• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.111-125
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• 2018

Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify differential impacts on smoking and drinking behaviors according to early menarche. Methods: 31,277 Korean female adolescents who had undergone menarche were included. Among them, 1,822 participants(5.8%) who experienced menarche in elementary school under 4th grade were assigned to early menarche group and others were was assigned normal menarche group. Using 11th(2015) Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey, logistic regression analysis was conducted. Results: Adjusted confounding variables were analyzed and it was found that both drinking and smoking behaviors were higher in early menarche group. The participants with early menarche showed higher risk of non-daily smoking(OR=1.39, 95%CI=1.18-1.63), light daily smoking(OR=1.64, 95%CI=1.14-2.35) and moderate-to-heavy daily smoking(OR=3.15, 95%CI=2.02-4.92). Also, in the drinking behaviors, the risk of light and heavy drinking was higher than those of normal menarche group. Conclusions: Finding of this study showed Early menarche adolescents were associated with heavy smoking and drinking behaviors compared to normal menarche. Further studies are needed more evaluations.

• Journal of the Korean society of biological therapies in psychiatry
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.230-238
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• 2018

Objectives : Among adolescents, the proportion of daily smoking tends to increase with age, and does not return to the previous level. Therefore, we examined the factors associated with smoking frequency in a nationwide sample of Korean adolescents to help prevent the progression of smoking. Methods : Among 127,804 adolescents who participated in the 2016 and 2017 Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey, data from 7,781 adolescents who replied that they currently smoked were analyzed. According to the frequency of cigarette smoking, participants were classified into daily and non-daily smokers. Participants' socio-demographic characteristics, smoking behavior, and psychological problems including perceived stress, depressive mood, and suicidality were assessed. Results : There were 3,627(47.4%) daily smokers and 4,154(52.6%) non-daily smokers. Low parental educational level, and early smoking experience were positively associated with daily smoking. High academic achievement, and high socio-economic status were negatively associated with daily smoking. Daily smoking was positively associated with lower happiness, lower sleep satisfaction, and severe stress during the past 12 months. Factors affecting suicide attempts of smokers were sex, residential type, socioeconomic status, and early smoking experience. Conclusion : The results indicated that socially disadvantaged families, and smoking experience with young age influenced daily smoking among Korean adolescents. Daily smoking was associated with psychological problems including lower happiness, lower sleep satisfaction, and severe stress. Early smoking experience influenced suicidal attempts among Korean adolescent smokers. Early intervention for smoking cessation in this high-risk group may contribute to prevention of these psychiatric complications of smoking.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.169-176
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• 2020

Exploring the risk factors of adolescent suicide is important for effective suicide prevention. This study explored the clustering of adolescent suicides based on six risk factors: mental disorder, broken family, depression, anxiety, previous suicide attempts, and deviant behaviors. Using 173 student suicide reports obtained from the Ministry of Education, we evaluated the associations between suicide and variables related to mental disorders; dysfunctional family life; depression and anxiety; previous suicide attempts; deviant behaviors such as drinking and smoking; and school life characteristics, including attendance and discipline, problems within the past year, and incidents prior to suicide. In addition, reports of warning signs just before suicide were included in the analysis. The two-stage cluster analysis classified the students into three clusters: the silent type (cluster 1; 48.55%), in which no risk factors were observed; environmental-risk type (cluster 2: 24.28%), which featured a high frequency of broken households, deviant behaviors such as smoking/drinking and running away from home; and depressive type (cluster 3: 27.17%), which featured a high frequency of mental health problems such as depression, anxiety, and suicide attempts. Identifying the sub-types of adolescent suicide may help to inform tailored suicide prevention and intervention strategies in school.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.422-428
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• 2009

