• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.33 no.8
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• pp.1135-1144
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• 2003

Purpose. This study was conducted to understand the degree of internet addiction tendency and to find out the factors influencing this addiction tendency among middle school students in Gyeong-buk area. Methods. A total of 450 middle school students in the Daegu and Gyeong-buk area were surveyed in this study. Data collection was conducted through the use of questionnaires. Results. Internet addiction among middle school students was relatively low (Average user). In the overall ratio distribution, however, students who were classified as either addicted or at risk of addiction accounted for a high percentage, 27%. A positive correlation was found between Internet addiction and Internet expectation, depression and parent control over Internet use. A negative correlation was found between Internet addiction and interpersonal relationship, parent support and self-control. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the most powerful predictor of Internet addiction tendency was depression. Conclusion. Through the above results, it would be necessary to develop an Internet addiction prevention program for adolescents taking into account for the psychological factors such as depression and Internet use habits. In the future study, the need assessment will be useful for developing this prevention program.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.354-363
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• 2006

Purpose: The Purpose of this study was to determine the effect of an internet games addiction prevention program on middle school students' depression, self esteem and Internet games addiction. Methods: The internet games addiction prevention program in this study was based on the Ellis'(1962) ABC Model. This research adopted the non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design. and was conducted with 52 middle school students who were selected through convenient sampling and assigned to an experimental group or a control group. Data were collected from January 15, 2006 to February 19, 2006, and analyzed using the SPSS/PC program by frequency, Fisher exact test, t-test, means, standard deviations and ANCOVA. Results: The results of the experiment supported the hypothesis that the experimental group would have lower depression scores and internet games addiction scores and higher self-esteem scores than the control group. Conclusions: After 8 sessions of the internet games addiction prevention program, it was found that the program was effective to improve the score of self-esteem and reduces the scores of internet games addiction and depression.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.207-214
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of an Internet addiction prevention program on middle school students' stress and Internet addiction, Methods: This research adopted the non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design, and was conducted with 40 middle school students who were selected through convenient sampling and assigned to an experimental group or a control group, Data were collected from September 5, 2007 to September 27, 2007, and analyzed using the SPSS/WIN program by frequency, $x^2$-test, Fisher's exact test, and t-test. Results: The results of the experiment supported the hypothesis that the experimental group would have lower stress scores and Internet addiction scores than the control group, Conclusion: After 8 sessions of the Internet addiction prevention program, it was found the program was effective to reduce stress and Internet addiction.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.205-218
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to examine the factors that the characteristics of Protection Motivation Theory affects the addiction of social game users in Korea and then, to verify how these factors make an impact on the addiction through the immersion. The characteristics of protection motivation theory are vulnerability, severity, efficiency, and disability, and we want to study the influence of each characteristic on social game flow and the relationship leading to addiction. The results of this research can be useful for 'social game addiction prevention education'. This study was conducted to survey the users who had experienced using the social game to verify the suggested hypothesis. As the results of the survey, first of all, vulnerability appeared to have a positive effect on the flow. Secondly, severity appeared not to have a positive impact on the flow. Thirdly, efficiency turned out to affect the flow. Fourthly, disability turned out to have a positive impact upon the flow. Lastly, flow was revealed to make a positive impact on the addiction. The results of this study will help to construct the content of 'social game addiction prevention education program'.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.347-355
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of internet addiction prevention program on adolescents' self-regulation using systematic review and meta-analysis. Databases od domestic literature were used, Library of Congress, KERIS, KISS, domestic Journal, until 2018, eleven articles were used for meta-analysis. As a result of the study, there was statistically significant difference in the overall effect of self-regulation on the internet addiction prevention program, but the heterogeneity was high and subgroup analysis was conducted. The effects of self-regulation on the Internet addiction prevention program according to subjects were statistically significant in both elementary and middle & high school students. The effect size of self-regulation by internet addiction was statistically significant..Therefore, it's necessary to develop an Internet addiction prevention program according to the characteristics of elementary and middle & high school students.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.65-80
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• 2008

