• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.188-198
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• 2013

Advancement toward aging society has presented the importance of house planning in consideration of the elderly, increasing the necessity of such planning. Therefore the importance of indoor design guideline for elderly houses has been stressed and the understanding of the aging in regard to this trend will create more mature spaces. In line with this trend the purpose of this study is to study the medical factors related with bathroom interior design guidelines of the existing elderly houses from the viewpoint of deteriorating physical functions due to aging process. In order to research the deterioration of physical functions due to aging literatures of medical and exercise physiology were used and concerning the existing bathroom design guidelines for the aged people, the guideline items of behavior facilitation, physiological maintenance and perceptual maintenance aspects out of Murtha & Lee's user benefit criteria(1976) related with physical functions were selected to research in relation with the knowledge about the deterioration phenomena of physical functions. Physical aging and deterioration aspects were classified from the viewpoint of musculoskeletal disorder, cardiovascular disorder, respiratory disorder, gastronomy disorder, urology disorder, somatosensory disorder, endocrine disorder, immune disorder, nervous disorder and skin diseases and these were utilized in interpreting total 100 items of bathroom design guideline. Because bathroom is the space where many physical movements are done, it had the closest relationship with the deterioration of musculoskeletal health in general and as bathroom is the space where people use water and feel the difference in temperature and moisture more than other spaces, deterioration of skin and somatosensory health had the next closest relationship. The result of this study revealed that regarding the deterioration of physical functions of the elderly people in aspect of their perceptibility as designers will design creatively and sincerely based on its relationship with nervous system in future, the result of this study will be used to develop better spatial designs efficiently to meet for the aging society.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.106-111
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• 2016

Objective : The aim of this study is to report the effect of Hani-maehwa laser(fractional mode) treatment on acne scar. Methods : The patient with atrophic facial acne scars was treated with 5 sessions of laser therapy at 4-week intervals. The therapeutic response to treatment was assessed at 3 months after last laser session. The treatment effect was evaluated by standardized photography, anti aging, skin brightness and flatness. That was measured by micro fluorescence measurement camera(ECO SKIN, Cuvitz Inc.) in 16(left zygoma) and 26(right zygoma) spot. And side effects were also checked. Results : Atrophic facial acne scars have improved markedly. Anti aging, skin brightness and flatness were improved. Especially anti aging and flatness were noticeably improved. Adverse effects were not reported.Conclusions : Korean medicine cautery method applies to high level laser(CO₂ Hani-maehwa laser). These are different designs but same principle. It can be considered that laser therapy is effective method for treating acne scars.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.213-216
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• 2005

To develop a new anti-skin aging cosmetics or functional foods by using elastase inhibitor, a potent elastase inhibitor was screened from various extracts of medicinal plants and its optimal extraction condition was investigated. Methanol extracts of Rubi fructus showed the highest elastase inhibitory activity of 85%. The elastase inhibitor of Rubi fructus was maximally extracted when it was treated with 80% methanol at $50^{\circ}C$ for 12hr and its elastase inhibitory activity $(IC_{50})$ was 0.52 mg.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.30 no.10
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• pp.1567-1573
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• 2020

Ultraviolet (UV) is one of the major factors harmful to skin health. Irradiation with ultraviolet accelerates the decline of skin function, causing the skin to have deep wrinkles, dryness, decreased procollagen production, and degradation of collagen. Novel materials are needed to prevent the aging of the skin by blocking the effects of UV. Safflower seed oil (Charthamus tinctorius L., SSO) contains significantly high levels of unsaturated fatty acids and phytochemicals. SSO has been traditionally used in China, Japan, and Korea to improve skin and hair. Our objective in this study was to determine the effect of SSO and its active compound acacetin on UVB-induced skin photoaging in HaCaT cells and human dermal fibroblasts (HDF). SSO inhibited UVB-induced matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) at both protein and mRNA levels in HaCaT cells and HDF. MMP-1 is known to play important roles in collagen degradation and wrinkle formation. Acacetin, a type of flavonoid, is present in SSO. Similar to SSO, acacetin also inhibited UVB-induced MMP-1 protein and mRNA levels in HaCaT cells and HDF. MMP-1 mRNA is primarily regulated by the mitogen-activated kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. Acacetin regulated the phosphorylation of JNK1/2 and c-jun, but did not inhibit the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38 and AKT. Taken together, these results indicate that SSO and its active compound acacetin can prevent UVB-induced MMP-1 expression, which leads to skin photoaging, and may therefore have therapeutic potential as an anti-wrinkle agent to improve skin health.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.640-647
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• 2023

The skin, the largest organ in the body, undergoes age-related changes influenced by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. The primary external factor is photoaging which causes hyperpigmentation, uneven skin surface, deep wrinkles, and markedly enlarged capillaries. In the human dermis, it decreases fibroblast function, resulting in a lack of collagen structure and also decreases keratinocyte function, which compromises the strength of the protective barrier. In this study, we found that treatment with γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) had no toxicity to skin fibroblasts and GABA enhanced their migration ability, which can accelerate skin wound healing. UVB radiation was found to significantly induce the production of matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1), but treatment with GABA resulted in the inhibition of MMP-1 production. We also investigated the enhancement of filaggrin and aquaporin 3 in keratinocytes after treatment with GABA, showing that GABA can effectively improve skin moisturization. In vivo experiments showed that oral administration of GABA significantly improved skin wrinkles and epidermal thickness. After the intake of GABA, there was a significant decrease observed in the increase of skin thickness measured by calipers and erythema. Additionally, the decrease in skin moisture and elasticity in hairless mice exposed to UVB radiation was also significantly restored. Overall, this study demonstrates the potential of GABA as functional food material for improving skin aging and moisturizing.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.525-529
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• 2006

