate it with the expression of E-cadherin, clinicopathological parameters and hormone receptor status in breast cancer patients of Kashmir. Materials and Methods: Methylation specific PCR (MSP) was used to determine the methylation status of CDH1 in 128 invasive ductal carcinomas (IDCs) paired with the corresponding normal tissue samples. Immunohistochemistry was used to study the expression of E-cadherin, ER and PR. Results: CDH1 hypermethylation was detected in 57.8% of cases and 14.8% of normal adjacent controls. Reduced levels of E-cadherin protein were observed in 71.9% of our samples. Loss of E-cadherin expression was significantly associated with the CDH1 promoter region methylation (p<0.05, OR=3.48, CI: 1.55-7.79). Hypermethylation of CDH1 was significantly associated with age at diagnosis (p=0.030), tumor size (p=0.008), tumor grade (p=0.024) and rate of node positivity or metastasis (p=0.043). Conclusions: Our preliminary findings suggest that abnormal CDH1 methylation occurs in high frequencies in infiltrating breast cancers associated with a decrease in E-cadherin expression. We found significant differences in tumor-related CDH1 gene methylation patterns relevant to tumor grade, tumor size, nodal involvement and age at diagnosis of breast tumors, which could be extended in future to provide diagnostic and prognostic information.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.1431-1434
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• 2015

Background: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among women worldwide and the HER2 receptor plays an important role in its development and progression. This systematic review aimed to summarize the role of HER2 in brain metastasis in patients with breast cancer. Materials and Methods: We conducted a literature search by advanced search in title field using the Scopus, Pubmed, and Google scholar databases until the end of June 2014. With metastasis, metastatic, HER2, brain, and breast cancer, as terms of search we selected 31 articles, which were reviewed by two independent and blinded expert reviewers. The studies were first selected according to their titles and abstracts. Quality of the studies were then assessed using the STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) protocol for observational studies and CONSORT(Consolidation of Standards for Reporting Trials) protocol for clinical trials. For statistical analyses, we used STATA, version 11.0 software. Forest and funnel diagrams were drawn and for heterogeneity, index was also considered. Also we used meta regression analysis. Results: Finally, we reviewed 10 studies. The prevalence of brain metastasis in HER2-positive breast cancer patients was 24.9%. There was publication bias in the reviewed studies. Meta regression analysis showed that follow up time had no significant effect (p=0.396) on the prevalence of brain metastasis. Conclusions: The results showed a high prevalence of brain metastasis in HER2 positive breast cancer patients.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.1255-1258
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• 2015

Background: Locally advanced head and neck cancer is generally incurable and has a short survival rate. This study aimed to evaluate symptom relief, disease response, and acute toxicity after palliative hypo-fractionated radiotherapy and long-term survival in affected patients. Materials and Methods: Between January 2011 to December 2011, 80 patients who were histopathologically diagnosed as having stage III or stage IV head and neck squamous cell carcinoma based on Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 1-3, were offered palliative radiotherapy (20 Gy/5Fr/5 Days). Later these patients were evaluated on 30th day after completion of treatment for disease response based on World Health Organisation (WHO) criteria and palliation of symptoms using symptomatic response grading and acute toxicities by the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG). Many patients were given post radiation therapy (RT) palliative chemotherapy for appropriate palliative care and a few patients were selected for further curative RT. The overall survival was also evaluated among this group of patients with last follow up date of 1st May, 2014. Results: The most common presenting complaint was pain followed by dysphagia. Most patients (60-70%) had appreciable relief in their presenting symptoms. A good response was observed in the majority following palliative RT; a few patients had progressive disease and some had stable and regressed disease. None of the patients experienced radiation toxicity that required hospital admission. Almost all showed grade one and two acute skin and mucosal toxicity one month after completion of treatment. The mean survival days for patients given only hypofractionated palliative RT was 307 days, those with post palliative RT and palliative chemotherapy was 390 days and patients who went on to receive further palliative RT and curative RT dose had significantly overall survival of 582 days. Conclusions: Advanced head and neck cancer should be identified for suitable palliative hypofractionated radiotherapy to achieve acceptable symptom relief in a great proportion of patients and should be followed by palliative chemotherapy or curative RT in suitable cases for long-term symptom-free survival.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제55권1호
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• pp.70-80
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• 2011

