• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.291-302
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• 2017

Radiometric calibration is a prerequisite to quantitative remote sensing, and its accuracy has a direct impact on the reliability and accuracy of the quantitative application of remotely sensed data. This paper presents absolute radiometric calibration of the KOMPSAT-3 (KOrea Multi Purpose SATellite-3) and cross calibration using the Landsat-8 OLI (Operational Land Imager). Absolute radiometric calibration was performed using a reflectance-based method. Correlations between TOA (Top Of Atmosphere) radiances and the spectral band responses of the KOMPSAT-3 sensors in Goheung, South Korea, were significant for multispectral bands. A cross calibration method based on the Landsat-8 OLI was also used to assess the two sensors using near simultaneous image pairs over the Libya-4 PICS (Pseudo Invariant Calibration Sites). The spectral profile of the target was obtained from EO-1 (Earth Observing-1) Hyperion data over the Libya-4 PICS to derive the SBAF (Spectral Band Adjustment Factor). The results revealed that the TOA radiance of the KOMPSAT-3 agree with Landsat-8 within 5.14% for all bands after applying the SBAF. The radiometric coefficient presented here appears to be a good standard for maintaining the optical quality of the KOMPSAT-3.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.247-264
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• 2008

This paper considers the integrated process control procedure for detecting special causes in an ARIMA(0,1,1) process that is being adjusted automatically after each observation using a minimum mean squared error adjustment policy. It is assumed that a special cause can change the process mean and the process variance. We derive expressions for the process deviation from target for a variety of different process parameter changes, and introduce a control chart, based on the generalized likelihood ratio, for detecting special causes. We also propose the integrated process control scheme bases on the future loss. The future loss denotes the cost that will be incurred in a process remaining interval from a true out-of-control signal.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.210-218
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• 2006

Traditional statistical process control (SPC) applied to discrete part industry in the form of control charts can look for and eliminate assignable causes by process monitoring. On the other hand, engineering process control (EPC) applied to the process industry in the form of feedback control can maintain the process output on the target by continual adjustment of input variable. This study presents controlling and monitoring rules adopted by variable sampling interval (VSI) to change sampling intervals in a predetermined fashion on the predicted process levels under integrated EPC and SPC systems. Twelve rules classified by EPC schemes(MMSE, constrained PI, bounded or deadband adjustment policy) and type of sampling interval combined with EWMA chart of SPC are proposed under IMA (1,1) disturbance model and zero-order (responsive) dynamic system. Properties of twelve control rules under three patterns of process change (sudden shift, drift and random shift) are evaluated and discussed through simulation and control rules for integrated VSI EPC and SPC systems are recommended.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.44-54
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• 2002

The main purpose of this methodological study was to develop an assessment tool and intervention protocol for child and family with childhood cancer at early diagnosis stage. The assessment tool and intervention protocol was developed by extensive literature review and consultation with experts. Review of nine domestic and sixty-six international journal articles were done to identify stress, interventions, coping strategies and adjustment of children with cancer and their family. Results were as follows; First, assessment at the early diagnosis stage need to include information on patient, family, and patient/family attitude toward diagnosis and treatment. Second, intervention protocol for children with cancer includes control physical symptoms, manage the side effects of chemotherapy and diagnostic or therapeutic procedures, control emotional responses, provide support and information, assist decision-making and adjust to environment. Third, intervention protocol for family includes controlling emotional responses, provision of informations, inducing family support to patient, improving family cohesion, supporting siblings and supporting spiritual growth. In conclusion, the early diagnosis stage in cancer treatment is important for child and family since this stage greatly affects the overall adjustment of child and family to live with cancer. Therefore, pediatric nurses need to be sensitive to the need of patient/family and systematically manage their needs at this stage.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2008.08a
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• pp.160-164
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• 2008

Most questions made for remote examinations on E-learning databank based selection system use methods of making questions automatically using degree of difficulty. This methods is the kernel of a question selection that degree of difficulty as make test questions, and then needs continuous management for degree of difficulty. This paper present improved algorithms for dynamically adjustment of degree of difficulty based on examination result that is more efficient set of question. We identified this algorithms is more effective as compared with previously algorithms on web-based education system.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.33-45
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• 2019

