• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.211-230
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• 2016

Social commerce is a new type of e-commence that is based on social networking technologies and aggressive marketing strategies, such as one-deal-a-day. However, although social commerce has become very popular, little is known of customers' substantive purchasing behaviors when using social commerce sites. These behaviors, namely visiting and purchasing behaviors, are the focus of this study. Hence, this study aims to provide comprehensive understanding of the visiting and purchasing behaviors of customers in relation to social commerce sites. A research model based on the utilitarian and hedonic values of shopping, social influence, and convenience, which represent social commerce features, was developed and empirically analyzed using data from social commerce site users. The results revealed that purchasing behaviors of consumers when they use social commerce sites are affected directly by the utilitarian value (perceived usefulness) of the site as well as their purchase intention. Purchase intention is affected by perceived usefulness, subjective norm, and visiting behaviors. The visiting behaviors of consumers in relation to social commerce sites are also affected directly by the hedonic value (playfulness) of the site as well as their intention to visit the site. The findings of this study have implications for practitioners with regard to understanding and promoting the use of social commerce sites.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-18
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• 2001

Peer status, friendship, and school adjustment were measured for 326 third and fourth graders (171 boys, 155 girls). School adjustment was assessed by academic performance, and social behaviors were rated by teachers while attitudes toward school were reported by children. Examination of the relative contributions of peer status and friendship to school adjustment revealed both unique and joint explanations. Children's academic performance was mainly explained by peer status; popular children had higher performance than rejected children. Attitudes toward school were more positive for children who reported higher friendship quality. Prosocial behaviors were higher for the popular group and for children with more stable reciprocal friends; aggressive behaviors were higher for the rejected group and competitive children with close friends; withdrawal behaviors were higher for the neglected group and children with few reciprocal friends.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.67-82
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation of social support and aggression of early adolescents. The subject were 220 adolescents aged 11 & 14 years, who were enrolled 11 child welfare facilities or 6 public schools(3 elementary & 3 middle schools) in Seoul. That is, 110 institutionalized(IA) & 110 middle class home-reared adolescent (HA)s were examined. They subjects were asked to complete the questionnaire on social support and aggression. According to the results, 1)IAs perceived less support from peers or adults and showed more aggressive behaviors than HAs. 2)Significant sex difference was observed in aggression. Girls showed lower level of aggression than boys. 3)Adolescents' aggression was significantly correlated with social support. The more support from friends, classmates, and parents HAs perceive, the less aggression they reported. Though support from peers was correlated significantly only with anger expression, support from parents was correlated significantly with all the components of aggression. And the more support from friends and classmates HAs perceive, the less aggression they reported. These findings implicate that social support is a important factor in preventing aggressive behaviors of early adolescents.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.528-538
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of multisensory stimulation (MSS) using familiarity on persons with dementia (PWDs) residing in nursing homes in Korea. Methods: A nonequivalent control group with pre and posttests was used. Fifty one PWDs were included if they: 1) were over 65 yr old, 2) were diagnosed with dementia, 3) had no visual or speech impairments, 4) were able to communicate, and 5) had spent more than one month in a nursing home. The experimental group (n=25) received a 55 min MSS program twice a week for 10 weeks. The outcome variables included were cognition, activities of daily living, grip strength, depression, wandering, and aggressive behaviors. Repeated ANOVA was used for data analysis. Results: There were no significant differences in demographics or the main variables at pretest. Cognition, depression, wandering, and aggressive behaviors were significant over time between the two groups. Grip strength was only significant when accounting for interaction between group and time. Conclusion: An intervention of MSS using familiarity was marginally effective in improving cognition, depression, wandering, and aggression. Future study is suggested with a larger sample and longer treatment to retest the effects of MSS.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.99-109
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• 2000

