• 약학회지
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• 제56권5호
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• pp.314-319
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• 2012

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of vision loss and blindness among the elderly. In this study, extract of Vaccinium uliginosum L. that has potent antioxidant activity was evaluated as effective preventive supplement for AMD using AMD animal model induced by high fat diet and UV A irradiation. Treatment with VU extract protected photoreceptor cells of retina and blocked the accumulation of lipofuscin pigment-granules induced by high fat diet and UV A light irradiation. This study suggests that VU extract may be a useful agent for prevention of progress of AMD.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.66-75
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• 2015

Object : The purpose of this study is to understand age-related maculardegeneration(AMD) with both western and Korean medicine.Methods : We investigated the comprehension of general AMD degenation in both western and Korean medicine through literature review.Results : The results are as follows.1. AMD prevalent increasing as the population ages; however, treatment options remain limited and incompletely defined.2. Generally macular degeneration has been affected by aging and is associate with the function of kidney(腎) and liver(肝) in Korean medicine.Conclusion : Further studies are needed to apply comprehension of AMD in Korean medicine to clinical stage.

• Interdisciplinary Bio Central
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.13.1-13.6
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• 2012

The advanced glycation endproducts receptor (AGER) is a multiligand signal transduction receptor. One of its ligands, S100b molecules activates vascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells via its receptor, thus triggering activation of signaling cascades and generation of cytokines and proinflammatory molecules. Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme Ubc9 is an E2 conjugating enzyme that transfers the activated small ubiquitin-related modifier to protein substrates, and thus it plays a critical role in SUR-Mylation-mediated cellular pathways. Previous studies have shown that both AGE-R and Ubc9 play roles in diverse cellular signaling pathways. However, until recently, little attention has been paid to interactions between AGE-R and Ubc9. In this study, sequence database searches allowed us to identify a potential interaction motif between AGE-R and Ubc9. The subsequent biochemical and molecular biological analysis suggested that there may be specificity in AGE-R and Ubc9 complex signaling in atherosclerosis and cancer cells in a cell-type specific manner. Although the determinant for specificity in AGE-R and Ubc9 complex signaling in cancer cells and atherosclerosis is yet to be determined, this study provides the basis to develop a specific therapeutic application of AGE-R, SURM (small ubiquitin-related modifier)-1, and Ubc9 complex activation pathways in atherosclerosis, diabetes, cancer and inflammatory diseases.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.12-24
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• 1999

In Korea. the investigation were related of health promotion is actively expanded Since 1990. We analysed the characteristics of the theses for an academic degree. relate to lifestyle of health promotion. have published since 1980. According to age group. analysing causal factors affection the health-promotion and will sugesting for health promotion program strateges. The results were summarized as follows: 1. Health promoting caocept is related to health locus of control. self respect. perceived health status. self ifficacy and gender role. 2. Among health promoting lifestyle. emotional support, self-realizationhygienic lifestyle were significantly positive. and the older. the lesser health-promoting complicnce. 3. Causal factors affecting the health-promoting lifestyle were identified health promoting behaviors wire affected by demographic factors which were gender. age. marrige status. education level. relision. vocation. job satisfaction. economic status and by social support factors which were familiarity. family function personal relationship. gender role. 4. In school age. daily lifestyle behaviors were significantly positive. middle and high schllo age froup were affected by stress. nutrition. social support. self-realization were causal factors explaining health promoting behavior of middle age and old age but. there was problems of exercise behaviors. therefore. the need to develop a health education program for the all age group to improve the health-promoting lifestyle.

