• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.173-179
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• 2003

실제 현장에서 사용하고 있는 고강도 콘크리트 배합의 단위시멘트량은 대부분의 경우 소요의 슬럼프를 확보하는데 필요한 양으로 결정된다. 이 방법은 보통 강도 콘크리트의 배합설계 개념을 적용한 것이기 때문에 필요 이상의 단위시멘트량을 사용하게 된다. 따라서 상대적으로 많은 양의 시멘트를 사용하게 되어 콘크리트의 내구성을 저하시키게 된다. 이에 본 연구에서는 고강도 콘크리트의 내구성과 시공성 및 강도를 동시에 고려한 적정 단위시멘트량을 분석하였으며, 적정 단위시멘트량을 사용함에 따른 혼화제 첨가량 및 적정잔골재율에 대해 검토하였다. 실험 결과, 본 연구의 실험조건에서 단위시멘트량을 $370kg/m^3$으로부터 $550kg/m^3$까지 사용하더라도 압축강도의 차이는 거의 없는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 콘크리트의 배합시 소요의 설계강도뿐만 아니라 내구성과 시공성을 동시에 만족하는 최소의 단위시멘트량을 결정하여 적용하여야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국방재학회 논문집
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.51-58
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• 2008

최근 국내외에서 도로포장설계법에 경험적/역학적 개념을 적용한 설계법의 개발 및 이의 활용을 위한 연구가 매우 활발하게 진행 중에 있다. 미국의 경우 AASHTO 2002 설계법, 우리나라의 경우 한국형 도로포장설계법의 개발이 진행 중에 있고, 개발되는 설계법에 도로포장재료의 역학적 물성치 평가가 상당히 중요한 역할을 하게 구성되어 있다. 따라서 설계법에 이용될 국내 아스팔트 혼합물의 재료물성의 평가가 매우 시급한 실정이다. 이 재료의 물성치를 평가하는 방법 중 최근에 많이 적용되는 방법이 동탄성계수시험이다. 본 연구에서는 아스팔트 포장체의 시간에 따른 노화특성을 고려한 아스팔트 포장체의 동탄성계수를 평가하였고, 이를 이용하여 동탄성계수 예측방정식을 제안하였다. 시험에 이용된 아스팔트 혼합물은 KS 표준규격에 사용되는 9종(SMA 및 SBS 포함)과 3종류의 아스팔트 바인더를 이용하였다. 보통 공장에서 배합, 생산되어 현장으로 이동하고 다짐이 완료되기까지 걸리는 시간을 고려하면 단기노화조건은 $135^{\circ}C$ 4시간이 적절할 것으로 판단되며, 공정이 빠르고 관리가 잘되는 조건을 반영 한다면 $135^{\circ}C$ 2시간이 적절할 것이다. 장기노화 시험은 공용단계의 아스팔트 바인더의 노화를 시험하였다. 전체적으로 노화가 진행되면서 동탄성계수가 높아짐을 알 수 있다. 최대입경이 클수록 그 정도는 작아지는데 그 이유는 아스팔트 바인더의 효과 보다 골재의 효과가 그 비중이 증가함에 따른 것이다.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.111-121
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• 2023

The influence of material composition such as aggregate types, addition of supplementary cementitious materials as well as exposed temperature levels have significant impacts on concrete residual mechanical strength properties when exposed to elevated temperature. This study is based on data obtained from literature for fly ash blended concrete produced with natural and recycled concrete aggregates to efficiently develop prediction models for estimating its residual compressive strength after exposure to high temperatures. To achieve this, an extensive database that contains different mix proportions of fly ash blended concrete was gathered from published articles. The specific design variables considered were percentage replacement level of Recycled Concrete Aggregate (RCA) in the mix, fly ash content (FA), Water to Binder Ratio (W/B), and exposed Temperature level. Thereafter, a simplified mathematical equation for the prediction of concrete's residual compressive strength using Gene Expression Programming (GEP) was developed. The relative importance of each variable on the model outputs was also determined through global sensitivity analysis. The GEP model performance was validated using different statistical fitness formulas including R², MSE, RMSE, RAE, and MAE in which high R² values above 0.9 are obtained in both the training and validation phase. The low measured errors (e.g., mean square error and mean absolute error are in the range of 0.0160 - 0.0327 and 0.0912 - 0.1281 MPa, respectively) in the developed model also indicate high efficiency and accuracy of the model in predicting the residual compressive strength of fly ash blended concrete exposed to elevated temperatures.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.589-596
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• 2015

건설산업의 양적팽창과 함께 도시화가 진행되면서 콘크리트는 건설재료로서 가장 많이 사용되는 재료로서 다양한 발전을 해왔다. 하지만 콘크리트를 제작하는데 필수 요소는 골재자원이 점진적으로 고갈되고 있으며 환경문제에 대한 규제의 강화로 인해 골재부족현상은 갈수록 커지고 있는 실정이다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 준설토 투기로 인해 버려지는 갯벌을 골재로 치환하여 사용한 친환경 모르타르를 제작하여 그 역학적 특성을 규명하고 또한 내화성능을 확인하기 위해 가열을 한 뒤 잔존압축강도를 측정하였다. 그 결과 MM1, MM2, MM3의 잔존압축강도는 각각 45%, 95%, 57.7%의 강도를 발현하였으며 MM2의 배합에서 내화성능이 가장 우수한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.89-98
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• 2015

