• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.188-192
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• 1998

We established the model of clonogenic assay with human tumor cell line such as Calu-3 (lung carcinoma), HEC- lB (endometrial adenocarcinoma) , HEp-2 (larnyx carcinoma), Hs-5787 (breast carcinoma), K-562 (chronic myelogenous leukemia), SF-188 (brain carcinoma), SNU-1 (stomach carcinoma) and WiDr (colon carcinoma) . We investigated growth inhibition of solvent (EtOH, MeOH) and water (100$^{\circ}C$, 121$^{\circ}C$) extracts from Korean red ginseng by clonogenic assay. The results of clonogenic assay showed that EtOH extract had growth inhibition against Calu-3, SF-188 and SNU-1, MeOH extract had growth inhibition against Calu-3, Hs-5787, K-562, and WiDr, but water extract at 100$^{\circ}C$ and water extract at 121$^{\circ}C$ had not growth inhibition against used cell lines.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.105-110
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• 1999

In our continuing search for new antineoplastic agents from natural products, one hundred and thirty-five herbal drugs were extracted with petroleum ether/ether (1:1), ethyl acetate and methyl alcohol, successively and their cytotoxicities were evaluated against A549 (human lung carcinoma) and SK-OV-3(human ovary adenocarcinoma) cell lines. Among them, fifteen kinds of ether extracts, eighteen kinds of ethyl acetate extracts and seven kinds of methanol extracts showed significant cytotoxic activities (above 70% inhibition) against A549 cell lines at a concentration of $40\;{\mu}g/ml,$ while ten kinds of ether extracts, thirteen kinds of ethyl acetate extracts and six kinds of methanol extracts demonstrated significant cytotoxic activities against SK-OV-3 cell lines at the above same concentration.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.478-484
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• 2004

The novel 1-(1-benzoylindoline-5-sulfonyl)-4-phenyl-4,5-dihydroimidazolones 2 shows highly potent and broad cytotoxicities. Their cytotoxicities against human lung carcinoma A549, human chronic myelogenous leukemia K562, and human ovarian adenocarcinoma SK-OV-3 are compatible with doxorubicin. Compound 2p (1-[(4-aminobenzoyl)indoline-5-sulfonyl])-4-phenyl-4,5-dihydroimidazolone) exhibits a cytotoxicity that is far more potent than doxorubicin and also exhibits highly effective antitumour activities against murine (3LL, Colon 26) and human xenograft (NCI-H23, SW620) tumor models.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.441-452
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• 2000

Background : It is well known that the prevalence of lung cancer is higher in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients than in the general population. This high prevalence is explained by the concept of 'scar carcinoma'. There have been several reports on the prevalence of histologic typo of lung cancer in IPF with conflicting results. Despite of the high smoker rate in almost all previous reports, none considered the smoking history of patients. Therefore we performed a separate studies on fibrosis associated lung cancer and smoking associated lung cancer. The purpose of this study is to investigate the proportion of lung cancer in IPF that is fibrosis associated and to determine the most common histologic type in fibrosis associated lung cancer in IPF. Method : A retrospective review of medical records and radiologic studies was performed for cases of lung cancer with IPF. We investigated smoking history, sequence of diagnosis of lung cancer and IPF, histologic type of lung cancer and the cancer location, especially whether the location is associated with fibrosis. To evaluate the proportion of fibrous associated lung cancer, the lung cancer in IPF were categorized according to the presence of fibrosis at cancer location. Results : Fifty seven patients were subjects for this analysis. Six (11%) cases were diagnosed as lung cancer during follow-up for IPF, and both diseases were diagnosed simultaneously in the others. Ninety four percent of patients were smokers and the average smoking amount was 47.1$\pm$21.9 pack-year. Among the patients with IPF and lung cancer, 42(80.8%) cases were considered as "fibrosis associated". The remainder was "not fibrosis associated" and probably was due to smoking etc. Although the most frequent histologic type was squamous cell carcinoma as a whole, adenocarcinoma was the prominent histologic type in "fibrosis associated lung cancer." Conclusion : Considering the proportion of "fibrosis not associated lung cancer" in the patients with IPF and lung cancer, significant proportion of lung cancer in IPF may not be fibrosis induced. This may influence the distribution of histologic type of lung cancer in IPF.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.67-71
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• 1998

