• Title/Summary/Keyword: Ag/AgCl

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Synthesis and Electrochemical Characteristics of Rare Earths Metal Complexes (희토류금속 착물의 합성과 전기화학적 특성)

  • Chil Nam Choe;Suk Jin Yuon;Il Du Kim;Sung Pyung Kim;Youn Soo Sohn
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.33 no.5
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    • pp.496-503
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    • 1989
  • The chemical behavior of trivalent lanthanide (Pr(III) and Yb(III)) and 2, 2, 6, 6-tetramethyl-3, 5-heptanedione(dipivaloylmethane) complexes was investigated by the use of direct current, differential pulse polarography and cyclic voltammetry. In this study, it was founded that the reduction of trivalent lanthanide complexes was observed by one electron transfer process at Epc = -0. 13 V and -0.80 V of Pr(III), and -0.02 V of Yb(III) vs. Ag-AgCl electrode. Also, it was founded that the treatment of DP and CV to the case of a first-order chemical equilibrium reaction preceding a reversible and irreversible one electron transfer reaction, (a >0. 5) the socalled ErCr electrode process. The equilibrium constant (lnK) obtained, of various solvents, these constant were founded to be increases with decreasing dielectric constant of the solvents. Plots of lnK for these reaction against ln(l/D) for the solvents was fairly straight lines, and the behavior of the heavier lanthanides was decreased equilibrium constant with increasing atomic number.

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Simultaneous Determination of Zinc, Cadmium, Lead and Copper in Tungsten Matrix by Differential Pulse Anodic Stripping Voltammetry (펄스차이 벗김전압전류법에 의한 텅스텐 중 아연, 카드뮴, 납 및 구리의 미량성분 동시분석)

  • Bae, Jun Ung;Lee, Seong Ho
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.38 no.2
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    • pp.146-150
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    • 1994
  • The simultaneous determination of Zn, Cd, Pb and Cu in 1.000%(w/v) tungsten matrix by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry at a hanging mercury drop electrode has been studied. Tartaric acid(pH=5.00) was used as a supporting electrolyte. Optimum analytical conditions were found that the deposition potential was -1.2 volt(vs. Ag/AgCl), the deposition time was 3 minutes. The linear concentration range of all trace metal ions in 1.000%(w/v) tungsten matrix were 10 to 50 ppb. And the detection limit(3${\sigma}$) of zinc, cadmium, lead and copper were 1.25, 1.02, 1.69, and 1.02 ppb respectively. This method was superior to the ICP-AES method which detection limits(3${\sigma}$) in 1.000%(w/v) tungsten matrix were 8.0, 5.0, 120 and 5 ppb respectively.

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Square-Wave Anodic Stripping Voltammetric Study of Germanium(Ⅳ)-Morin Complex (Germanium(Ⅳ)-Morin 착물에 대한 네모파 양극벗김 전압전류법적 연구)

  • Sohn, Se Chul;Park, Yong Joon;Joe, Kih Soo
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.41 no.11
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    • pp.590-593
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    • 1997
  • Square-wave anodic stripping voltammetry was applied to the germanium(IV)- Morin complex in 0.5 M sulfuric acid as a supporting electrolyte. The peak potential appeared at - 0.606 V vs. Ag/AgCl. Effects of sulfuric acid concentration, Morin concentration, accumulation potential, and accumulation time on the stripping peak current for the complex of germanium(IV)-Morin were studied. Interferences by other metal cations that affect on stripping peak current were also investigated. The detection limit was found to be $3.76{\times}10^{-7}M(27 {\mu}g/L)$ for germanium(IV) using 60 seconds of accumulation time. The relative standard deviation (n=8) for 0.4 mg/L($5.5{\times}10^{-6}$ M) germanium(IV) was 3.2%.