Objectives: To identify the relationship between the internet addition of elementary school students, and their health behavior and VDT syndrome, and thereby to detect the impact of internet addiction on the health behavior of elementary school students, to get the basic information necessary to develop a prevention program for internet addiction and to plan for VDT syndrome prevention program. Methods: We conducted this study during the period from jun 27, 2007 through July 8, 2007. The subjects of this study were 416 children whose grades were in 4th through 6th grades of elementary schools located in the city A in Kyung Pook Providence. Data were obtained from self-rating questionnaires. The questionnaires were composed of Korean Internet Addiction Self-examination on Internet Use Patterns (K-scale), Health Behavior Profile, VDT Syndrome, and general characteristics. We used t-test, AVOVA with Ducan method for Post-hoc comparison in means comparison between groups, $X^2$-test for frequency analysis and Pearson's correlation coefficient. We used SPSS/PC(12.0 ver) program and the LISREL 8.53 Win program for covariance structural analysis. Results: Major results were as follows. 1. The internet addiction propensity distribution based on the distribution of scores were investigated according to the self diagnosis scale on internet addiction. 6.5% of them were high risk user group, 14.4% were potential risk users and 79.1% of them were common user groups. 2. Internet addictions by sex, internet use duration, frequency (days/week), time(hours/day), purpose, position, brightness of internet, attitude of parents and frequency of conversation of family members were statistically significant(p<0.01). 3. There was a statistically significant difference in VDT syndrome according to internet addiction groups(p<0.001) besides ocular symptoms, dry mouth and GI troubles. 4. The health behavior score was the lowest in high risk user group(p<0.001). There were significant differences between internet addiction groups in personal hygiene and habits of daily living(p<.002), the prevention of accidents(p<.002), the practice concerned with the prevention of infectious disease(p=.002), and mental health(p<.001). 5. There was also a significant negative correlation between internal addiction and health profile(r=-0.365, p<0.01) and a significant positive correlation between internal addiction and VDT syndrome(r=0.331, p<0.01). 6. As the result of structural model analysis, internet use time(/day), days of internet use(/1week), conversation frequency among family members, degree of brightness of internet use had significant direct effects on internet addiction. Conclusions: The results will help the development of an effective intervention program for the prevention and treatment of internal addiction by clarifying the effect of the internal addiction upon elementary school students' VDT syndrome and health behavior.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.91-99
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was done to develop a cell phone addiction prevention program for middle school students, and to examine the effects of the program on self-esteem, self-efficacy, impulsiveness, and cell phone use. Methods: The study was designed using a nonequivalent control group pre-test-post-test design. The participants were 63 middle school students (31 in the experimental group and 32 in the control group). Students in the experimental group were given the cell phone addiction prevention program. The data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 14.0 program. Results: Students in the experimental group reported a significant increase in self-esteem compared to students in the control group. Students in the experimental group also reported a significant decrease in cell phone use compared to students in the control group. Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that the cell phone addiction prevention program was effective in increasing self-esteem and decreasing cell phone use in middle school students.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.139-148
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• 2010

This study aimed to develop the teacher training programs to prevent and treat of game addiction. First, we analyzed the existing training programs concerning game addiction and searched for various strategies applicable to game addiction prevention and treatment education programs. On this ground, training programs were divided into three courses that were the prevention program for normal students, the treatment program I for students in the potential-risk group, and the treatment program II for those in the high-risk group. For the prevention program, commonalities were drawn and developed from the existing studies and training programs; and for treatment programs, game addiction clinic centers were analyzed to draw various useful strategies and contents. We also developed the details of those programs in consultation with experts. As a result of content validity about the developed teacher training program to prevent and treat of game addiction, this program was generally appropriate and acceptable. We expect that the developed programs help to treat a student who has game addiction effectively.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.307-318
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• 2013

This study developed the prevention education program of smartphone overuse for adolescents in middle school and testified its outcome. Finally the 4-session prevention education program for smartphone overuse was developed. 1st session was composed of psychoeducation about smartphone overuse and its side effect by quiz question. 2nd session smartphone addiction and brain change, 3rd session motivational enhancement program for smartphone overuse, 4th session cognitive behavioral program for it. The outcome was testified by internet addiction scale, smartphone addiction scale, and school adaptation scale for 2 classes of middle school students(experimental and control class). 2 Main results were as follows; First, the smartphone addiction total score and cyberworld orientation of the students participating in it were statistically significantly reduced. The difficulty of daily living and abstinence symptom due to smartphone overuse of them tended to reduce. Second, internet addiction total and all subscores of them were not changed. Third, class adaptation of them was statistically significantly increased and school adaptation total score and teacher adaptation of them tended to increase. Its meaning, implication and limitation were discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.45-54
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• 2006

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to find out the relationship between internet addiction and stress coping behaviors among the 5th․6th graders Methods : there were 609 5th․6th graders from 13 school located in Jeongeup city and the data were collected from June 1-10, 2004. Research instrument to test internet addiction was 4-points summated scale composed of 20-items and the instrument to examine stress coping behaviors was also 4-points summated scale composed of 30-items. The data was analyzed by frequency, percentage, χ2-test, Pearson's Correlation Coefficient and multiple regression analysis using SPSS/PC 10.0. Results : The results were as follows: 1.The degree of internet addiction were 2.4% of addiction, 36.5% of addiction tendency and 61.1% of non-addiction. 2. In the relation between the degree of internet addiction and subscale stress coping behaviors, Internet addiction had significant positive correlation to the passive-avoiding coping (r= .202, p= .000) and aggressive coping(r= .233, p= .000). Multiple regression analysis revealed that the most powerful predictor of internet addiction was passive-avoiding coping. Aggressive coping and active coping had significant effects on internet addiction. These predictive variables of internet addiction explained 10.2% of variance. Conclusion : From the above findings, the authors concluded that it is necessary to develop a program for prevention of the internet addiction and education of stress coping behaviors can be recommended for prevention of the internet addiction.