Purpose : Adolescence is a period of growth and development in body structure and physiologic, psychologic, and social functioning. Smoking and drinking in this period are very harmful and may lead to other forms of substance abuse. We surveyed the actual aspects of smoking and drinking among Korean adolescents and analyzed associated factors. Methods : A survey was performed among adolescents using a questionnaire about smoking and drinking. Data were collected from students who visited pediatric clinics for routine school examinations from July to November 2007. Results : A total of 2,546 adolescents (smoking 1,512; drinking 1,034) participated in the study. The overall smoking and drinking rates were 29.2% and 48.2%, respectively, and the mean age at the first instance of smoking and drinking was 13.8 and 14.1 years, respectively. Among drinking adolescents, 30.1% were offered a drink by their parents, although most adolescents were encouraged to smoke or drink by their friends. Dissatisfaction with family and school life, economic status, and school performance was associated with a higher smoking and drinking rate (P<0.001). Broken families were associated with a high rate of smoking, but peer satisfaction was not related to smoking or drinking. The frequency and amount of smoking and drinking in adolescents were as high as those in adults. Social sanctions seemed insufficient to keep adolescents from smoking and drinking. Conclusion : Adolescent smoking and drinking are highly influenced by family and school environments, so more active social sanctions are required, including parental involvement and legislation preventing adolescents from smoking and drinking.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.446-457
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to analyze the association between family members and adolescent boys smoking. The data were evaluated by frequency analysis, 𝑥² test and logistic regression analysis using 27,276 people who responded to the 14th(2018) Korean Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Among male students, the nonsmoking rate was 91.5% and the smoking rate was 8.5%(2.5% of occasional smoking and 6.0% of frequent smoking). The study results showed that the smoking status of male students was varied significantly according to the number of smokers among the family members(p<0.001). Meanwhile, smoking based on the characteristics of socio-demographic factors was affected by grades, school records, economic status, and parents' educational background(p<0.001). Smoking by health factors showed a significant difference in alcohol consumption, suicidal thoughts, depression experiences, stress recognition, frequency of breakfast consumption, level of fatigue after sleep, and subjective perception of health(p<0.001). Male smokers were more likely to smoke when two family members smoked than only one(p<0.001). These results confirmed that smoking in boys was affected by the smoking status of family members and suggested that the smoking cessation program of family smokers can be effective in designing smoking cessation prevention and smoking cessation projects.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.50-57
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• 2014

Purpose: Smoking is one of the most important global health issues. This study aims to investigate how smoking behavior and the amount of smoking affect the youth's suicidal ideation. Methods: This study utilized the data of the Sixth Online Survey on Youth's Health Behavior. The subjects of the study were 73,238 middle school and high school students. Collected data were analyzed using SAS 9.3. The relationship between general characteristics and suicidal ideation among smokers and nonsmokers was analyzed through the ${\chi}^2$-test. Also, a multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate how smoking behavior and the amount of smoking affect suicidal ideation. Results: According to the study, adolescent smoking and suicidal ideation had a statistically meaningful relationship. In terms of suicidal ideation, those who smoked more than 20 cigarettes everyday had 1.81times higher odds ratio (95% CI 1.49~2.20) and those smoking 10~19 cigarettes everyday had 1.29times higher odds ratio (95% CI 1.13~1.48) than nonsmokers. Both of the results were found statistically significant. Conclusion: With regard to smoking adolescents, smoking behavior and the amount of smoking affect their suicidal ideation in a statistically meaningful manner. Current smokers are proven to have more suicidal ideation than nonsmokers. In addition, the study shows that the more a person smokes in a daily basis, the more suicidal ideation he/she has. The author recommends this result be utilized as basic data for the prevention of smoking among the Korean youth.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.56 no.6
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• pp.552-562
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• 2023

