• 보존과학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.255-265
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 지금까지 자연과학적 분석을 통해 확인된 30개 유적의 281점 포타쉬유리에 대하여 화학 조성에 따라 유형을 분류하고 색상, 크기, 제작 기법 그리고 유통 시기를 비교하였다. 한국의 포타쉬유리는 안정제 함량에 따라 3가지 유형으로 구분된다. I, II형은 CaO와 $Al_2O_3$ 함량이 모두 5% 미만으로 상대적으로 I형은 CaO 함량이 높고 II형은 $Al_2O_3$ 함량이 높다. 이와 달리 III형은 CaO를 5% 이상 포함한다. 이들은 융제를 첨가하기 위해 I, II형이 초석, III형이 식물 재를 원료로 사용한 것으로 추정된다. 유형별 특성에서, I형은 감청색, 벽색 및 청록색, 자색을 띠고 외경이 1.4~7.4mm까지 다양한 크기가 확인된다. 늘인 기법에 의해 제작되었으며 가장 빠른 BC 1C경 출현하여 AD 6C까지 지속적으로 유통된 것으로 나타났다. 반면 II형은 벽색 및 청록색을 띠며, 외경이 1.9~3.6mm 정도의 소형 구슬이다. 제작 기법은 I형과 동일하며 AD 1C경 나타나 4C경 단절되는 양상을 보인다. 마지막으로 III형은 갈색, 무색, 황색을 띠며 외경이 대략 10mm 전후에 달하는 대형 구슬이다. 말은 기법에 의해 성형되었으며 고려 및 조선시대 민묘에서 등장한다. 이상의 결과에서 한국에서 유통된 3가지 유형의 포타쉬유리는 각기 다른 생산지에서 다양한 교역 루트를 통해 유입된 것으로 판단된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.650-657
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• 2002

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of forage:concentrate ratios and feeding principles on milk yield, milk composition, body weight change, postpartum oestrus and feed cost. A total of 36 crossbred F1 cows (Holstein Friesian${\times}$Local Yellow) in the 8th week of lactation were used. In each experiment, animals were divided into three groups using a randomized block design according to the milk yield of the previous eight weeks. Cows were fed 30, 50 and 70% concentrate in the diet based on DM. In experiment 1 (Fc), cows were given the same amount of DM with constant ratios of forage and concentrate within treatments. In experiment 2 (Fa), cows were given the same constant amounts of concentrate as in experiment 1 and ad libitum forage. The forage consisted of a natural grass mixture based on 5 species of grasses with high nutritive values. There was no difference in total DM intake between treatments within experiments. However, cows fed forage ad libitum had higher DM intakes compared to cows fed constant forage (1.6, 4.5 and 9.5% for cows fed 70, 50 and 30% forage, respectively). Daily milk yield of cows fed forage ad libitum was higher than that of cows fed constant forage:concentrate ratio. Within experiment, milk yield was highest for cows fed 30% DM forage, followed by cows fed 50% and then cows fed 70% forage (11.17, 10.98 and 10.71 for the 30Fc, 50Fc and 70Fc cows; 11.73, 11.16 and 10.81 kg for the 30Fa, 50Fa and 70Fa cows, respectively). Decreased forage ratio in the diets resulted in decreased milk fat content and tended to increase milk protein. Increased concentrate ratio in the diet and feeding forage ad libitum increased body weight gain. The effect of forage:concentrate ratio on postpartum oestrus was not significant. The feed cost per kg milk produced was lowest for the cows fed 70% forage. It is concluded that increased ratio of concentrate resulted in increased body weight gain, milk yield, milk protein, and decreased milk fat. Feeding forage ad libitum increased feed intake, milk yield and body weight gain. The ratio of 50% forage is more suitable for milk production and animal condition, but in terms of feed cost and under the conditions of small dairy farmers, the 70% ad libitum forage feeding is recommended.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.399-407
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• 2015