There has been a considerable number of studies on aggressive behaviors and violences, but it is hard to find one that gives us clear and satisfactory answers with transparent conclusions. Juvenile aggressiveness seems to be caused by unsatisfied desire in the problematic situations and emotional instability. The aim of this study is to find out how emotional instability - especially mathematics anxiety - is correlated with aggressiveness and how aggressiveness affects mathematics proficiency, and thus to help students improve their academic proficiency by finding out appropriate measures to take in case of aggressive behaviors of students. Main tasks of this study are as follows : 1. To find out any correlation between aggressiveness of the experimental students and their mathematics proficiency. 2. Is there any correlation between aggressiveness and mathematics anxiety\ulcorner 3. Is there any correlation between aggressiveness and academic proficiency\ulcorner The conclusion of this study is as follows : 1. There are some negative correlations between the degree of mathematics anxiety and mathematics proficiency. This is mainly because negative emotional state developed from one's uneasiness for fear of failure disturbs one's learning process and thus weakens the will for achieving the task. 2. While aggressiveness doesn't show any significant correlations with academic proficiency, it does have some with mathematics anxiety.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.36 no.8
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• pp.21-37
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to review the importance of authoritative parenting for children's social adjustment. From the review it was suggested that the importance of authoritative parenting might be different according to the cultural contexts, which are Western and Asian cultures, and aggressive and social withdrawal behaviors. From the comparative cultural viewpoint, authoritarian parenting is not considered negatively by Asian parents, comparing with Western parents. Therefore the assumption that authoritative parenting has universal positiveness and authoritarian parenting has universal negativeness should be reconsidered. Regardless of cultures, children's aggressive behavior was related to the authoritarian parenting positively. But, in Asia, especially in China, the social withdrawal did not show at least negative relation with authoritative parenting. And it was reported that the authoritarian parenting could contribute to the change of inhibited behavior and enhancing the social adjustment. In addition, some implications were suggested for future researches about the relation between children's social adjustment and child rearing practices. Though this literature review was not exclusively based on the empirical studies, it would be valuable for reconsidering the perspective of Korean developmentalists interested in the relation between parenting and children's development in Korean culture.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.144-153
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• 2014

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the correlation between the health behaviors and the aggression in Korean high school students. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted with a survey of 2,676 high school students. Aggression was measured in four categories (physical aggression, verbal aggression, anger and hostility) using the Aggression Questionnaire, a modified hostility inventory by Buss and Perry. Result: Univariate analysis showed that sex, smoking, alcohol, caffeine, pain pills and gastrointestinal drugs were significantly associated with aggression scores. Boys scored higher than girls in terms of physical and verbal aggression. With respect to the habit of self-medication, students who took pain pills in the last 30 days revealed higher scores in all four aggressive constructs. From multivariate analysis, it was found that alcohol, caffeine, smoking, pain pills, sex and gastrointestinal drugs were independently associated with total aggression score in the order of importance. Alcohol and caffeine, among these factors, had strong correlation with all aggressive characteristics. Conclusion: This study identified a consistent association between the aggression of the students and health behavioral factors, but causal relationship remains to be proven.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.246-256
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• 2002

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate correlations between environmental characteristics and disturbing behaviors in elderly people with dementia living in institutions. Method: A random sample of 107 subjects in three institutions for people with dementia in the Gyeongnam Province was tested between May 29 and June 5, 2002. Data was collected through a questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS/PC Win 10.0 Result: The major findings of the study are as follows. 1) the mean score on physical environment was $3.55{\pm}0.47$, and on psychosocial environment, $3.55{\pm}3.08$. 2) the mean score on disturbing behaviors showed that nonaggressive psychomotor behavior was the highest, and aggressive psychomotor behavior was the lowest. 3) the disturbing behaviors. in 5 the domains correlated with the environment and influencing factors included environment, family, level of dementia and level of ADL. Conclusion: Both the present physical environment and psychosocial environment influence the type of disturbing behavior in elderly people with dementia. Therefore, nursing can reduce the disturbing behaviors through maintenance of both the psychosocial environment and the physical environment. Furthermore, nurses must consider disturbing behaviors of elderly people with dementia by being aware of the level of dementia and ADL.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.53-63
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• 2003