• 동서간호학연구지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.51-60
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with high risk drinking in adults. Methods: Multi-variate logistic regression was used to analyze the data of 15,949 adults age 19 years or older from the sixth (2013-2015) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Results: Factors associated with high risk drinking included education level, employment and smoking status among the age group of 19-39. In the 40-59 year age group, the associated factors were gender, employment, smoking, obesity, and depressive mood. In the over 60 year age group, related factors included gender, employment, smoking, abdominal obesity, and subjective health status. Conclusion: The result of this study suggests that early risk factor screening may be helpful to avoid the progression to high-risk drinking. An individualized approach for each age group can be used as a preventive measure.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.19-28
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• 2017

계란의 난각은 닭의 자궁에서 형성되는 복잡하고 고도화된 다층 석회화 구조이다. 본 연구는 닭의 산란연령에 따른 자궁내막조직의 변화 양상과 난각 형성에 관여하는 주요 유전자들의 발현 양상을 고찰하였다. 난각 형성과 관련하여 난각 단백질과 관련한 OCX-32, OCX-36, OC-17, OC-116 유전자와 난각 이온과 관련한 CALB1, SPP1, SCNN1G, ATP2A2, CA2, CALM1 유전자를 분석대상으로 하였다. 자궁내막조직의 현미경적 관찰 결과, 연령이 증가함에 따라, 자궁 섬모상피세포의 탈락 및 세포의 위축과 섬유화 진행양상이 심화되었다. 그러나 연령 증가에 따른 혈중 이온성분의 농도차이는 없었다. 자궁내막 상피세포의 텔로미어 함량 분석 결과, 산란연령이 증가함에 따라 텔로미어 함유율이 감소됨을 확인하였다. 대부분의 난각 형성 관련 유전자의 발현량은 산란연령에 따라 유의한 변화를 나타내었다. 일부 난각 단백질 관련 유전자의 발현량은 산란연령이 증가함에 따라 증가양상을 보였으나, 이들 유전자들 간의 상호 관련성은 유의한 관계를 보이지 않았다. 난각 형성 이온 관련 유전자인 ATP2A2, SCNN1G, CA2, CALM1 유전자 간에는 상호 밀접한 관련이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 난각 단백질 관련 OCX-32 및 OCX-36 유전자는 대부분의 이온 관련 유전자들과 높은 정의 상관을 보였다. 따라서 OCX-32, OCX-36, CALB-1, ATP2A2, SCNN1G, CA2 및 CALM1유전자들이 난각 형성에 상호 협력하거나 또는 독립적으로 작용한다. 결론적으로 산란연령이 증가함에 따라 자궁내막세포의 손상이 일어나지만, 그럼에도 불구하고 정상적인 난각을 형성할 수 있는 이유는 난각 단백질 및 난각 형성 이온 관련 일부 유전자들이 발현을 조절하여 난각 형성의 항상성 유지하기 때문인 것으로 사료된다.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.84-101
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• 2002

This study collected and analyzed the datum related to consultation fee in National Health Insurance Corporation and characteristics of dental clinics for 819 dental clinics in Daegu and Kyungpook districts to specify the distribution and concentration rate of health insurance consultation fee and the critical elements of insurance consultation fee income. The average health insurance consultation fee per one dental clinics is 77.2 million won and the case of women dentists is 78.7 million won. That is higher than 79.9 million won that the case of man dentist. According to age, under 39 is 85.5 million won that is highest, declining little by little above 60s the number decreased to merely 23.9 million won. And the dentists whose business years from 5 to 10 are the highest and declining gradually. The more of engaging members to dental clinics is the larger the income. The average insurance consultation fee of Daegu province is 69.3 million won, but that of Kyungpook is 89.6 million won. Decile distribution ratio of dental clinics consultation fee income is 0.526 and Gini coefficient is 0.303. Decile distribution ratio of Daegu district is 0.489, Gini coefficient is 0.320. This explain the larger inequality compared with Kyungpook(0.623, 0.273). With age, Gini coefficient of below 39 is 0.260, the higher age is, the larger the number is, up to abode 60 the coefficient is 0.504, the degree of inequality is most extremely. insurance consultation fee and the number of cases of consultation is related to the age of dentists, duration of practice, the number of dentists and staffs engaging and provinces. That is, the lesser the age is, the longer the years of engaging are, the more the number of dentists and staffs we, the larger insurance consultation fee income and the number of cases of consultations we. And the fee fur one case is closely related to age and provinces. The fee for one case is higher in lower age, and that of in Daegu dental clinics is higher than in Kyungpook.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.232-240
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• 2008

