• 정보처리학회논문지D
• /
• 제11D권3호
• /
• pp.703-708
• /
• 2004

현재 우리나라의 인만 서장우편 물량은 매년 증가하고 있는 추세이며 특히 월말이나 연말에 집중화되는 계절성과 순환성의 특성을 보인다. 그러나 우편물량의 증가와 월말 또는 연말에 집중화되는 현상에 적절히 대응하지 못하고 있으며, 집배원의 인력 부족으로 서비스의 질적 저하와 업무 부하량 증가 등의 문제가 더욱 가시화되어 가고 있다. 이러한 상황에서 신속한 우편물 처리와 집배원의 업무 경감 등을 위해 배달우편물 순로구분 시스템, 주소정보 시스템 도입 등의 노력이 시도되고 있으나. 일반 소비자 또는 다량 우편물 발송업체 등의 주소 기재 방식이 일정하지 않고 표현 방법이 다양하여 자동화 기계 및 집배원 업무효율의 저하가 예상되고 있는 실정이다 따라서 본 논문에서는 우편물에 기입하는 주소의 표기 표준화를 통해 주소인식률과 집배원의 배달 구분 업무 효율성을 향상시키고자 한다. 먼저 국내 우편주소 체계와 정보 구조를 살펴보고, 각각의 문제점을 파악하여 표준화 시 고려할 요소들을 표기 내용을 중심으로 정리하였다. 그리고 자동주소인식을 위해 다양한 형식의 결정을 위해 고려사항들을 제시하였다.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
• /
• 제4권4호
• /
• pp.314-320
• /
• 2002

The various sectors of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) have been addressing the evolution of thirdgeneration and future wireless systems in the context of a comprehensive International Mobile Telecommunications 2000 (IMT-2000) project, and within the ITU’s Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) a Special Study Group on “IMT-2000 and Beyond” has been established to address the network aspects of these emerging wireless systems. The Special Study Group (SSG) is playing a global role in this general area, in which a number of regional standards development organizations and a variety of industry forums are also active. This paper provides background information on the SSG and describes the SSG’s ongoing work addressing medium-term issues relating to convergence of fixed and mobile systems and the harmonization of evolving IMT-2000 systems. The paper also addresses related mobility management aspects.

• International Journal of Stem Cells
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.120-129
• /
• 2024

Recent amendments to regulatory frameworks have placed a greater emphasis on the utilization of in vitro testing platforms for preclinical drug evaluations and toxicity assessments. This requires advanced tissue models capable of accurately replicating liver functions for drug efficacy and toxicity predictions. Liver organoids, derived from human cell sources, offer promise as a reliable platform for drug evaluation. However, there is a lack of standardized quality evaluation methods, which hinders their regulatory acceptance. This paper proposes comprehensive quality standards tailored for liver organoids, addressing cell source validation, organoid generation, and functional assessment. These guidelines aim to enhance reproducibility and accuracy in toxicity testing, thereby accelerating the adoption of organoids as a reliable alternative or complementary tool to animal testing in drug development. The quality standards include criteria for size, cellular composition, gene expression, and functional assays, thus ensuring a robust hepatotoxicity testing platform.

• 의학교육논단
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.15-19
• /
• 2015

To produce well-qualified medical doctors, clinical training is a crucial part of medical education. To this end, teaching hospitals should be carefully selected and professionally managed. However, in Korea, there are no regulations or standards for training hospitals. Instead, some of the regulations that target teaching interns and residents are applied to teaching hospitals. In this study, we reviewed standards and regulations for training hospitals in other countries as a basis for proposing new standards for teaching hospitals in Korea. These new standards take into account the current environment of Korean medicine with the aim of designing appropriate educational programs for students and professional development systems for professors as well as providing educational resources and addressing the local community and international exchange opportunities.

• 국제학술발표논문집
• /
• The 5th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
• /
• pp.74-79
• /
• 2013

Aiming at reducing deaths and injuries involving construction crane operations, OSHA has recently updated its 40-year-old crane safety standards with new rules addressing the use of cranes and derricks in construction. The goal of this change in rule is to deal with the leading causes of fatalities related to crane and derrick operations. Employers in the construction industry are mandated to ensure that employees in the work zone are trained to recognize hazards associated with the use of the equipment and any related duties that they are assigned to perform. However, those responsible at construction sites for the supervision and management of safe crane operations often lack the integrated knowledge of the standards, regulations and best practices for conducting or supervising daily, monthly, or quarterly inspection of cranes. As such, proper planning, management and implementation of crane operations, including inspections are just as paramount to reducing accidents on the construction site. It is important that engineers responsible for the management and planning of crane operations understand the latest OSHA crane and hoisting standards to ensure a safer work environment is maintained. Many on site engineers overseeing crane operations do not have adequate training, experience, and knowledge of the inspection requirements to assess safe crane operation and too often rely on the crane operator's judgement. This paper highlights recent research effort in defining significant changes in new crane and hoisting standards and provides basis for safety construction operations.