The autistic disorder is identified as an independent clinical entity, since the first description of Leo Kanner. The etiologies of the autistic disorder are almost unclear and the autistic disorder has several abnormalities in aspect of morphology and function of brain. Self-mutilation is observed in the low functioning autistic patients, and early treatment for self mutilation are needed in order not to be chronic. This article reviewed the drugs for the several symptoms of the autistic disorder, especially for self-mutilation. The serotonin reuptake inhibitors does not have clear primary anti-aggressive effects. The dopamine blockers have considerable effects in order to decrease aggression and self injury, and the risperidone is most recommended because of side effects of conventional drugs. The naltrextone does not have consistent study results yet. The clonidine has aggression-decreasing effect. Also lithium is effective on the treatment for aggressive and self-injurious behaviors. And the anticonvulsants including carbamazepine are effective on aggressive explosive behaviors. In the future the pharmacotherapy for self-mutilation will be advanced through stalbe diagnosis and measurement of treatment response.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.453-469
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• 2000

This study has a purpose to provide information to help develop nursing intervention for demented elderly staying at home. For this purpose I analysed the relationship of patients' disturbing behaviors with their demographic and social characteristics, premorbid personality, and present environmental characteristics through questionnaire survey on their family members. The survey was performed through direct interview, telephone contact. and mail in the regions of Pusan and Gyeongnam. Among family members contacted. 112 ones made an appropriate response to the survey. The statistical package SAS was utilized for descriptive statistics, correlation coefficients, stepwise multiple regression, and cluster analysis. The results of the study were as follows: 1) Demographic and social characteristics of the patients surveyed are female 81.3%, average age 81.4 years, lack of schooling 83.0%, spouse dead 73.2%, having no other disease 58.9%, average duration of dementia 3.8 years, no medical treatment for dementia 84.8%, good married life 40.2%, and primary care given by daughter-in-law 49.1%. 2) Aggressive Psychomotor Behavior(APB) was observed in a way statistically meaningful in case that primary care was given by daughter-in-law, while Nonaggressive Psychomotor Behavior(NPB) was in case of good married life and primary care given by other than daughter-in-law and spouse. Verbally aggressive behavior (VAB) was observed in groups of female, spouse dead, bad married life, and daughter-in-law's primary care. As for Passive Behavior(PB), it was observed in case that patients had educational background of not less high than middle school and that they were having medical treatment. Functionally Impaired Behavior(FIB) was observed in age group of 60-69 and more than 90, in patients' group having no other disease, and in case that the duration of dementia was not less than 5 years. 3) Premobid Neuroticism(N) showed positive correlation with APB and VAB, while Openness (O) did negative correlation with PB. Agreeableness (A) was proved to have positive correlation with PA and FIB, but to have negative correlation with APB and VAB. In addition, Conscientiousness(C) showed negative correlation with APB and VAB. 4) The worse the psychosocial environment was, the more NPB and VAB were observed. 5) APB was explained 24% by C and primary care-giver, while NPB was explained 28% by psychosocial environment, having other disease or not, and married life. VAB was explained 40% by A. sex, and married life. On the other hand PB was explained 33% by O, A. N, and having medical treatment or not. But any significant factor was not found to explain FIB. 6) A cluster analysis was performed on disturbing behaviors of demented elderly staying at home. It enabled to regroup the demented elderly in 5 patterns: high scored in NPB, high scored in FIB. high scored in NPB and VAB, moderately scored in most disturbing behaviors, and low scored in all areas. In conclusion, disturbing behaviors of demented elderly not only reflect their premorbid personality in the past, but also are affected by their present psychosocial environment. Therefore, it is necessary to encourage and respond them with understanding their disturbing behaviors in relation to their past premorbid personality. In addition, it is important to provide them better psychosocial environment in order to reduce their disturbing behaviors.