두 종류의 새로운 팔라디움(II) 착물인 [Pd(phen)(pip-dtc)]$NO_3$와 [Pd(phen)(mor-dtc)]$NO_3$ (여기서 phen은 1,10-페난트롤린, pip-dtc은 피페리딘디티오카르바메이트 음이온, mor-dtc은 모르폴린디티오카르바메이트 음이온을 가리킨다)를 합성하고 원소분석, 분광법(FT-IR, $^1H$ NMR, UV-Vis) 및 전기전도도 측정을 이용하여 특성을 조사하였다. 이 착물들에서, 디티오카르베이트 리간드는 팔라디움 (II) 중심과 두 개의 황 원자와 이중으로 배위 결합을 하고 있다. 이 착물의 세포독성을 K562 세포주를 이용하여 조사하였을 때 $IC_{50}$ 값이 시스플라틴보다 작았기 때문에 착물들의 송아지 흉선 DNA(CT-DNA)와의 결합 모드를 UV 흡광도 차이와 형광 분광법으로 조사하였다. 착물들은 DNA를 변형시키고, 협동결합을 하고, DNA에 끼어 들어간다. 또한 몇 가지 결합 및 열역학적인 변수들이 기술되었다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.299-310
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• 2021

Glycerol is a non-volatile compound with no aromatic properties that contributes significantly to the quality of wine by providing sweetness and richness of taste. In addition, it is also the third most significant byproduct of alcoholic fermentation in terms of quantity after ethanol and carbon dioxide. In this study, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy was employed as a fast non-destructive method in conjugation with multivariate regression analysis to build a model for the quantitative analysis of glycerol concentration in wine samples. The samples were prepared by using three varieties of red wine samples (i.e., Shiraz, Merlot, and Barbaresco) that were adulterated with glycerol in concentration ranges from 0.1 to 15% (v·v^-1), and subjected to analysis together with pure wine samples. A net analyte signal (NAS)-based methodology, called hybrid linear analysis in the literature (HLA/GO), was applied for predicting glycerol concentrations in the collected FT-IR spectral data. Calibration and validation sets were designed to evaluate the performance of the multivariate method. The obtained results exhibited a high coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.987 and a low root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.563% for the calibration set, and a R² of 0.984 and a RMSE of 0.626% for the validation set. Further, the model was validated in terms of sensitivity, selectivity, and limits of detection and quantification, and the results confirmed that this model can be used in most applications, as well as for quality assurance.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.961-968
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• 2011

지질과산화로부터 생성된 aldehyde 중 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE)는 산화적 손상과 관련된 다량의 arachidonic acids, linoleic acids 등으로부터 생성될 수 있다. 그러므로 HNE는 산화적 스트레스와 관련된 세포사에서 중요한 매개인자로 작용을 할 수가 있을 것이다. 본 연구는 HNE가 세포사를 유발할 것이라 가정하고, 먼저 흰쥐 전립선 유래 내피세포인 YPEN-1 세포에서 세포독성을 측정하였다. 세포생장 저해능력은 HNE를 $5\sim15\;{\mu}M$ 농도로 처리하여 형태적 변화와 MTT assay를 통하여 결과를 관찰하였다. 그 결과 HNE가 이 세포에서 핵형의 변화와 세포사를 유발시키는 것을 각각의 실험을 통해 확인이 되었다. 또한 이 사실을 단백질의 변화를 통하여 확인을 할 수가 있었다. HNE를 24시간 처리한 세포에서 poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 단백질 분절이 매개되었고 Bax의 발현량이 증가하였다. 또한 세포내의 활성 산소종들을 발생시켰다. 이에 생성된 활성 산소종과 peroxynitrite가 세포사와 관련이 있는가를 밝히기 위하여 이들의 포식자들인 N-acetylcysteine과 penicillamine을 본 연구에서 사용하였다. 이들 포식자들에 의해 HNE에 의해 유도되는 세포사가 억제가 되었기에 산화적 활성화가 HNE에 의해 유도된 세포사와 관련이 있음을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 결과들은 HNE가 내피세포에서 ROS와 peroxynitrite 생성을 통하여 세포사를 일으킨다는 사실을 뒷받침해 준다.