• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.392-399
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• 2019

Wilson disease a rare autosomal recessive inherited disorder of copper metabolism, is characterized by excessive deposition of copper in the liver, brain, and other tissues. Wilson disease is often fatal if it is not recognized early and treated when it is symptomatic. Gitelman syndrome is also an autosomal recessive kidney disorder characterized by low blood levels of potassium and magnesium, decreased excretion of calcium in the urine, and elevated blood pH. Hereditary sensory autonomic neuropathy type IV (HSAN-IV), a very rare condition that presents in infancy, is characterized by anhidrosis, absence of pain sensation, and self-mutilation. It is usually accompanied by developmental delay and mental retardation. We report a case of Wilson disease manifested as fulminant hepatitis, acute pancreatitis, and acute kidney injury in a 15-year-old boy comorbid with HSAN-IV and Gitelman syndrome. Such concurrence of three genetic diseases is an extremely rare case.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.500-512
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• 2010

Objectives : This study was designed to investigate the effects of SuJeom-san(SJS) extract in rats with caerulein-induced acute pancreatitis (AP). Methods : We examined changes of pancreatic weight, histological, immunohistochemical and gene expression of cyclooxygenase (COX-2). Thirty-six adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into six groups as follow: normal(Nor), caerulein-induced (Con), caerulein + cefotaxime sodium(CT), caerulein + SJS 3 mg/kg(SJSA), caerulein + SJS 6 mg/kg(SJSB) and caerulein + SJS 12 mg/kg(SJSC) groups. Pancreatic tissues of rats from all groups were removed for histological observation and light, and electron microscopic examination. Platelet activating factor(PAF) and Interleukin-6(IL-6) levels were determined spectrophotometrically. Results : The ratio of pancreas/body weight was significantly(p<0.05) increased in the Con compared with Nor, but significantly(p<0.05) decreased in SJSA, SJSB, SJSC and CT groups compared with Con. Caerulein administration significantly increased(p<0.05) the levels of amylase, but SJSA, SJSB, SJSC and CT significantly(p<0.05) reduced the levels of these enzymes. The levels of platelet activating factor(PAF) increased in Con compared with Nor, but decreased in SJSA, SJSB, SJSC and CT groups compared with Con. Interleukin-6(IL-6) levels increased significantly in all groups compared to Nor at 6 hrs, but significantly(p<0.05) reduced in SJSA, SJSB, SJSC and CT groups compared with Con at 24 hrs. The levels of tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-${\alpha}$ levels increased in all groups compared to Nor at 6 hrs, but significantly(p<0.05) reduced in SJSA, SJSB, SJSC and CT groups compared with Con at 24 hrs. The COX-2 positive materials were observed in the pancreas of the Con, but these positive materials were decreased in the SJS extract treatment group. Conclusion : SJS is potentially capable of limiting pancreatic damage during AP by restoring the fine structure of acinar cells and tissue; therefore, we conclude that SJS may have beneficial effects in the treatment of caerulein-induced AP.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.68-72
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• 2007

An 8-year-old, male Shih-tzu dog with clinical signs of hemorrhage from penile orifice and pain on lifting hindlimb was brought to the Veterinary Medicine Teaching Hospital, Chungnam National University. The patient was shown polyuria/polydipsia (PU/PD), more than 10 times per day, and gasterointestinal signs such as intermittent vomiting and melena. On laboratory examination, BUN, creatinine and amylase level were all highly increased. Radiographic and ultrasonographic findings included that both kidneys were abnormal, and both prostates were hyperplastic bilaterally and cysts were presented in parenchyma. Additionally, hyperechoic pancreas and intact urinary bladder were observed from ultrasonographic examination. The dog was diagnosed as pancreatitis, acute renal failure and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). After the appropriate treatment for pancreatitis and acute renal failure, He dog was treated with administration of azasteroid for BPH. On day 71 after azasteroid treatment, good response to the treatment was defined by ultrasonography and clinical signs cured completely.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.59 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 2019