Purpose: Facial nerve injury is a rare but feared complication of face lift. Uncertainty as to the depth and vulnerability of the facial nerve in face lift dissection causes some surgeon, particularly novices, to dissect slowly. Excessively thin flaps can be made because of fear of nerve injury, contributing to skin slough. Methods: From September 1998 to February 2003, the authors operated on 34 aging face patients using classical face-lift. We had analysed about quantity of skin removal and degree of elevated flap. The authors have found quantity of skin removal was 1.5-2.0 cm, degree of elevated flap was 40-45 degree on average. Results: The authors performed preauricular pre-excision face-lift technique on 12 aging face patients from July 2003 to Feburary 2005 based on experienced surgery. This technique reduced fear of dissecting skin flap necrosis and facial nerve injury because of firmly attached pre-auricular skin removed in advance. Conclusions: We easily dissected SMAS without visual field disturbance, nerve damage and reduced operation time and bleeding loss compared to classical face-lift.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.99-102
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• 2007

To prepare freeze-dried ascorbyl palmitate (AsP)-containing liposome which can protect the drug from moisture attack and be used instantly by mixing with water for anti-aging and skin whitening therapy, AsP was encapsulated into liposomes and freeze-dried with trehalose. The freeze-dried liposome formulations were characterized by measuring water contents, particle size, time required for complete reconstitution. With the freeze-dried liposomes, we performed the stability test under accelerated conditions, skin permeation and localization test. The measurement of the time to perfect reconstitution showed that the freeze-dried liposomes can be changed to their initial state rapidly and short term stability test of AsP in reconstituted liposomes under accelerated conditions confirmed that the stability of AsP was considerably enhanced as compared to freshly prepared liposomes. The skin permeation and localization properties of AsP in reconstituted liposomes were not significantly different, indicating that the liposomal structures were maintained before and after freezedrying. In conclusion, the freeze-drying method provided a possible way to overcome the instability issue of AsP induced by the moisture and reproduced similar skin permeation and localization properties as shown by freshly prepared liposomes.

• Journal of Platform Technology
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.3-10
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• 2022

The effectiveness of an innovative skin treatment system that delivers an anti-aging solution deep into the skin without invasiveness and pain using a non-invasive air technology was investigated. In addition, an effective change using a non-invasive technique for delivering a solution for skin improvement was confirmed. The equipment named Cellre Jet is an effective skin care and drug delivery equipment that instantly opens the skin epidermis by using a maximum output pressure of 6 bars and high-pressure purified oxygen of 75-90% purity to deliver various nano-sized vital substances deep into the skin, and it uses the method of precisely controlling the equipment through an 8-inch digital touch display to accurately dispense the prescribed dosage. In this study, changes in skin condition were analyzed using this equipment and nano ampoules on subjects with actual skin problems through a related comparison and effectiveness judgment program. Through this study, skin care and drug delivery are possible, which will contribute to verifying the effectiveness of this non-invasive drug delivery equipment in the future, and is expected to establish the systematic effect in observing and studying changes in the skin.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.260-268
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• 2016

Background: During the aging process, skin shows visible changes, characterized by a loss of elasticity and the appearance of wrinkles due to reduced collagen production and decreased elasticity of elastin fibers. Panax ginseng Meyer has been used as a traditional medicine for various diseases due to its wide range of biological activities including skin protective effects. Ginsenosides are the main components responsible for the biological activities of ginseng. However, the protective activities of an enzymatic preparation of red ginseng against human skin aging have not been investigated. Methods: The efficacy of an enzyme-treated powder complex of red ginseng (BG11001) in preventing human skin aging was evaluated by oral administration to 78 randomized individuals. All patients were requested to take three daily capsules containing either 750 mg of BG11001 or a placebo vehicle for 24 wk; at the end of the testing period, skin roughness, elasticity, and skin water content were measured. Results: BG11001 significantly reduced the average roughness of eye wrinkles and the Global Photo Damage Score compared with the placebo, although there were no significant differences in arithmetic roughness average between the groups. In addition, gross elasticity and net elasticity values increased, and transepidermal water loss level decreased, indicating improved skin elasticity and moisture content. Conclusion: In conclusion, enzyme-treated red ginseng extract significantly improved eye wrinkle roughness, skin elasticity, and moisture content. Moreover, enzyme-treated red ginseng extract would be useful substance as a bio-health skin care product.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.139-145
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• 2021

Plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles (PELNs) are known to include various biological activities and possess high biocompatibility. Because PELNs can influence immune responses, cell differentiation, and proliferation regulation, they can be applied in multiple industries. However, the studies on the skin physiological of exosome-like nanovesicles derived from plant callus are insignificant compared to nanovesicles derived from mammalian cells. In this study, callus was induced from apple fruit (Malus domestica), and exosome-like nanovesicles (ACELNs) were isolated for improving skin barrier and anti-aging. The yield of ACELNs was 6.42 × 10⁹ particles/mL, and the particle size was ranged from 100 to 200 nm. HDF cells and HaCaT cells were concentration-dependent, increased in cell, and decreased in cytotoxicity. The cornified envelope formation was significantly increased compared to the control group. The COL1A1 expression and the FBN1 expression in HDF cells were increased. In addition, the ACELNs promoted collagen biosynthesis in UVA-irradiated HDF cells. These results might be considered as potential materials that could improve skin barrier and prevent skin aging.