• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.137-144
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• 2007

Fifty nine strains of Agrobacterium vitis, the causal agent of crown-gall disease on grapevine, originating from different geographical regions and 16 grapevine cultivars including 35 Kyoho cultivar of Korea, were characterized by PCR polymorphic analysis using Universal Rice Primer(URP). Of 12 URP primers, primers URP1F, URP2R, URP2F, and URP4R, URP17R were available for detecting PCR polymorphic bands among the A. vitis strains. PCR polymorphic bands produced by primers URP2F and URP17R were profiled to 12 strain types. A. vitis strains originated from Kyoho cultivar of grapevine showed relatively simple genetic diversify of the four PCR types, while the A. vitis strains originated from other grapevine cultivars and type culture strains showed various genetic diversity with 8 types. Unweighted Pair-Group Method with Arithmetic mean(UPGMA) cluster analysis using the URP-PCR polymorphic bands showed 59.4. vitis strains are genetically clustered into large seven groups.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Pathology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.120.2-120
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• 2003

Agrobacterium vitis is a causal agent of crown-gall disease on grapevine. In Korea, grapevine variety (GeoBong) have severely been infected by the bacteria since stems of the variety were buried in soil for overwintering. Infection ratio over 70-80％ was observed on 7 years old GeoBong grapevine in Ansung and Cheonan. PCR specific primers for A. vitis strains were designed using nucleotide sequences of vir A gene in Ti-Plasmid, pheA gene in chromosomal DNA and a URP-PCR polymorphic band. Three hundred bacterial strains were isolated from the different 80 galls formed on GeoBong grapevine in Cheonan and Ansung of Korea and were screened to identify A. vitis using the three specific PCR primers for Agrobacterium vitis. Twenty-four bacterial strains that are detected by the primers were further confirmed by pathogenicity and biochemical methods. To investigate the genomic diversity of the bacterial strains, twenty primers of 20 mer referred to universal rice primers (URP) were applied for PCR fingerprinting, Of them, URP2R and URP2F primers could effectively be used to detect polymorphism within the bacterial strains.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.205-212
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• 2006

Agrobacterium vitis is a causal agent of crown-gall disease on grapevine. Bacterial strains were isolated from crown galls of different grapevine varieties in grapevine farms of Kyungbuk(Kimcheon), Chungbuk(Okcheon), Chungnam(Daejon, Choenan) and Kyeonggi(Suwon, Ansung) areas in Korea from 2002 to 2005. Primer sets, Phe A and VirA, which were derived from pectate lysase gene and virA gene of Ti-plasmid in A. vitis were used to detect A. vitis strains from crown galls. PheA and VirA primers amplified DNA fragments of 0.25 kb and 0.5 kb from fifty-one bacterialstrains. They formed crown galls on grapevine variety, Kyoho, or carrot disks with variable pathgenecity It was confirmed that the biochemical characteristics of 10 bacterial strains that was strong pathogene city on grapevine were mostly in agreement with type culture strains of A. vitis, showing growth in the presence of 2% NaCl, non-production of acid from melezitose and negative response in production of 3-Ketolactose.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.197-201
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• 1996

우리나라 포도재배 지역인 포천, 남양주 및 수원의 포도나무 줄기혹병에 이병된 포장으로부터 채집한 줄기혹(gall), 수액(sap) 및 근권토양으로부터 56균주의 유사 Agrobacterium를 분리하였으며, 이들 중 7균주가 포도나무 유묘의 줄기에 혹ㅇ르 형성시키는 병원성 Agrobacterium biovar의 선택배지에서의 생장, oxidase의 생성, Na L-tartrate로부터 알칼리의 성장, 2% NaCl 첨가 배지에서 생장, 3-ketolactose의 비생산, mesoerythritol과 ethanol로부터 산을 생성하지 못하는 등 Agrobacterium biovar 3인 A. vitis로 동정되었다.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.497-507
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• 2015

It is necessary to evaluate the resistance to disease among genetic resources for development of disease resistant grapes. This study was conducted to screen the resistance to crown gall in muscadine and Florida hybrid bunch grapes by pathogen inoculation. In order to compare the responses to infection with different pathogen strains, muscadine and Florida hybrid grapes were inoculated with 3 strains of Agrobacterium vitis. Although there were different levels crown gall formation among grape cultivars, there little variation in response to inoculated strains. Among 29 muscadine cultivars tested by inoculation of A. vitis 'C4612', most of them were shown to be susceptible, and 'Gold Isle' and 'Africa Queen' were highly susceptible, and two cultivars, 'Welder' and 'Jumbo' were found to be resistant to crown gall disease. Among Florida hybrid grapes, 'Daytona', 'Stover', and 'Swanee' were susceptible and 'Blanc du Bois' was moderately susceptible to crown gall. Because muscadine grapes have been actively utilized as useful genetic resources for development of new grape varieties by intersub-genus cross, this result from the screening of resistance among muscadine grapes can provide valuable information in breeding programs of grape resistant to crown gall.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.77-82
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• 2009

