• 한국작물학회지
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• 제68권1호
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• pp.8-19
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• 2023

Adzuki beans have gained popularity in recent years due to their health benefits. Breeding of Adzuki beans is less favorable than with other legumes due to low genetic diversity. This study aimed to evaluate the genetic diversity of 252 adzuki bean germplasms from China, Japan, and Korea using 18 agro-morphological parameters and comparing their performance to three prominent Korean cultivars: Geomguseul, Arari, and Chungjupat. Leaf shape, pod color, and seed coat color were among the qualitative traits that showed wide variations. The quantitative variables also showed wide variations among adzuki bean germplasms. Although there was no significant difference (p < 0.05), the average rate of germination declined in the order of Korean (91.44%) > Chinese (91.31%) > Japanese (87.47%) adzuki beans. Chinese adzuki beans needed fewer days to flower (DF, 58.22 days) and days to mature (DM, 107.13 days), which varied significantly compared to the Korean and Japanese adzuki beans (p < 0.05). The average number of pods per plant (PPP) and one-hundred seeds weight (HSW) were higher in Japanese adzuki beans compared to the Korean and Chinese adzuki beans although the variation of each was not significant. Almost 29.76% of the accessions had early-blooming flowers, 3.97% were premature, 21.43% produced more PPP, and 3.97% yielded more SPP compared to control cultivars. Results of hierarchical cluster and principal component analyses revealed three clusters with significant variation in all quantitative variables except for RG (p < 0.05). The key factors in multivariate analyses were DF, DM, and HSW. Our study investigated the genetic diversity of adzuki bean accessions and identified ten early maturing and ten high PPP-yielding accessions. Our findings would help farmers and breeders to select the top-performing accessions that can provide them with various options.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.375-384
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• 2011

The aim of this study was to evaluate 30 phenolic compounds in adzuki bean germplasm. Adzuki 21653 had the highest content of total phenolics compounds ($6597\;{\mu}g\;g^{-1}$) while 104372 had the lowest concentration. The average total phenolic content of Japanese ($2432\;{\mu}g\;g^{-1}$) adzuki beans was higher than that of Korean ($2256\;{\mu}g\;g^{-1}$) adzuki beans. The average total phenolic contents were $2507\;{\mu}g\;g^{-1}$ in small sized adzuki beans from Japan and $2459\;{\mu}g\;g^{-1}$ in those from Korea. In large sized adzuki beans, the average total phenolic contents were $1315\;{\mu}g\;g^{-1}$ in Japanese seeds and $1232\;{\mu}g\;g^{-1}$ in Korean seeds. The average total phenolic contents in medium seeds were $2369\;{\mu}g\;g^{-1}$ in Japanese adzuki beans and $1397\;{\mu}g\;g^{-1}$ in Korean ones. In small seeds, the total phenolic contents of adzuki beans varied from $524\;{\mu}g\;g^{-1}$ to $6597\;{\mu}g\;g^{-1}$ in Japanese ones and from $375\;{\mu}g\;g^{-1}$ to $6569\;{\mu}g\;g^{-1}$ in Korean ones. Japanese and Korean adzuki beans were divided into landraces and wild adzuki beans. In this study, the wild adzuki beans showed higher contents of total phenolics than the native varieties. Specifically, the wild adzuki beans from Korea had the highest concentration of phenolics ($3403\;{\mu}g\;g^{-1}$). All adzuki bean germplasms were measured for their color and were classified into four groups accordingly: A; L < 30, +a, +b; B; L < 30, +a, -b, C; L > 50, +a, +b, D; L > 50, +a, -b. Especially, group B had the highest concentration of total phenolic compounds ($2827\;{\mu}g\;g^{-1}$), whereas group C had the lowest concentration ($1882\;{\mu}g\;g^{-1}$).

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.147-154
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• 2003

우리나라에서 수집된 재래종 팥 361개의 작물학적 특성을 조사한 결과 수집재래종 팥의 초형은 직립형이 77.8%로 제일 많고 중간형이 15.3%, 만성형이 6.9%로 제일 적었다. 엽형은 원형, 타원형, 점선형 순으로 많았고 화색은 황색 이 89.5%로 가장 많았고 담황색 9.4%, 농황색 1.1% 순이었다. 종피색은 적색 60.6%, 회색 26.9%이며 그 외 녹색, 백색, 담흑색, 적지흑, 암지흑, 백지갈색 은 1.4∼3.3%로 매우 적었다. 개화일수는 69∼75일, 결실일수는 41∼50일, 생육일수는 111∼120일인 수집종들이 가장 많았다. 경장은 41∼60 cm에서 50,2%, 개체당 협수는 16∼20개에서 40.2%, 100립중은 8-10g이 30.5%로 가장 분포비율이 높았다.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.90-90
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• 2022