In order to develop new antitumor agents from fermentation broths, we used cccDNA breakage assay abd sulforhodamine B assay for prescreening. As a result, it was shown that sample reach 3.3% when using cccDNA breakage assay. In sulforhodamine B assay, we obtained 4 acive fraction against A549 (a cell line of human lung carcinoma) and SK-OV-3 (a cell line of human adenocarcinoma). These results suggest that these assay would be a promising method for antitumor prescreening from microbial sources.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.56 no.5
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• pp.505-513
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• 2004

Background : In lung cancer patients, the presence of metastatic neck nodes is a crucial indicator of inoperabilty. So thorough physical examination of neck is always mandatory, but sometimes those are hardly palpable even by the skillful hand. Ultrasonography is a useful diagnostic method in detection of small impalpable lymph nodes and in guidance of fine needle aspiration biopsy. In this study we evaluated the clinical usefulness of ultrasonography(USG) and ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration cytology(US-FNA) in lung cancer patients without palpable neck nodes. Methods and Materials : From Sep 2002 to Sep 2003, 36 non-small cell lung cancer patients (20 adenocarcinoma, 16 squamous cell cancer) and 10 small cell lung cancer patients without palpable neck nodes on physical examiation were enrolled. patients who had contralateral mediastinal nodal enlargement(>1cm) on chest CT were excluded. After the routine check of USG on the neck, US-FNA was done in cases with enlarged neck nodes (${\geq}5mm$ in the short axis). The presence of enlarged lymph node on USG, and of malignant cells on cytology were evaluated by the histological type and the patients' clinical stage of lung cancer. Results : Among 36 non-small lung cell cancer patients, 14 (38.8%) had enlarged neck nodes on USG, and 5 of 10 small cell lung carcinoma patients. The mean diameter of the neck nodes was 9.8 mm (range, 7-12 mm). US-FNA of 14 non-small cell lung cancer patients revealed tumor cells in eight patients (57.1%). In 5 small cell lung cancer pateints, tumor cells were found in all cases. By the result of US-FNA, the clinical stage of 8 out of 36 (22.2%) non-small cell lung cancer patients had changed, including two cases of shift from the operable IIIa to the inoperable IIIb. In small cell lung cancer patients their clinical stage was not changed after US-FNA, but their pathological diagnosis was easily done in two cases, in whom endobronchial lesions were not found on bronchoscopy. Conclusions : USG and US-FNA of neck node seem to be safe, sensitive and cost-effective diagnostic tools in the evaluation of lung cancer patients without palpable neck nodes.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.35-41
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• 1999

Background: Sleeve lobectomy of the main bronchus has been proposed to spare lung tissue in patients who cannot tolerate pneumonectomy because of impaired lung function. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether sleeve lobectomy can preserve lung function as expected from preoperative evaluation of lung function in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Method: Between January 1995 and March 1998, 15 patients with non-small cell lung cancer who underwent sleeve resection were evaluated. Preoperative evaluations included spirometry and quantitative lung perfusion scan, from which predicted postoperative $FEV_1$ was calculated. At least 3 months after operation follow up spirometry and bronchoscopy were performed. Predicted FEVj was compared with measured postoperative $FEV_1$. Result: Fourteen men and one woman, with median age of 58 years, were reviewed. The diagnosis was squamous cell carcinoma in 13 patients and adenocarcinoma of lung in 2 patients. Our results showed a excellent preservation of pulmonary function after sleeve lobectomy. Correlation between the predicted (mean, $2180{\pm}570mL$) and measured $FEV_1$ (mean, $2293{\pm}499mL$) was good(r=0.67, P<0.05). Furthermore, patient with low $FEV_1$ (<2L) showed improved lung function after sleeve lobectomy. Conclusion: These findings indicated a complete recovery of the reimplanted lung lobes after sleeve lobectomy. Therefore, this technique could be safely used in lung cancer patients with impaired lung function.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.91-96
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• 2017