Objectives: Adolescents who engage in unhealthy behaviors are particularly vulnerable to anxiety. We hypothesized that participation in physical activity could influence the relationship between anxiety and unhealthy behaviors in adolescents. These behaviors include smoking, alcohol consumption, and unsafe sexual activity. Methods: This study included 50 301 students from the first year of middle school to the third year of high school, all from Korea. The unhealthy adolescent behaviors examined included current alcohol consumption, current smoking, and unsafe sexual behavior. Anxiety levels were assessed using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 questionnaire (GAD-7). Results: The participants had a mean age of 15.19 years and an average GAD-7 score of 4.23. No significant differences were observed in GAD-7 score among exercising participants when categorized by smoking status (p=0.835) or unsafe sexual behavior (p=0.489). In contrast, participants in the non-exercise group who engaged in these behaviors demonstrated significantly higher GAD-7 scores (p<0.001 and 0.016, respectively). The only significant interaction was found between unsafe sexual behavior and exercise (p=0.009). Based on logistic regression analysis, within the non-exercise group, significant positive associations were observed between current smoking and anxiety (odds ratio [OR], 1.36; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.18 to 1.57), as well as between unsafe sexual behavior and anxiety (OR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.73). However, within the exercise group, no significant association was found between anxiety and either smoking or unsafe sexual behavior. Furthermore, no significant interaction was observed between unhealthy behaviors and exercise. Conclusions: These findings are insufficient to conclude that physical activity influences the relationship between unhealthy behaviors and anxiety.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.253-262
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was done to evaluate the predictive factors of smoking cessation intention of smoking adolescents at H. district in Chungchungnam-do. Method: A convenience sample was recruited from a public health center at H. district in Chungchungnam-do. A total of 100 smoking adolescents were enrolled in this study. A self-report survey method was used to identify the predictive factors related to smoking cessation. Result: A forward stepwise logistic regression analysis identified four factors associated with smoking cessation intention of smoking adolescents: accompanied friends during the smoking cessation program (OR=20.14), preparation for smoking cessation (OR=5.12), smoking cessation knowledge after the smoking cessation program (OR=1.41), and the number of cigarettes (OR=0.15). Conclusion: Based on this study results, the effective programs in reducing adolescent smoking rates should include components to accompany peers, increase the knowledge of smoking impact, and the benefit of smoking cessation.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.23-33
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the experience of smoking cessation in middle and high school students who smoked or were ex-smokers. Method: Data were collected through focus group interviews with 3 groups (15 students), and were analyzed according to the analytic method of Morgan (1998) and Krueger (1998). Results: Six categories were identified. They included reasons to quit smoking, efforts to maintain smoking cessation, lures to start smoking again, improved self-esteem after overcome temptations, frustration following repeated failures in attempts to quit smoking and suggestions to help maintain smoking cessation. Through these results, it was found that reasons for quitting smoking were different from those of adults, strategies to maintain smoking cessation were limited and repeated failure in attempts to quit smoking led students to give up attempting to quit smoking. Conclusion: A high percentage of adolescent smokers want to quit but are unsuccessful in doing so. Considering the results of our analysis, smoking cessation programs and strategies should be carefully developed to be more effective in help adolescents quit smoking and maintain smoking cessation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.168-176
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the combined influence of the frequency and the intensity of smoking on suicidal ideation and attempts in Korean high school students. Methods: This cross sectional study used secondary data from the 2014 Adolescent Health Behavior Online Survey. A total of 35,094 high school students were included in the study. The study set up two categories for the frequency of smoking - intermittent and daily - and another two for the intensity of smoking - heavy and light. Complex samples logistic regression was used to analyze the combined influence of smoking frequency and intensity on suicidal ideation and attempts. Results: Regardless of frequency and intensity, smoking was more likely to increase suicidal ideation and attempts than non-smoking. Among smokers, intermittent heavy smokers (suicidal ideation: Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR]: 1.406, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.015~2.161, p=.012; suicidal attempts: AOR: 2.977, 95% CI: 1.814~4.886, p<.001) or daily heavy smokers (suicidal ideation: AOR: 1.274, 95% CI: 1.017~1.596, p=.035; suicidal attempts: AOR: 1.717, 95% CI: 1.250~2.359, p=.001) had significantly higher odds of suicidal ideation and attempts than intermittent light smokers. Conclusion: Based on the results, smoking prevention and cessation are essential to preventing suicides in adolescents. Especially, smoking intervention programs are needed to reduce smoking intensity in smokers.