This study analyzed the association between IFRS adjustments, measured with the IFRS reconciliations, and the subsequent meeting of target earnings. IFRS adjustments include the amounts to be adjusted intentionally, as well as the differences in accounting standards. This study estimated intentional IFRS adjustments and analyzed their association with meeting target earnings. As the results of our analysis, meeting target earnings was associated positively with intentional IFRS adjustments for the total assets, was negatively associated with them for current assets, and was positively associated with them for non-current assets. Since understatement of current assets can be realized into earnings in a short period of time, it seems that current assets were underestimated intentionally in order to meet target earnings subsequently. In contrast, it is considered that non-current assets were overestimated to make them more likely to meet target earnings either by increasing the firm size or by improving financial solvency. The results of this study imply that IFRS adjustments are useful to manage earnings for meeting target earnings. Since accounting standards may be established and revised constantly, which adjustments for them may occur, the results on IFRS adjustments are expected to have implications for investors, policy-makers, and standards establishment entities.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.2232-2238
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• 2008

Most questions made for remote examinations on E-learning databank based selection system use methods of making questions automatically using degrees of difficulty. This method is the kernel of a question selection that degrees of difficulty as make test questions, and then needs continuous management for degrees of difficulty. This paper presents improved algorithms for dynamically adjustment of degrees of difficulty based on examination result that is more efficient sot of questions. We identified this algorithm is more effective as compared with previous algorithms on web-based education systems.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.60 no.1
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• pp.147-162
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• 2022

Although the globally known one-child policy in China was abolished in 2016, the overall fertility rate in the country declined to 1.3 in 2020. In this study, we examined whether the achievement of major developmental tasks during the childrearing stage was associated with intentions to have a second child among Chinese married women. Based on family development theory, we included parenting adaptation, division of childcare responsibilities with the partner, and marital adjustment as key developmental tasks during the childrearing stage. The participants of this study were 315 married Chinese women who lived with a spouse and a child who had not yet entered elementary school. Data were collected through an online survey in February and March 2021. A multiple regression analysis of the data revealed that a lower level of economic parenting stress, a higher level of fairness in dividing childcare responsibilities with the partner, and a more positive change in their marital relationship after having the first child were associated with greater intentions to have a second child.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.143-162
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• 2021

Although awareness of the need to respond to climate change is expanding, various controversies are being raised about the EU's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM). The EU has announced that they will implement CBAM as responding to climate change and preventing carbon leakage. However, the questions are raised as to whether it is actually effective in preventing carbon leakage. Above all, CBAM has its own contradictions, thus it could not be easy to implement. This is because the possibility of violation of the WTO principles is high and there are many issues in implementation. Emission Trading System (ETS) based on CBAM differs by country, and international linkage is not easy in that ETS is not a widely used system worldwide. The EU's CBAM is highly likely to be used as a trade restrictive tool, and is inevitably subject to trade disputes in that it imposes additional tariffs. The unilateral implementation of CBAM should be restrained unless support from the international community and consideration for developing countries are not taken into account.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.351-365
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• 2024

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to examine the value relevance of the relative sizes of the contractual service margin (hereafter CSM) and the risk adjustment for non-financial risk (hereafter RA). Additionally, the paper examines how the relative size of the CSM impacts the relative value relevance of net assets and net income. Design/methodology/approach - This study conducted an empirical analysis utilizing the quarterly financial data and stock price information of domestically listed insures (including life and non-life insurers) from 2023 onwards. Specifically, regression analysis and parallelism tests were employed in the research. Findings - Firstly, the empirical analysis of the value relevance of CSM and RA showed that CSM has a significant positive value relevance with firm value, while RA has a significant negative value relevance with firm value. Secondly, it was found that as the CSM increases, the value relevance of net income increases, whereas the value relevance of net assets decreases. Research implications or Originality - Despite both CSM and RA being components of insurance contract liabilities, their differing impacts on firm value suggest that the capital market has a relatively clear understanding of the characteristics of CSM and RA. The finding that the value relevance of reported current earnings increases with larger CSM indicates that CSM-focused management is desirable from the perspective of enhancing firm value.