The roots of grapevine in the field in which the crown gall was occurred severely in Chungbuk province were collected and Agrobacterium spp. were isolated from the roots using the selective media. The selected 13 isolates were identified as A. tumefaciens with fatty acid analysis using MIDI system, nucleotide sequence of 16S rDNA, biochemical characteristics, and PCR with the species-specific primers. A. vitis, a pathogen of crown gall disease of grapevine was not isolated from the roots. All of the isolates did not show pathogenicity on the tomato seedlings and the stem and root of grapevine. Eric-PCR showed that DNA band patterns of the root isolates were a little more similar to A. tumefaciens than A. vitis. However, overall similarity between the root isolates and the pathogenic strains of A. tumefaciens and A. vitis was low by rep-PCR. These results suggest that a pathogen causing crown gall in grapevine in Chungbuk province may transmitted through the seedlings rather than via soil or roots.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.489-499
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• 2016

Green shoot cuttings of 10 different grapevine species were inoculated with Agrobacterium vitis to find disease-related metabolites in the grapevine. Crown galls formed 60 days after inoculation varied in gall severity (GS) evaluated by gall incidence (GI) and gall diameter (GD), which were classified into three response types as RR (low GI and small GD), SR (high GI and small GD), and SS (high GI and large GD), corresponding to resistant, moderately resistant, and susceptible responses, respectively. In this, 4, 4, and 2 Vitis species were classified into RR, SR, and SS, respectively. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the grapevine stem metabolites with A. vitis infection showed 134 metabolites in various compound classes critically occurred, which were differentially clustered with the response types by the principal component analysis. Multivariate analysis of the metabolite profile revealed that 11 metabolites increased significantly in relation to the response types, mostly at post-inoculation stages, more prevalently (8 metabolites) at two days after inoculation than other stages, and more related to SS (7 metabolites) than RR (3 metabolites) or SR (one metabolite). This suggests most of the disease-related metabolites may be rarely pre-existing but mostly induced by pathogen infection largely for facilitating gall development except stilbene compound resveratrol, a phytoalexin that may be involved in the resistance response. All of these aspects may be used for the selection of resistant grapevine cultivars and their rootstocks for the control of the crown gall disease of the grapevine.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.308-314
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• 2011

Efficient transformation and regeneration methods are a priority for successful application of genetic engineering to vegetative propagated plants such as grape. In this study, methods for Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation and plant regeneration of grapevine (Vitis vinifera) were evaluated. Tamnara, Heukgoosul, Heukbosek, Rizamat were co-cultivated with Agrobacterium strains, LBA4404 containing the vector pBI121 carrying with CaMV 35S promoter, GUS gene as reporter gene and resistance to kanamycin as selective agent. Seven percent of the maximum regeneration frequency was obtained from co-cultivated with explants from Rizamat with LBA4404 strain on selection medium with kanamycin. The addition of acetosyringone, 200 ${\mu}m$ in virulence induction step was a key factor for successful GUS reporter gene expression in grapevine transformation. Transgenic plants showed resistance to kanamycin and the GUS positive response in leaf ($T_0$) stem ($T_0$) and petiole ($T_0$).

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.97-101
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• 1998

Agrobacterium vitis causes a crown gall disease in grapevine and that is one of the major hindrances for the wide cultivation and production of grapevine. We studied the possibility of biological control using selected biological control agent. One isolate from the infected soil, named as strain 27, was able to inhibit the biovar 1; A. tumefaciens C58 and Ach5, biovar 2; A. rhizogenes 13264, and biovar 3; A. vitis, in vitro and in vivo test. The putative biological control agent, A. radiobacter strain 27 was carrying the plasmid and the size of isolated plasmid was very similar to that of pAgK84 of A. radiobacter K84.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.63-64
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• 2003

현재 재배되고 있는 포도속 식물 8품종의 잎 절편과 잎 절편에서 얻어진 callus를 이용하여 신초 재생과 체세포배발생 유도 실험을 수행하였다. 생장조절제 종류별 첨가 농도 및 에너지원이 되는 sucrose의 농도별 첨가에 따른 배양 조직의 변화를 살펴보았으며, 활성탄의 첨가 유무가 체세포배발생에 미치는 영향에 관한 실험을 실시하였다. 또한, 잎 절편과 잎 절편에서 얻어진 callus에 $\beta$-glucuronidase (gus) 유전자를 가진 Agrobacterium tumefasciens를 접종하여 포도속의 유전자 전환시 접종 효율을 검정하였다.(중략)