• ETRI Journal
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.113-128
• /
• 2008

Turbo codes are extensively used in current communications standards and have a promising outlook for future generations. The advantages of software defined radio, especially dynamic reconfiguration, make it very attractive in this multi-standard scenario. However, the complex and power consuming implementation of the maximum a posteriori (MAP) algorithm, employed by turbo decoders, sets hurdles to this goal. This work introduces an ASIP architecture for the MAP algorithm, based on a dual-clustered VLIW processor. It displays the good performance of application specific designs along with the versatility of processors, which makes it compliant with leading edge standards. The machine deals with multi-operand instructions in an innovative way, the fetching and assertion of data is serialized and the addressing is automatized and transparent for the programmer. The performance-area trade-off of the proposed architecture achieves a throughput of 8 cycles per symbol with very low power dissipation.

• 한국환경보건학회지
• /
• 제50권2호
• /
• pp.138-145
• /
• 2024

Background: Appropriateness issues have emerged regarding the non-application of hazardous substance safety standards for items classified as 'other textile products'. Objectives: Testing for formaldehyde (HCHO) and risk assessment were conducted on 'other textiles products' to provide reference data for promoting product safety policies. Methods: Testing was conducted on five items (102 products) classified as 'other textile products' according to relevant standards (textile products safety standards), and the risk of each product was assessed using the evaluation methodologies of the European Centre for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals (ECETOC) and European Chemical Agency (ECHA). Results: Out of the 102 products tested, HCHO was detected above the quantification limit in five. Based on these results, the screening risk assessment indicated that three products exceeded the criteria. Upon reassessing the emission and transfer rates of products exceeding the criteria, it was confirmed that there were no instances of exceeding the criteria. Conclusions: Risk assessment results can be used as supporting data for non-application of hazardous substance standards. However, it is deemed necessary to transition towards a management approach based on risks in order to addressing emerging trends such as convergence/new products.

• 한국가금학회지
• /
• 제47권1호
• /
• pp.39-48
• /
• 2020

The present study intended to analyze and detect any possible shortcomings in the current egg distribution system in Korea through a questionnaire. The institutional system and cases of operation thereof in advanced countries such as the USA, Japan, and Germany for the development of the egg distribution industry in Korea. The results revealed the following issues: absent pricing system, ineffective egg distribution, and difficulty in balancing supply and demand. Suggestions for addressing these issues and the subsequent improvement were based on cases found in the instated systems of advanced countries, and were given as follows: (i) The existing GP Center needs to be separated from the farms of laying hens, and the current institutional system and its operations need to be improved and should be approved by the government. Parallel to the institutional improvement, establishing a distribution system centered on the GP Center would be desirable. (ii) Egg pricing regulations are needed as a standard to determine the price of eggs. (iii) The reinforcing control standards and securing means for egg preservation are pertinent to each stage of egg distribution and should take into account environmental factors such as egg preservation temperature to guarantee high hygiene standards and egg safety.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.51-53
• /
• 2015

H.264/AVC is international video coding standard, which shows improved code and efficiency than the existing video standards. H.264/AVC proposes data partitioning method that considerably to be an effective layering technique which separates important addressing data from the residual data. UEP(Unequal Error Protection) turbo code of H.264/AVC uses retransmission system to get the UEP effectively. However, Data partitioning system of H.264/AVC is inefficient method in turbo code of H.264/AVC. Based on this observation, we propose the new UEP turbo code algorithm that reconstructs input sequence of turbo code without retransmission system.

• International Journal of Quality Innovation
• /
• 제6권3호
• /
• pp.190-203
• /
• 2005

This paper empirically determines the extent to which ISO 9001 certified small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) were able to attain the eight quality management principles on which the ISO 9004:2000 Standard is based. It employs the Analytic Hierarchy Process approach in determining the percent weightings of these principles and the self-assessment questions which form part of the ISO 9004:2000 Standards. Of particular interest is a weakness of these enterprises in formulating policies addressing the needs and expectations of shareholders and the society in terms of the community and the public affected by the organisations or its products. This paper makes a contribution to the body of knowledge in the field of quality management in Trinidad and Tobago where such work is limited. It adds value by empirically measuring TQM implementation through determining the extent to which its criteria are implemented in ISO 9001 certified SMEs.