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Electrochemical Characterization of Stainless Steel in Ethanolamine Solution Containing an Alkyl Group using Cyclic Voltammetry (순환전압전류법에 의한 알킬기를 함유한 에탄올아민용액에서 스테인리스의 전기화학적 특성)

  • Park, Keun-Ho
    • Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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    • v.31 no.1
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    • pp.66-73
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    • 2014
  • In this work, the current-voltage curves for stainless steel in the ethanolamine solution containing alkyl group were measured using the conventional three electrodes of cyclic voltammetry. Stainless steel as working electrode, Ag/AgCl electrode as reference electrode and Pt wire as counter electrode were used respectively. As a result, the C-V characteristics of stainless steel were to be for an irreversible process due to the oxidation current from cyclic voltammogram, using N-ethylethanolamine and N,N-dimethylethanolamine solutions. Effective diffusivity of corrosion inhibitors was decreased with increasing concentration. It was found from SEM images of the metal that the electrolyte (specific name ?)(0.5 N) as corrosion inhibitor was added into a N, N-diethylethanolamine solution ($1.0{\times}10^{-3}M$) containing copper and nickel, the corrosion inhibiting effect was enhanced.

Differential Pulse Voltammetric Determination of Iron(II) ion with a Nafion-Ethylenediamine Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode (Nafion-ethylenediamine이 수식된 유리탄소전극에 의한 시차펄스전압전류법으로 철(II) 이온의 정량)

  • Kyong Wone Kim;Hee Cheol Kim;Sung-Hyun Kim;Byung Ho Park;Yeon Hee Kim;Kyong Nam Kim;Yong Chun Ko
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.47 no.2
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    • pp.115-120
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    • 2003
  • Determination of iron(II) ion with a perfluorinated sulfonated polymer(nafion)-ethylenediamine(en) modified glassy carbon electrode was studied. It was based on the chemical reactivity of an immobilized layer(nafion-en) to yield complex $[Fe(en)_3]^{+2}$. The oxidation peak potential by differential pulse voltammetry(DPV) was observed at 0.340${\pm}$0.015 V(vs. Ag/AgCl). The linear calibration curve was obtained in iron(II) ion concentration range $5{\times}10^{-6}{\sim}0.2{\times}10^{-3} M(0.28{\sim}11.17\; mg/L)$, and the detection limit(3s) was $1.89{\times}10^{-5}$M(1.056 mg/L).

Synthesis of 1-Benzyl-4-Iodomethyl-2-Azetidinone and Electrochemical Reduction on the Iodo Group (1-Benzyl-4-Iodomethyl-2-Azetidinone의 합성과 Iodo기에 대한 전기화학적 환원반응)

  • Kim Il Kwang;Lee Young Haeng;Lee Chai Ho;Chai Kyu Yun;Kim Yoon Geun
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.35 no.1
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    • pp.70-77
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    • 1991
  • 1-Benzyl-4-iodomethyl-2-azetidinone(BIMA) was synthesized and its electrochemical reduction was investigated by direct current, differential pulse polarography, cyclic voltammetry and controlled potential coulometry. The irreversible two electron transfer on reductive dehalogenation of iodo group proceeded to form 1-benzyl-4-methyl-2-azetidinone by EEC electrode reaction mechanism at the first reduction step(-1.35 volts vs. Ag-AgCl). The polarographic reduction waves separated into two reduction steps due to anionic surfactant (sodium lauryl sulfate) effects, while the waves were shifted to the positive potential as the concentration of cationic surfactant (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide) increased. Upon the basis of results on the product analysis and interpretation of polarogram with pH variable, EEC electrochemical reaction mechanism was suggested.

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Effect of Dopamine on Propagation and Frequency of Slow Wave in Cat Isolated Stomach Muscle (적출한 고양이 위(胃) 근절편에서 서파의 전파 및 발생빈도에 미치는 Dopamine의 영향)