Objectives: This study was conducted to assess the nutritional status and characteristics related to malnutrition in children less than five years of age in Nghean, Vietnam. Methods: In this study, which was conducted in November 2007, 650 child-mother pairs were selected using a two-stage cluster sampling methodology. A structured questionnaire was then administered to the mothers in their home settings. Anthropometric measurement was then used to determine if children were underweight (weight-for-age), wasting (weight-for-height) and stunting (height-for-age) based on reference data from the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS)/World Health Organization (WHO). Logistic regression analysis was then used to describe the hierarchical relationships between potential risk factors and malnutrition. Results: The mean Z-scores for weight-for-age, height-for-age and weight-for-height were -1.46 (95% CI=-1.57, -1.35), -1.44 (95% CI=-1.56, -1.32) and -0.71 (95% CI=-0.82, -0.60), respectively. Of the children included in this study, 193 (31.8%) were underweight, 269 (44.3%) were stunting and 72 (11.9%) were wasting. Region of residence, the mother's level of education and occupation, household size, number of children in the family, weight at birth and duration of exclusive breastfeeding were found to be significantly related to malnutrition. Conclusions: The findings of this study indicate that malnutrition is still an important problem among children less than five years of age in Nghean, Vietnam. In addition, maternal, socio-economic and environment factors were found to be significant factors for malnutrition among children under five.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.249-256
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• 2010

Gender differences in the trace elements of monkey sino-atrial (SA) node were investigated in a process of age-dependent alterations. Sixty hearts from Japanese and rhesus monkeys (30 male and 30 female) used were aged ranging from 1-day- to 30-year-old. The elements were analyzed using an inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometer (ICP-AES). Advancing age decreased all the trace elements. Ca, P, S and Mg significantly decreased. The correlation coefficients of Ca and P were $-0.178{\pm}0.081$ (p<0.05) and $-0.088{\pm}0.022$ (p<0.05) in male (n=30), and $-0.095{\pm}0.026$ (p<0.05) and $-0.069{\pm}0.017$ (p<0.05) in female (n=30), respectively. The age-dependent coefficients for Fe/Ca, Zn/Ca, Fe/P, Fe/S, Zn/S, Fe/Mg and Zn/Mg were exhibited markedly in male, but all was less in female. In gender-related differences, only a ratio of P/Ca (p<0.05) was significantly observed with ageing. The trace elements such as Cu, Se and Sn were less detected in the SA nodes. These results indicate that the age-dependent changes in the ratios of elements are appeared more rapidly in male monkey SA node, and the gender difference is observed in ratio of P/Ca. The different attenuations may be involved with the age- and gender-related SA nodal functions.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제33권8호
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• pp.1360-1368
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• 2020

Objective: The aim of our study was to determine the associations of heifer reproductive performance with survival up to the first calving, first-lactation milk yield, and the probability of being culled within 50 days after first calving. Methods: Data from 33 large Holstein-Friesian commercial dairy herds were gathered from the official milk recording database in Hungary. The data of heifers first inseminated between January 1, 2011 and December 31, 2014 were analyzed retrospectively, using Cox proportional hazards models, competing risks models, multivariate linear and logistic mixed-effects models. Results: Heifers (n = 35,128) with younger age at conception were more likely to remain in the herd until calving, and each additional month in age at conception increased culling risk by 5.1%. Season of birth was related to first-lactation milk yield (MY1; n = 19,931), with cows born in autumn having the highest milk production (p<0.001). The highest MY1 was achieved by heifers that first calved between 22.00 and 25.99 months of age. Heifers that calved in autumn had the highest MY1, whereas calving in summer was related to the lowest milk production (p<0.001). The risk of culling within 50 days in milk in first lactation (n = 21,225) increased along with first calving age, e.g. heifers that first calved after 30 months of age were 5.52-times more likely to be culled compared to heifers that calved before 22 months of age (p<0.001). Calving difficulty was related to higher culling risk in early lactation (p<0.001). Heifers that required caesarean section were 24.01-times more likely to leave the herd within 50 days after first calving compared to heifers that needed no assistance (p<0.001). Conclusion: Reproductive performance of replacement heifers is closely linked to longevity and milk production in dairy herds.