• Title/Summary/Keyword: Acute hepatitis

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Diagnostic Significance of the Blood Disappearance Rate of $^{131}I$-Rose Bengal and of $^{198}Au$ colloid in Hepatobiliary Diseases (간담도질환(肝膽道疾患)에 있어서 $^{131}I$-Rose Bengal 및 $^{198}Au$ 교질(膠質)의 혈중소실율(血中消失率)의 진단적(診斷的) 의의(意義)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究))

  • Chun, Young-Kyoon;Koh, Chang-Soon;Hahn, Shim-Suk
    • The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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    • v.5 no.2
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    • pp.7-18
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    • 1971
  • The liver function test was performed by means of two radioisotope tracer techniques in 20 normal subjects and in 63 patients with hepatobiliary diseases. The blood disappearance rates of $^{131}I$-rose bengal and of $^{198}Au$ colloid were determined by external counting method. The hepatocellular function and the hepatic blood flow were estimated from the observed data and the results were compared with those of the conventional liver function tests. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The mean blood disappearance half time of $^{131}I$-rose bengal was $6.6{\pm}0.63$ minutes in normal control, $17.7{\pm}6.93$ in cirrhosis of the liver, $16.6{\pm}4.80$ in acute hepatitis, and $14.7{\pm}3.46$ in obstructive jaundice. It was markedly prolonged in the hepatobiliary diseases as compared with the normal control, but there was no significant difference among the hepatobiliary diseases. 2. The mean blood disappearance half time of $^{198}Au$ colloid was $4.0{\pm}0.66$ minutes in normal control, $9.8{\pm}3.42$ in cirrhosis of the liver, $4.4{\pm}0.82$ in acute hepatitis, and $5.0{\pm}1.42$ in obstructive jaundice. The difference between cirrhosis of the liver and normal control Was statistically significant. However, there was no definite difference among acute hepatitis, obstructive jaundice, and normal control. The mean blood disappearance rate constant (K value) was $0.177{\pm}0.028/minute$ in normal control. In cirrhosis of the liver, it was markedly decreased which was suggestive of the reduced hepatic blood flow. 3. The ratio of $^{131}I$-rose bengal blood disappearance half time to $^{198}Au$ colloid disappearance half time was $1.68{\pm}0.20$ in normal control, $1.82{\pm}0.31$ in cirrhosis of the liver, $3.80{\pm}0.82$ in acute hepatitis, and $3.01{\pm}0.54$ in obstructive jaundice. The ratios in acute hepatitis and obstructive jaundice were remarkably higher than those in normal control and cirrhosis of the liver. 4. There was a significant correlation between the blood disappearance half time of $^{131}I$-rose bengal and that of $^{198}Au$ colloid in cirrhosis of the liver. 5. In cirrhosis of the liver, the blood disappearance half times of $^{131}I$-rose bengal and of $^{198}Au$ colloid were inversely correlated to the serum albumin level. In acute hepatitis, there was a good positive correlation between the blood disappearance half time of $^{131}I$-rose bengal and the serum transaminase activities. In obstructive jaundice, the blood disappearance half time of $^{131}I$-rose bengal was correlated to the serum bilirubin level.

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Clinical Study on the efficacy of Panax Ginseng C. A. Meyer on Acute viral(B) Hepatitis- (II) (고려인삼의 비루스성 급성간염의 치료효과에 미치는 임상학적 연구(II))

  • 구국회;주충노
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
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    • v.7 no.2
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    • pp.125-132
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    • 1983
  • It was attempted in the present study to determind the effect of Korean ginseng on acute viral(B type) hepatitis by double blind test clinically and the results were as follows. 1. The double blind test of 4 week period showed no statistical significance of the effect of ginseng on the disease. 2. The double blind test of 2 week period, however, showed a significant effect in such clinical symptoms as appetite, stomach ache, headache, chillness dizziness, nausea and vomitting, stool habit change and jaundice. Improvement of the blood serum level of transaminases, bilirubin. alkaline phosphatase and cholesterol Chillness feeding period was observed.