  • Jo, Yang-Hyeok;Sim, Sang-Soo;Kim, Myung-Suk;Kim, Chung-Chin;Choi, Hyun
    • The Korean Journal of Physiology
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    • v.20 no.1
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    • pp.9-15
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    • 1986
  • The effect of dopamine on the propagation and the frequency electrical activities (slow wave) of the stomach was studied in isolated stomach muscle strips of 145 cats, The gastric slow wave monopolarly recorded by four capillary electrodes (Ag-AgCl) in Krebs-Ringer solution $(ph\;7.4,\;temperature\;36{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C)$ bubbled with 5% $CO_2$ in $O_2$. Dopamine caused concentration-dependent changes of direction of slow wave propagation with decline in development of irregular propagation by domperidone pretreatment. Dopamine also increased the variation of slow wave frequency concentration-dependently. The variation of slow wave frequency induced by dopamine was significantly inhibited by pretreatment with domperidone and phentolamine but not with propranolol, hexamethonium and tetrodotoxin. It is therefore suggested that dopamine plays a role in the genesis of gastric electrical abnormality acting on dopamine receptors and partly on ${\alpha}-adrenergic$ receptors in cats.

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Leaching of Gold and Silver from Anode Slime with Inorganic Reagents (양극슬라임으로부터 무기침출제에 의한 금과 은의 침출)

  • Xing, Wei Dong;Lee, Ki Woog;Lee, Man Seung
    • Resources Recycling
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    • v.26 no.1
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    • pp.30-36
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    • 2017
  • Leaching experiments of anode slime were performed with several inorganic acids (HCl, $HNO_3$ and $H_2SO_4$) together with thiourea and thiosulfate solution to recover gold and silver. Gold was not dissolved at all into these inorganic acids in the absence of any oxidizing agents. At the same concentration of inorganic acid, the leaching of percentage of Ag was the highest in the sulfuric acid solution. The leaching percentage of silver increased with the increase of HCl concentration owing to the formation of $AgCl_2{^-}$. Copper, nickel and zinc except tin was almost dissolved in these inorganic acids but no tin was dissolved in nitric acid solution. Most of Au and Ag were dissolved into the mixture of sulfuric acid and thiourea solution. Thiosulfate could dissolve some silver from the anode slime but no gold was dissolved by this agent.

Electrochemical Properties of Biosensor with Butyl Rubber Binder (부틸고무를 결합재로 사용한 바이오센서의 전기화학적 성질)

  • Choi, Sei-Young;Yoon, Kil-Joong
    • Elastomers and Composites
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    • v.41 no.4
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    • pp.231-237
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    • 2006
  • An enzyme electrode bound by butyl rubber was newly constructed for the determination of hydrogen peroxide and for the practical application as a biosensor. Then its electrochemical properties were investigated. It produced a hundreds-fold increased signal compared to the plant or animal tissue based biosensor studied previously and could be run at between $0.0{\sim}-1.00\;V$(vs. Ag/AgCl). The relationship between signal and electrode potential was linear in the experimental range of potential. It showed a detection limit of $3.0{\times}10^{-4}\;M$ and a very good linearity of Lineweaver-Burk plot giving the proof of a good enzyme immobilization. Especially, both the reproducibility of signal current due to its high sensitivity and mechanical stability presented a new possibility for the practical use of biosensor bound with butyl rubber.

Development of a Portable and Disposable pH Sensor Based on Titanium Wire with High Electrochemical Sensing Performance (우수한 전기화학적 센싱 성능을 지닌 티타늄 와이어 기반의 휴대 및 일회용 pH 센서 개발)

  • Yoon, Eun Seop;Yoon, Jo Hee;Son, Seon Gyu;Kim, Seo Jin;Choi, Bong Gill
    • Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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    • v.32 no.6
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    • pp.700-705
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    • 2021
  • A portable and disposable pH sensor based on Ti wire was successfully developed for monitoring hydronium ion concentrations. A sensing electrode was prepared by electrochemically depositing iridium oxide onto a Ti wire, while a reference electrode was fabricated by coating Ag/AgCl ink on a Ti wire. Combining the two electrodes in the pH sensor enabled the collection of open circuit potential signals when the sensor was immersed in solutions of various pH values. The pH sensor exhibited excellent electrochemical sensing performance in terms of sensitivity, response time, repeatability, selectivity, and stability. To demonstrate point-of-measurement applications, the pH sensor was integrated with a wireless electronic module that could communicate with a mobile application. The portable pH sensor accurately measured pH changes in real samples. The results obtained were consistent with those of using a commercial pH meter.