• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.571-577
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• 2006

Health benefits from implementing air quality control measures were assessed using the Environmental Benefits Mapping and Analysis Program (BenMAP). BenMAP developed by US EPA is a GIS-based software tool that estimates the health impacts and associated economic values connected with changes in ambient air pollution. Once a set of BenMAP-required data was collected, the health benefits from implementing Seoul Air Quality Management Plan (SAQMP), an official AQ improvement plan for Seoul Metropolitan Area, was assessed using BenMAP. The PM10 concentrations assuming the SAQMP implemented successfully were predicted with the MM5 (Mesoscale Meteorological model version 5)/CMAQ (Community Multiscale Air Quality) model. A PM 10 exposure related premature mortality function was adopted trom a well-known epidemiology study. Economic valuation functions driven from benefit transfer methods were utilized. Through the SAQMP, PM10 concentrations were estimated to be lowered by $15{\mu}g/m^3\;to\;75{\mu}g/m^3$ depending on air quality modeling grids. 5,569 premature deaths (95% CI $3,264{\sim}7,809$ deaths) could be avoided in the Seoul Metropolitan Area. The economic value of the deaths avoided was estimated to $13.2 billion $(95%\;CI\;$890\;million{\sim}$28.2\;billion)$ using the benefit transfer value. BenMAP could be a useful tool for developing effective air quality improvement policy, enabling the policy makers to anticipate the effects of regulatory changes on people's health and the economy.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.354-362
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility of using air potato (Dioscorea bulbifera) powder to make sponge cakes. The sponge cake batter was made by adding 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40% of air potato powder, and the resultant anti-oxidative properties and quality characteristics were analyzed. The study showed that the height, batter yield, and loss rate of sponge cakes decreased as increasing amounts of air potato powder were added, but the weight, viscosity, moisture content, and specific gravity increased. An evaluation of the color showed that the L and b values were highest in the control group but the a value was highest in the 40% group. There was no significant difference between samples in terms of cohesiveness, although the study showed a significant increase in the hardness, chewiness, and gumminess as the quantity of air potato powder in the sponge cakes increased. The total polyphenol content and DPPH radical scavenging activity increased noticeably as more air potato powder was added to the sponge cakes. The results thus showed that the study groups with the addition of air potato powder showed higher antioxidant activity than the control group.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.365-373
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• 2012

This study compared indoor air quality of homes in which elementary school children with and without (case and control) allergic rhinitis live in the Ulsan metropolitan region (UMR). A total of 58 homes (case and control: 29, respectively; children aged 7 to 12 years) was selected for indoor air quality measurements. The concentrations of all general indoor air pollutants, except $PM_{2.5}$, in the case group were much higher than those in the control group. In particular, the average concentrations of $O_3$ and $NO_2$ in the case group were statistically significantly (p<0.05) higher than those in the control group. Average concentrations of $CO_2$ in the case and control groups and $NO_2$ in the case group exceeded the standard level. Some components of aldehydes and ketones and VOCs indicated large difference of average concentrations between two groups, but there were no statistically significant differences.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.143-152
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• 2009

Indoor air quality at classrooms is of special concern since students are susceptible and indoor air problems can be so subtle that it does not always produce easily recognizable health effects. The main objectives of the study were to investigate the time-activity pattern of school students, to determine the sources of poor indoor air quality in schools, and to demonstrate how indoor air quality in schools causes adverse health effects such as headache, upper airway irritation, fatigue, and lethargy. Recent articles ranging from 1987-2009 related to school indoor air quality were systematically reviewed. Building-associated health effects can increase student absences from school and degrade the performance of children while in school. The reduced ventilation rate was associated with a decreased ability to concentrate along with increased adverse health symptoms. There was an association between residential proximity to busy roads and a variety of adverse respiratory health outcomes in children. Consequently, the current findings suggest the need for control strategy for school indoor air pollutants with multidisciplinary approach methods because Korea has no other natural resources except manpower especially.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.269-276
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• 2012