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Clinical Characteristics of Adult Patients with Acute Hepatitis A (성인 급성 A형 간염 환자들의 임상 양상)

  • Eun, Jong-Ryul;Lee, Heon-Ju;Kim, Tae-Nyeun;Jang, Byung-Ik;Moon, Hee-Jung
    • Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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    • v.24 no.2
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    • pp.170-178
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    • 2007
  • Background : The incidence of acute hepatitis A in adults has recently been increasing. This study was conducted to investigate the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of acute hepatitis A in Daegu province over the past 10 years. Materials and Methods : We reviewed the medical records of 55 patients (male/female: 34/21), who were diagnosed with acute hepatitis A by confirmation of the IgM anti-HAV between January 1998 and June 2007. Results : The mean age was $29.7{\pm}10.3$ years (range; 17-65 years). The incidence was most common between March and June (56.1%), in the third and fourth decades of life (78.2%) and 90.9% (50/55) of the patients were diagnosed from 2003 to present. The common symptoms included anorexia, nausea or vomiting (69.1%), fever and chills (49.1%), myalgia (47.3%), weight loss (47.3%), fatigue (40.0%), abdominal pain (36.4%), diarrhea (9.1%) and pruritus (5.5%). The mean duration of hospital stay was $8.6{\pm}3.4$ days (range; 3-20 days). The route of transmission was identified in only 11 patients (20.0%); 7 patients (12.7%) traveled (abroad or domestic), 2 patients (3.6%) ingested raw food and 2 patients (3.6%) had friends with acute hepatitis A. Fifty four patients recovered without complication; one patient developed fulminant hepatitis and recovered after a liver transplantation. Conclusion : The incidence of acute hepatitis A in adults is increasing. Because of the cost of treatment and potential for serious disease, persons, under 40 are recommened to have hepatitis A vaccination and confirmation of IgG anti-HAV.

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One Case of Gamdutanggamibang-treated Acute Hepatitis Caused by Acute Paraquat Poisoning (감두탕가미방(甘豆湯加味方)을 이용한 급성 파라콰트 중독후 급성 간염의 한방 치료 1예)

  • Shin, Sun-Ho;Kim, Dong-Woung;Choi, Jin-Young;Seo, Gwan-Su;Cho, Gwon-Il;Shin, Hak-Soo;Han, Myoung-Ah
    • The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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    • v.22 no.2
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    • pp.245-250
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    • 2001
  • Paraquat is one of the widely used herbicides. But it is fatal, if it is consumed by people. Paraquat poisoning causes acute renal failure, hepatic dysfunction, and progressive respiratory failure. There are no effective antidotes to paraquat. This report is about one case's treatment for acute hepatitis caused by paraquat. The patient was hospitalized in the Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University Oriental Medical Hospital in Chonju. The patient received the following treatments while in an acute stage : Gamdutanggamibang(甘豆湯加味方), which consists of Radix glycyrrhizae(甘草), Semen mungo(綠豆), burned powder of Rhizoma rhei(大黃炒炭末), Succus phyllostachyos(竹瀝), chinese ink(墨汁) and fluid therapy. The patient received Sagunjatanggamibang(四君子湯加味方) while in a chronic stage. The patient improved faster with the above treatments than with the conventional treatment. We hope that this report will help widening the clinical range of oriental medicine, and improve systemic efforts in treating paraquat poisoning cases.

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Factors associated with Hepatitis A Preventative Behaviors among University Students (일 지역 대학생의 A형간염 관련 실태와 예방행위에 영향을 미치는 요인)

  • Choi, Jeong-Sil;Ko, Ji Woon;Park, Seungmi
    • Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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    • v.27 no.2
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    • pp.127-134
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    • 2015
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify health beliefs and knowledge related to hepatitis A vaccination (HAV). Preventative behaviors related to HAV were also examined. Methods: The convenience sample of 332 students were drawn from a university in Chung-nam province. The results were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Scheff$\acute{e}$ test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression with SPSS for Windows 21.0 software. Results: Vaccination rates for hepatitis A were 23.4%. The mean scores of health beliefs, knowledge and preventative behaviors related to hepatitis A were $2.38{\pm}0.25$, $0.34{\pm}0.30$, and $3.15{\pm}0.40$ respectively. The factors found to be related to hepatitis A preventative behaviors were HAV, having the HAV antibody and health beliefs. Conclusion: An experience of HAV, having HAV antibody, and positive health beliefs related to hepatitis A may be necessary to increase voluntary hepatitis A preventive behaviors among university students. It is essential to develop the strategy of educating university students about HAV and having HAV antibody as well as reinforcing health beliefs about hepatitis A which prevent the hepatitis A occurrence.

Host Innate Immunity against Hepatitis E Virus and Viral Evasion Mechanisms

  • Kang, Sangmin;Myoung, Jinjong
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.27 no.10
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    • pp.1727-1735
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    • 2017
  • Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infections cause epidemic or sporadic acute hepatitis, which are mostly self-limiting. However, viral infection in immunocompromised patients and pregnant women may result in serious consequences, such as chronic hepatitis and liver damage, mortality of the latter of which reaches up to 20-30%. Type I interferon (IFN)-induced antiviral immunity is known to be the first-line defense against virus infection. Upon HEV infection in the cell, the virus genome is recognized by pathogen recognition receptors, leading to rapid activation of intracellular signaling cascades. Expression of type I IFN triggers induction of a barrage of IFN-stimulated genes, helping the cells cope with viral infection. Interestingly, some of the HEV-encoded genes seem to be involved in disrupting signaling cascades for antiviral immune responses, and thus crippling cytokine/chemokine production. Antagonistic mechanisms of type I IFN responses by HEV have only recently begun to emerge, and in this review, we summarize known HEV evasion strategies and compare them with those of other hepatitis viruses.