Background: To evaluate whether DM affects the SUVmax of metastatic lesions on ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT and whether the SUVmax can influence the prognosis of metastatic PDAC patients. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 86 patients with metastatic PDAC who underwent PET/CT before treatment. The SUVmax of primary and metastatic lesions and the ratios of the SUVmax were measured. Long-term survival was evaluated using clinical parameters. Results: The mean SUVmax of primary lesion was lower in the DM group than in the non-DM group (4.74 vs. 5.96, p=0.009). The SUVmax for all metastatic lesions, except those in the lung, were lower in the DM group than in the non-DM group, and these differences were statistically significant in the lymph nodes and peritoneum. In the 35 patients with hepatic metastasis, higher ratios of the liver SUVmax significantly correlated with shorter OS (HR, 2.625; p=0.013). Conclusion: DM can influence the lower SUVmax of metastatic lesions as well as primary lesions. The SUVmax ratio of hepatic metastasis could influence on prognosis in metastatic PDAC patients.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.116-124
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• 1995

Eighty cases of malignant effusion were cytologically studied to elucidate the incidence of primary tumor site and cytologic characteristics of each tumor types. Eighty fluid specimens were composed of 43 ascitic, 35 pleural, and 2 pericardial effusion and primary tumor site had been confirmed by histology. The frequent primary sites were stomach(22 cases, 28%), lung(21 cases, 26%), ovary(11 cases, 14%), liver(7 cases, 9%), and breast (4 cases, 5%). The principal malignant tumors were adenocarcinoma (56 cases, 70%), squamous cell carcinoma (7 cases, 9%), liver cell carcinoma (7 cases, 9%), small cell carcinoma (4 cases, 5%), and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (4 cases, 5%). The distinctive cytologic findings according to primary tumor types were as follows; the gastric adenocarcinomas were mainly characterized by isolated cells and irregular clusters sometimes with signet ring cells. Papillary serous cystadenocarcinoma of ovary showed frequently papillary clusters and occasional psammoma bodies. Breast carcinoma of ductal type showed cell balls with smooth margins. Colonic adenocarcinoma showed rather irregular clusters or palisading pattern of cylindrical cells. Metastatic squamous cell carcinoma, liver cell carcinoma, small cell carcinoma, and non-Hodgkln's lymphoma showed also characteristic features. These findings Indicate that the cytological features observed in the great majority of malignant effusion are similar to those of primary tumor types, which are very helpful to indentify the primary tumor site.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.25-30
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• 1992

The causes of treatment failure in head and neck cancer are locoregional recurrence, distant metastasis and second primary cancer. The favorite sites of second primary cancer are head and neck, lung and esophagus. But, the incidence of stomach cancer in Korea is the highest of all, high incidence of stomach cancer is expected in head and neck cancer patients. We experienced 2 cases of stomach cancer after successful treatment of primary head and neck cancer at Kang Nam St. Mary's hospital. The first case was a 60-year-old male with nasopharyngeal non-keratinizing carcinoma(stage III, T1N1M0). He received three cycles of induction chemotherapy including cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil followed by radiotherapy which resulted in complete response. Five months after completion of radiotherapy. stomach adenocarcinoma(stage IV, T4N2M1) was diagnosed. He received one cycle of FAM chemotherapy and died 4 months after diagnosis of stomach cancer. The second case was a 50-year-old male with pyriform sinus squamous cell carcinoma(stage II, T2N0M0). He received curative partial pharyngolaryngectomy followed by radiotherapy which result in free of disease. Four months after completion of radiotherapy. stomach adenocarcinoma(stage IV, T4N2M1) was diagnosed. Bypass gastrojejunostomy was performed. The screening test for stomach cancer including upper gastrointestinal X-xay series and/or endoscope of the stomach should be performed periodically for the patients with head and neck cancer in Korea.