PURPOSES : The objective of this study is to evaluate the performance properties of chip seals and fog seals with polymer-modified emulsions. METHODS : The performance of chip seals and fog seals was evaluated on the basis of common issues in surface treatments. Granite aggregate and four types of asphalt emulsions (one of the unmodified and three of the modified emulsions) were used considering the usage in field. A Vialit test was performed to determine the aggregate retention, and the MMLS3 (Third Scale Model Mobile Load Simulator) test was conducted to determine the aggregate retention, bleeding, and rutting. In addition, the fog seal specimens were tested by the BPT (British Pendulum Test) to evaluate skid resistance. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS : Overall, the polymer-modified emulsions (PMEs) showed better aggregate retention and bleeding resistance for both chip seals and fog seals. When comparing the performance of the PMEs, the difference was not considerable. In addition, PMEs present significantly better rutting resistance than unmodified emulsions. For skid resistance, if the recommended mix design is applied, the specimens do not cause issues with skid resistance. Although all of the fog seal specimens were over the criteria for skid resistance, the specimen fabricated by the high emulsion application rate (EAR) of the unmodified emulsion was nearly equivalent to the skid value criteria. Therefore, the use of an unmodified emulsion with a high EAR should be carefully applied in the field.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2005년도 봄학술 발표회 논문집(II)
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• pp.129-132
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• 2005

Reclamation coal ash, which is generated as a byproduct at a coal thermal power plant is not recycled but dumped into an ash landfill disposal site. Furthermore, various byproducts and wastes have been proposed for use from the point of reduction in the environmental load. Authors have started research to develope manufacturing technology of concrete mixture design method with large amount of land reclamation coal ash. In this study an optimum mix proportion design for utilizing the reclamation coal ash and containing copper slags as an aggregate for secondary concrete products such as a wave dissipating blocks was successfully developed.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.283-290
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• 2009

Bottom ash는 플라이애쉬와 달리 거의 대부분이 산업폐기물로 분류되어 화력발전소 회사장에 매립처리 되고 있으나, 그 자체가 갖고 있는 경량성을 이용하여 기포콘크리트의 골재로 활용한다면 중량 감소에 따른 지반침하저감 및 구조물에 작용하는 측방 유동압 및 토압을 저감할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 부산자원으로 재활용함으로써 환경보호 및 경제적 자원으로 가치창조할수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 bottom ash 적용에 따른 기포콘크리트의 역학적 특성을 파악하기 위하여 그 적용비율을 변수로 하여 단위용적질량, 공기량, 물-시멘트비 등의 변화, 소요 시멘트량의 특성을 실험을 통해 검토하였으며, 이들이 압축강도에 미치는 영향에 대해서도 평가하였다. 실험결과를 분석한 결과, bottom ash의 적용은 그 적용 비율에 따라 단위용적질량, 공기량, 물-시멘트비, 압축강도에 미치는 영향의 정도가 다르게 나타났으며, 이를 토대로 각 인자별 주요 상관관계를 도출하였다. 또한, 본 연구의 결과를 통해 bottom ash를 경량콘크리트의 골재로 활용할 경우 시공시 필요로 하는 조건에 부합할 수 있는 배합비 선정 안을 제안하였다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.157-166
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• 2012

Most of the roads are paved with impermeable materials such as asphalt concrete and cement concrete, and in the event of heavy rainfall, rainwater directly flows into river through a drainage hole on the pavement surface. This large quantity of rainwater directly spilled into the river frequently leads to the flooding of urban streams, damaging lowlands and the lower reaches of a river. In recent years there has been a great deal of ongoing research concerning water permeability and drainage in pavements. Accordingly, in this research, a porous polymer concrete was developed for permeable pavement by using unsaturated polyester resin as a binder, recycled aggregate as coarse aggregate, fly ash and blast furnace slag as filler, and its physical and mechanical properties were investigated. Also, 3 types of permeable polymer block by optimum mix design were developed and rainfall runoff reduction effects by permeability pavement using permeable polymer block were analyzed based on hydraulic experimental model. The infiltration volume, infiltration ratio, runoff initial time and runoff volume in permeability pavement with permeable polymer block of $300{\times}300{\times}80$ mm were evaluated for 50, 100 and 200mm/hr rainfall intensity.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.19-25
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• 2014

PURPOSES : This study was performed to evaluate the possibility of Indirect Tensile Strength (ITS) as a testing method that can predict cracking on pavement. METHODS : Three asphalt binders and one kind of aggregate were used in this study, and all asphalt mixtures were produced using Gyratory Compactor followed asphalt mix design. The ITS test was performed for the mixture which are artificially short-term aged using the oven. The ITS properties were analyzed by air void, compaction temperature, asphalt content, and asphalt binder. RESULTS : The results of this study indicated that (1) the compaction temperature did not show relationship with the ITS test; (2) there was no specific trend between the asphalt content and the ITS test; (3) the ITS could reveal the property of kinds of asphalt binders; (4) the asphalt mixture that were produced at optimum temperature suggested by manufacturer did not exhibit optimum result for all asphalt binder. CONCLUSIONS : The possibility of ITS was confirmed from this study for replacement of the Marshall Stability method. However, it needs to perform in further studies of aggregate and compaction property to suggest a new ITS standard value.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.639-646
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• 2010

Differently from fly ash, the bottom ash produced from incinerated urban solid waste has been treated as an industrial waste matter, and almost reclaimed a tract form the sea. If this waste material is applicable to foam concrete as an fine aggregate, however, it may be worthy of environmental preservation by recycling of waste material as well as reducing self-weight of high-rising structure and long-span bridge. This research has an objective of evaluating the effects of application of bottom ash on the mechanical properties of foam concrete. Thus, the ratio of bottom ash to cement was selected as a variable for experiment and the effect was tested by compression strength, flexural strength, absorption ratio, density, expansion factor. It can be observed from experiments that the application ratios have different effects on the material parameters considered in this experiment, thus major relationship between application ratio and each material parameter were finally introduced. The result of this study can be applied to decide a optimal mix design proportion of foam light-weight concrete while bottom ash is used as an fine aggregate of the concrete.