One Case of Acute Renal Failure with Toxic Hepatitis Caused by Bile Juice of Cyprinus Carpionudus (향어 담즙섭취에 의한 급성신부전증 1예)

  • Park, Shie-Hwoa;Yoon, Kyung-Woo
    • Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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    • v.4 no.2
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    • pp.159-163
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    • 1987
  • The toxic effect of carp bile is well documented since earlier times but its exect mechanism of toxicity is unclear till now. Recently we have experienced a case of acute fenal failure with toxic hepatitis in a 32-year -old man who ingested raw carp bile. He suffered from abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea, which occured 3 hours after the ingestion of raw carp bile Juice, Hematuria, proteinuria, oliguria and Jaundice developed subsequently. 9 times of hemodialyses was performed and hepatitis was treated by conservative measure. The patient was discharged after 17 days of hospitalization. About 1 month after carp bile ingestion, no sequelae was detected. The authors report a case of acute renal failure due to carp bile juice ingestion With review of literature. Further study is needed as to the toxic substances of carp bile and pathogenesis.

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Venlafaxine-Induced Acute Toxic Hepatitis (Venlafaxine에 의한 급성 독성 간염 1예)

  • Na, Kyeong-Sae;Hwang, Hee-Sung;Kim, Shin-Gyeom;Lee, So-Young-Irene;Jung, Han-Yong
    • Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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    • v.18 no.3
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    • pp.159-162
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    • 2011
  • Venlafaxine is among the most widely prescribed antidepressants. It is extensively metabolized to O-desmethylvenlafaxine via cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2D6. We report a case of acute toxic hepatitis resulting from venlafaxine in a 54-year-old woman with pain disorder. During venlafaxine treatment, laboratory tests revealed elevated liver enzymes with a maximum of 169 IU/L for aspartate transaminase (AST) and 166 IU/L for alanine transaminase (ALT). AST and ALT levels returned to normal after 6 days of discontinuation of venlafaxine. The patient was finally diagnosed with acute toxic hepatitis through liver biopsy. This case indicates the importance that clinicians should be aware of the hepatotoxicity of venlafaxine in practice.

Epidemiology of astrovirus infection in children

  • Jeong, Hye-Sook;Jeong, Ah-Yong;Cheon, Doo-Sung
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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    • v.55 no.3
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    • pp.77-82
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    • 2012
  • Human astrovirus (HAstV) is a major cause of acute diarrhea among children, resulting in outbreaks of diarrhea and occasionally hospitalization. Improved surveillance and application of sensitive molecular diagnostics have further defined the impact of HAstV infections in children. These studies have shown that HAstV infections are clinically milder (diarrhea, vomiting, fever) than infections with other enteric agents. Among the 8 serotypes of HAstV identified, serotype 1 is the predominant strain worldwide. In addition to serotype 1, the detection rate of HAstV types 2 to 8 has increased by using newly developed assays. HAstV is less common compared with other major gastroenteritis viruses, including norovirus and rotavirus; however, it is a potentially important viral etiological agent with a significant role in acute gastroenteritis. A better understanding of the molecular epidemiology and characteristics of HAstV strains may be valuable to develop specific prevention strategies.

Favorable effect of corticosteroids in treating acute-on-chronic liver failure underlying chronic hepatitis B

  • Kim, Hyeji;Kwon, Jung Hyun;Kim, Yong Hee;Nam, Soon Woo;Lee, Jong Yul;Jang, Jeong Won
    • Clinical and Molecular Hepatology
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    • v.24 no.4
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    • pp.430-435
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    • 2018
  • Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) occurs in the presence of a chronic liver disease or cirrhosis, and often results from exacerbation of chronic hepatitis B (CHB). The efficacy of corticosteroid treatment in ACLF patients with underlying CHB remains unclear. We report the case of a 50-year-old woman who experienced ACLF due to CHB exacerbation and was treated with a combination of corticosteroids and nucleot(s)ide analogue (NUC). The patient showed rapid decompensation due to CHB exacerbation. Three months of antiviral therapy produced no improvement in liver function. Combination therapy with corticosteroids and NUC was started, which did result in improvement of liver function. This case shows that the combined therapy of corticosteroids and NUC can be effective in treating ACLF due to CHB exacerbation.