경남 남해군에 자생하는 고유품종으로 품종보호 등록된 섬애약쑥의 채취시기와 건조방법에 따른 이화학적 특성과 항산화활성을 평가하였다. 섬애약쑥은 5, 6, 7월에 동일한 재배지에서 수확한 후 각각을 12일 동안 음건(SD) 및 $60^{\circ}C$에서 7일간 숙성한 다음 $90^{\circ}C$에서 220분간 저장하여(AD) 건조하였다. 전처리방법을 달리하여 건조한 섬애약쑥의 유리당을 분석한 결과 glucose만이 검출되었으며 함량은 $0.42{\pm}0.02{\sim}0.43{\pm}0.01g/100g$과 $0.41{\pm}0.02{\sim}0.47{\pm}0.04g/100g$이었다. 총 페놀화합물의 함량은 AD($1.29{\pm}0.08{\sim}2.90{\pm}0.08g/100g$)와 비교하여 SD($1.85{\pm}0.09{\sim}3.45{\pm}0.14g/100g$)에서 더 높았다. 물 추출물을 31.5, 62.5, 125, 250, $500{\mu}g/mL$의 농도로 제조하여 항산화활성을 평가한 결과 DPPH와 ABTS 라디칼 소거활성은 SD 5월 시료와 AD 7월 섬애약쑥 추출물의 활성이 가장 높았으며, FRAP도 이들 시료에서 여타 시료에 비해 유의적으로 활성이 높았다. ${\beta}$-Carotene에 대한 탈색 저해활성도 SD의 5월과 AD의 7월 시료에서 각각 $25.53{\pm}2.85{\sim}81.43{\pm}2.56%$, $35.98{\pm}2.22{\sim}79.00{\pm}1.42%$로 가장 활성이 높았다. 이상의 결과 섬애약쑥은 5월 채취하여 음건하였을 때와 7월에 채취하여 숙성가공하였을 때 유용성분의 섭취가 더 용이하며, 높은 항산화활성을 나타내어 기능성 식품 소재로 활용도가 높을 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2000년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.211-216
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• 2000

Foamed concrete is applied ad filling, material of On-dol, bur it has much trouble in controlling the quality because of not establishing the detailed related criteria and recommendation for the construction and quality control practice. Therefore, this study will investigate the as-placed density and air content of formed slurry before hardening and its physical characteristics after hardening, analyzed the relation of each characteristic, and finally provide the proper method for the quality control foamed concrete.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제27권12호
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• pp.1763-1772
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• 2014

The objective of this study was to assess the effects of constant high ambient temperatures on meat quality, antioxidant capacity, and carnosine expression in longissimus dorsi muscle of finishing pigs. Castrated 24 male DLY (crossbreeds between Landrace${\times}$Yorkshire sows and Duroc boars) pigs were allocated to one of three treatments: constant ambient temperature at $22^{\circ}C$ and ad libitum feeding (CON, n = 8); constant high ambient temperature at $30^{\circ}C$ and ad libitum feeding (H30, n = 8); and constant ambient temperature at $22^{\circ}C$ and pair-fed with H30 (PF, n = 8). Meat quality, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, antioxidant capacity, carnosine content, and carnosine synthetase (CARNS1) mRNA expression in longissimus dorsi muscle were measured after three weeks. The results revealed that H30 had lower $pH_{24h}$, redness at 45 min, and yellowness at 24 h post-mortem (p<0.05), and higher drip loss at 48 h and lightness at 24 h post-mortem (p<0.01). Constant heat stress disrupted the pro-oxidant/antioxidant balance in longissimus dorsi muscle with higher MDA content (p<0.01) and lower antioxidant capacity (p<0.01). Carnosine content and CARNS1 mRNA expression in longissimus dorsi muscle of H30 pigs were significantly decreased (p<0.01) after three weeks at $30^{\circ}C$. In conclusion, constant high ambient temperatures affect meat quality and antioxidant capacity negatively, and the reduction of muscle carnosine content is one of the probable reasons.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.101-111
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• 2012