Pueraria flos and Adzuki Beans contains several bioactive compounds, such as saponin, oleanolic acid, and flavone. Pueraria flos and Adzuki Beans has traditionally been used to treat disorders of antioxidant activity, diabetes and liver detoxication, and it has antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties. However, complex saponin were validity of the anti-inflammatory activity has not been scientifically investigated. In this study, to determine anti-inflammatory activity of complex saponin separated from Pueraria flos and Adzuki Beans mixture extract on nitric oxide and prostaglandinE₂ assay. The anti-inflammatory activities of complex saponin separated from Pueraria flos and Adzuki Beans mixture extract were evaluated for inhibitory activities against lipopolysacchride induced nitric oxide and prostaglandinE₂ production protein expressions in RAW264.7 cell lines. The complex saponin separated from Pueraria flos and Adzuki Beans mixture extract inhibitory activity for both tests with protein high depressions(%) values showed in the ranges of 50~100 ㎍/ml. Overall, prostaglandinE₂ tests had a higher inhibitory effect on inflammation than nitricoxide tests. Theseis result suggest a potential role of complex saponin separated from Pueraria flos and Adzuki Beans mixture extract as source of anti-inflammation agent.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.149-154
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• 2014

1. Pepsin과 pancreatin 소화물들을 비교한 결과, 순수한 팥 단백질 중에서 소화효소 저항성을 가지는 단백질이 존재하는 것으로 확인되었다. 2. 팥의 주요 단백질을 제거하고 pepsin과 pancreatin으로 소화시켰을 때 더 많은 분해가 일어나는 것으로 보아 팥의 주요단백질들 중에 소화효소 저항성을 가지는 것이 많을 것이라 추측된다. 3. 팥의 주요 단백질들은 장 점막세포와는 크게 작용하지 않는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 4. 팥 단백질의 데이터베이스 구축과 팥 단백질이 다른 영양소들과의 상호작용을 하는 지에 대한 연구가 진행되어야 할 것이다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.846-853
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• 2024

Adzuki bean (Vigna angularis), which provides plant-based proteins and functional substances, requires a long soaking time during processing, which limits its usefulness to industries and consumers. To improve this, ultrasonic treatment using high pressure and shear force was judged to be an appropriate pretreatment method. This study aimed to determine the optimal conditions of ultrasound treatment for the improved hydration of adzuki beans using the response surface methodology (RSM). Independent variables chosen to regulate the hydration process of the adzuki beans were the soaking time (2-14 h, X₁), treatment intensity (150-750 W, X₂), and treatment time (1-10 min, X₃). Dependent variables chosen to assess the differences in the beans post-immersion were moisture content, water activity, and hardness. The optimal conditions for treatment deduced through RSM were a soaking time of 12.9 h, treatment intensity of 600 W, and treatment time of 8.65 min. In this optimal condition, the values predicted for the dependent variables were a moisture content of 58.32%, water activity of 0.9979 a_w, and hardness of 14.63 N. Upon experimentation, the results obtained were a moisture content of 58.28 ± 0.56%, water activity of 0.9885 ± 0.0040 a_w, and hardness of 13.01 ± 2.82 g, confirming results similar to the predicted values. Proper ultrasound treatment caused cracks in the hilum, which greatly affects the water absorption of adzuki beans, accelerating the rate of hydration. These results are expected to help determine economically efficient processing conditions for specific purposes, in addition to solving industrial problems associated with the low hydration rate of adzuki beans.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제68권3호
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• pp.147-166
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• 2023

Seed color is controlled by several genes and is a key trait in determining the metabolite content and biological activities of legume genotypes. In this study, 296 adzuki bean accessions, including 159 grey, 99 red, and 38 white adzuki beans, were grown in Korea. Variations in total phenolic content (TPC), total saponin content (TSC), DPPH^• scavenging activity, ABTS^•+ scavenging activity, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were assessed and were reported to be in the ranges of 1.52-8.24 mg GAE/g, 14.36-114.22 mg DE/g, 0.23-12.84 mg AAE/g, 1.05-17.66 mg TE/g, and 0.59-13.14 mg AAE/g, respectively, with a wide variation across adzuki beans. Except for DPPH^• scavenging activity, the average values declined in the order gray > red > white adzuki beans, each demonstrating a significant variation (p < 0.05). White adzuki beans, which showed low metabolite content and antioxidant activity, were clearly separated from the gray and red genotypes using principal component and hierarchical cluster analyses. Moreover, TPC, TSC, and antioxidant activities were strongly correlated, regardless of seed color. Overall, the diversity of the TPC, TSC, and antioxidant activity in a broad population of adzuki bean genotypes was determined. Furthermore, this study found that seed color variation in adzuki beans had a significant effect on the metabolite content and antioxidant activity. Superior accessions with high levels of TPC, TSC, and antioxidant activity were also discovered and could be used for functional plant breeding and human consumption. The findings of this study may be useful for understanding the relationship between seed coat color and metabolite concentration in adzuki beans, paving the way for molecular-level analyses.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.785-795
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• 2022