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to provide policy directions for air pollution reduction by analyzing the variation in the characteristics of air contaminants around the Gyeonggi Province area. Methods: The data used in the study was obtained from air quality monitoring stations operated by the Gyeonggi Provincial Government. The target area was the air quality management area of the Gyeonggi Province region. Results: The concentration of $PM_{10}$ (particles measuring $10{\mu}m$ or less) in 2009 was $60{\mu}g/m^3$, which has been reduced by about 2.7% per year after improvement countermeasures were emplaced. The air pollution control policy was especially more effective for coarse particulate matter (CPM, $PM_{10-2.5}$). The improvement of $NO_2$ pollution was generally very low, especially in cities which had considerable automobile traffic. The concentration of $SO_2$ pollution was rapidly improved in industrial areas, but did not show any difference for multiple and general cities. The predicted concentration of $PM_{10}$ for 2014 based on the trend over 2001-2009 was $53.4{\mu}g/m^3$, which fails to meet the target concentration of $40{\mu}g/m^3$. The predicted concentration of $NO_2$ shows a very low probability of achieving the target concentration of 22 ppb, and thus the current improvement of air quality has proven unsatisfactory. Conclusion: Air pollution control policy should be enforced according to regional pollution characteristics in order to obtain maximum effectiveness in improvement.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.539-546
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• 2006

The Air Quality Sensor(AQS), located near the fresh air inlet, serves to reduce the amount of pollution entering the vehicle cabin through the HVAC(heating, ventilating, and air conditioning) system by sending a signal to close the fresh air inlet door/ventilation flap when the vehicle enters a high pollution area. The sensor module which includes two independent sensing elements for responding to diesel and gasoline exhaust gases, and temperature sensor and humidity sensor was designed for intelligent AQS in automobile. With this sensor module, AVR microcontroller was designed with back propagation neural network to a powerful gas/vapor pattern recognition when the motor vehicles pass a pollution area. Momentum back propagation algorithm was used in this study instead of normal backpropagation to reduce the teaming time of neural network. The signal from neural network was modified to control the inlet of automobile and display the result or alarm the situation in this study. One chip microcontroller, ATmega 128L(ATmega Ltd., USA) was used for the control and display. And our developed system can intelligently reduce the malfunction of AQS from the dampness of air or dense fog with the backpropagation neural network and the input sensor module with four sensing elements such as reducing gas sensing element, oxidizing gas sensing element, temperature sensing element and humidity sensing element.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.496-501
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• 2008

Recently, many automotive companies tend to apply an air quality system (AQS), which prevents polluted air such as smoke or dust by controlling air intake actuator of vehicle, to satisfy the consumer's need for agreeable in-vehicle environment. However, performance of the traditional AQS is not satisfactory because a polluted air may enter into the inside of vehicle through the breaks of windows. Especially, the commercial vehicles such as bus or truck need to be prevented polluted air from the breaks of vehicle. Hence, as an alternative to the traditional AQS, this paper presents the architecture of smart AQS for commercial vehicle and implementation of the smart AQS. Also, the performance of the suggested system is evaluated through an experimental testbed.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2001.07d
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• pp.2446-2448
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• 2001

In addition to the stabilization of electricity supply and the quality management of electricity, load balance has been an important strategy for achieving high quality load management. Among many techniques for load management, direct load management has been actively studied and applied for increasing the efficiency of power facility and suppressing peak load. In Korea, the highest peak load is demanded in summer rather than in winter, and almost 50% of the peak load comes from cooling load. Currently, applicable systems are limited to air conditioners that have the cooling capacity less than 2kW. This paper describes the development of remote controlled air conditioners and the result of the field test of the new type air conditioner. The technical specification based on the test will be applied to the new model of the remote controlled air conditioner. The wide distribution of the air conditioners to the public will be helpful to control peak demand due to cooling load in summer time. Financial investment to generating, transmission, distribution facilities will be decreased from flatting the seasonal power load.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.125-130
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• 2005

Six modules composed of individual sensors and circuit systems for oxygen, temperature, humidity, volatile organic compounds, dust, carbon dioxide, in the indoor air quality control were examined to see their individual performances. Experimental results showed that all the six modules were in good linearity with individual concentration variations

• The Magazine of the Society of Air-Conditioning and Refrigerating Engineers of Korea
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.33-43
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• 1995