Children have become the target of intense and specialized food advertising efforts. This study examines the content of TV food advertising and discussed possible concerns from the perspective of children. A total of 102 ads were collected from two cable networks aimed at children. Most of the food ads used emotional appeals and did not provide information clues such as nutrition values. Ads with high sales pressure and celebrity endorsements appeared frequently and the ads for snack foods and high-carbohydrate bakery products were dominant. Understanding food ads can be a significant indicator to establish the orientation of consumer ad education and build educational programs appropriate for children. The issue that appears conspicuous in child targeted advertising and marketing is the childhood obesity and food advertising relation; subsequently, there is a need to evolve advertising that targets children into a positive educational information source.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제28권9호
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• pp.817-824
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• 1995

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of dietary protein level on Ca efficiency in bone mineral density in growing male rats. Twenty male rate were divided into two groups. The rats in one group were fed on casein 20% diet as control group and the others were fed on casein 40% diet as protein group. All rats were fed on experimental diet and deionized water ad libitum for 9 weeks. The total body, spine and femur bone mineral density and bone mineral content were measured using dual energy-x ray absorptiometry. Urinary calcium, phosphate, pyridinoline and creatinine, serum calcium, phosphate, total protein, albumin, alkaline phosphatase(ALP) and osteocalcin were measured. Urinary Ca excretion, pyridinoline and crosslinks value and serum ALP content seem to be increased in high protein group. It appears that the growing rats in high protein group had a higher bone resprption and bone formation than those in control group. Animal fad a high protein diet had a siginficantly higher Ca efficiency in BMD, BMC of total body, spine and femur. The results of this show that increasing of dietary protein level (40%) is beneficial of improvement of Ca efficiency during growing period.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.97-105
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• 2001

The ultrasonic pulse velocity test has a strong potential to be developed into a very useful and relatively inexpensive in-place test for assuring the quality of concrete placed in structure. The main problem in realizing this potential is that the relationship between compressive strength ad ultrasonic pulse velocity is uncertain and concrete is an inherently variable material. The objective of this study is to improve the reliability of in-place concrete strength predictions by ultrasonic pulse velocity method. Experimental cement content, s/a rate, and curing condition of concrete. Accuracy of the prediction expressed in empirical formula are examined by multiple regression analysis and linear regression analysis and practical equation for estimation the concrete strength are proposed. Multiple regression model uses water-cement ratio cement content s/a rate, and pulse velocity as dependent variables and the compressive strength as an independent variable. Also linear regression model is used to only pulse velocity as dependent variables. Comparing the results of the analysis the proposed equation expressed highest reliability than other previous proposed equations.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.133-140
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• 1991

This study was designed to investigate age-related changes in body composition and cell mediated immunity. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed stock diet ad libitum and 12 rats were sacrified at 1, 4, 6, 12 months of age. Body weight Increased sharply from 1 to 4 months. and Increased steadily thereafter. The weights of liver, epididymal fat pads, and kidney increased in similar pattern as body weight, but their relative ratio to body weight decreased with age. The ratio of epididymal fat pads to body weight increased with age. The weight of extensor digitorium longus, coleus and plantaris increased from 1 to 4 months, but it decreased at 6, 12 months. The protein content of muscles decreased or increased through- out 12 months. The T cell proliferation response to Con A stimulation was significantly lower at 6 months than 1 month and lower at 12 months than 6 months.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.322-327
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• 1995

Tolerance of Mycobacterium sp. against organic solvents has been induced for the cholesterol side chain degradation by adding chemicals associated with synthesis of fatty acids or alcohols. Biotin of 300 .mu.g/1 and 0.5% aqueous ethanol solution were optima for the enhancement of ethanol tolerance of the microorganism. The induction of ethanol tolerance by biotin was found to be due to increase of degree of unsaturation of the fatty acids in membranous phospholipid of the cell, especially due to increase of oleic acid content. However when 0.5% of ethanol was added for the ethanol tolerance induction, there was an ambiguous correlation between ethanol tolerance and degree of unsaturation of the fatty acids, in spite of the fact that the induction increased the content of unsaturated fatty acids. Addition of 0.5% of ethanol induced several ethanol shock proteins having molecular weight similar to that of heat shock proteins.