Traditional germplasms are unsuitable for mechanized production, limiting adzuki bean production. The creation of cultivars that can be harvested by mechanized means is an urgent task for breeders. The bottom pod height (BPH), lodging resistance, and synchronous maturing of adzuki beans are critical factors for the reduction of losses due to mechanized harvesting. In this study, 14 traits of 806 adzuki bean accessions were analyzed. All growth stages and the yield, lodging score, and synchronous maturing correlated negatively with the BPH. These negative correlations reflect the increased difficulty of breeding to simultaneously satisfy the needs for no lodging, high synchronous maturing rates, BPHs > 10 cm, and high yield. We screened three germplasms with no lodging, high synchronous maturing rates, and BPHs > 10 cm that were used as mechanization-adapted breeding material for crossing with high-yield cultivars. Agronomic trait diversity in adzuki beans was also examined in this study. Principal component and cluster analyses were conducted for 806 germplasms resulting in three clusters with the yield and three growth stage traits serving as the main discriminating factors. Cluster 1 included high-yield germplasms with the number of pods per plant and the number of seeds per pod being the major discriminant factors. Cluster 2 included germplasms with long growth periods and large 100-seed weights while cluster 3 contained germplasms with high BPHs. In general, the characteristics that make mechanical harvesting feasible and those assessed in this study could be utilized to choose and enhance adzuki beans production.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.693-698
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 품종별 팥 메탄올 추출물의 항산화성분과 항산화활성을 비교 분석하고자 하였다. 항산화성분으로 총 polyphenol, flavonoid, anthocyanin 및 proanthocyanidin 함량을 측정하였으며, 항산화활성은 ABTS와 DPPH radical 소거활성을 측정하였다. 품종별 팥의 일반성분과 무기성분의 함량은 품종간에 큰차이를 보이지 않았으며, 식이섬유 함량은 품종간에 유의적인 차이를 보였고 특히 칠보팥(14.81%)의 식이섬유 함량이 가장 높게 나타났다. 추출수율은 태광콩과 대풍콩이 각각 38.70 및 34.61%로 높은 추출수율을 보였으며, 칠보팥, 금실팥 및 밀양8호가 각각 20.76, 20.33 및 20.16%로 비교적 높은 수율을 보였고 중부팥이 13.78%로 가장 낮은 수율을 나타내었다. 품종별 팥 추출물의 총 polyphenol 및 flavonoid 함량은 각각 19.00-34.75 및 12.97-28.95 mg/g으로 대조군보다 높은 함량을 보이는 것으로 나타났으며, 특히 밀양6호는 각각 34.75 및 28.95mg/g으로 가장 높은 함량을 보였다. 품종별 팥 추출물의 총 anthocyanin 및 proanthocyanidin 함량은 각각 5.89-23.77 및 1.83-3.29 mg/g으로 나타나 대조군보다 높은 함량을 보였다. 총 tocopherol 함량은 5.71-7.66 mg/100 g으로 나타났으며, 연금팥이 7.66 mg/100 g으로 가장 높은 함량을 보였다. ABTS와 DPPH radical 소거활성은 밀양6호 추출물이 각각 2.44 및 4.46 mg TEAC/mg extract residue로 가장 높은 활성을 보였다. 이상의 결과를 볼 때 국내에서 개발된 팥 품종은 높은 항산화성분과 우수한 항산화활성을 가지는 것으로 나타나 천연항산화제 개발에 이용될 수 있을 것으로 생각한다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.527-535
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• 2021

Legumes have been important components of the human diet. They contain not only protein, starch, and dietary fiber, but also various phenolic compounds such as flavonoids and phenolic acids. The importance of phenolic compounds to human health is well known due to their antioxidant activities. In this study, three legumes (adzuki beans, common beans, and black soybeans) frequently cultivated in Korea were evaluated for their total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activities using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS (2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline 6-sulfonate)), and FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant potential) assays. In addition, correlations between agricultural traits and antioxidant activities of these three legumes were analyzed. Antioxidant activities assessed by DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays and TPC showed wide variations among legumes types and accessions. Among the three legumes, adzuki beans showed higher TPC and antioxidant activity than the other two legumes. In correlation analysis, seed size showed negative correlations with antioxidant activities and TPC. In principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis, each of the three legumes was clearly separate. Results of this study can be used as basic information for developing functional materials for each legume. They can also help us understand the overall antioxidant activity of the three legumes.