In canine acute pancreatitis (AP), inappropriate release and activation of zymogen proteases within the pancreas results in the consumption of serum antiproteases. The aim of this study was to examine whether the serum concentrations of ${\alpha}_2$-macroglobulin (A2MG), ${\alpha}_1$-antitrypsin (A1AT), and C-reactive protein (CRP) differ between dogs with AP and healthy dogs. Twenty healthy dogs and 20 dogs with AP were included in this study. Concentrations of A2MG, A1AT, and CRP were measured in the sera of healthy dogs and dogs diagnosed with AP. Serum A2MG and A1AT concentrations were significantly lower in dogs with AP than in healthy dogs, whereas the serum CRP concentration was significantly higher. In addition, the concentrations of A2MG and A1AT were significantly higher in AP survivors than in AP non-survivors, while the CRP concentration was significantly lower. However, in both AP survivors and non-survivors, the CRP concentrations showed a negative correlation with A2MG concentrations but not with A1AT. These findings indicate that serum antiproteases and CRP concentrations might be associated with the mortality rate of AP in dogs.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.52 no.11
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• pp.1283-1285
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• 2009

Macroamylasemia is a benign condition characterized by abnormally large-sized serum amylase; it has been reported to occur in 1-2% of the population. In macroamylasemia, a macromolecular complex consisting of amylase linked to immunoglobulins circulates in the plasma and usually causes hyperamylasemia with low or normal amylasuria. Macroamylasemia is extremely rare in children. We report a case of a 4-year-old girl with abdominal pain and macroamylasemia, who was initially misdiagnosed as having acute pancreatitis. Failure to immediately identify macroamylase as the cause of the unexplained but benign hyperamylasemia can lead to the misdiagnosis of the condition, necessitating costly analyses for ruling out pancreatic disease and unnecessary prescriptions such as fasting and intravenous replacement therapies, as was observed in our patient.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.522-528
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• 2007

A 3-year-old male Maltese dog(weighing 2.5 kg) was referred with an excessive movement of mandible and depression. Comprehensive diagnostic investigation revealed an end-stage of renal disease with secondary hyperparathyroidism. The renal allograft was performed after the condition of dog was stabilized by hemodialysis and medical treatment. After transplantation, the renal function of this dog was returned to normal. thereafter, the dog died suddenly without apparent clinical signs. The subsequent pathological studies revealed the actual etiology of death was not clearly identified However acute pancreatitis caused by abrupt introduction of food after prolonged luting might be involved in the etiology. This case study showed the necessity of pancreatic function test in postoperative management after renal transplantation.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.35-45
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• 2012

Objectives : This study was designed to investigate Effects of Sujeom powder(SJP) pharmacopuncture Injected at Jung-wan($CV_{12}$) in rats with caerulein-induced acute pancreatitis(AP). Methods : We examined changes of organ weight, histology, immunohistochemistry and gene expression of cycolooxygenase 2(COX-2) in the pancreas. Twenty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups as follow: normal(Nor), caerulein-induced(Con), caerulein+SJP pharmacopuncture 0.2mL injected at Jung-wan($CV_{12}$)(SA), and caerulein+SJP pharmacopuncture 0.8 mL injected at Jung-wan($CV_{12}$)(SB) groups. Pancreatic tissues of rats from all groups were removed for histological observation and light microscopic examination. Interleukin-6(IL-6) levels were determined spectrophotometrically. Results : The ratio of pancreas/body weights was significantly(p<0.05) increased in the Con, the SA and the SB compared with the Nor, but was slightly decreased in the SA and in the SB groups compared with the Con. Caerulein administration has significantly(p<0.05) increased in the levels of amylase, but the SA, the SB significantly(p<0.05) decreased in the levels of these enzyme. The levels of amylase were increased significantly with caerulein administration, but were inhibited significantly in the SA and in the SB groups. Interleukin-6(IL-6) levels were significantly(p<005) increased in all groups compared with the Nor, especially in the SB. were significantly increased. The levels of Tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-${\alpha}$ levels were significantly increased in all groups compared with the Nor. In the conclusion, the datum of IL-6 and TNF-${\alpha}$ are suggested that the inflamation was still existed actively at a point of measurement(24 hours later). The COX-2 positive materials are observed in the pancreas from the Con, but these positive materials are decreased in the SJP pharmacopuncture at Jung-wan($CV_{12}$) treatment group. Conclusion : SJP pharmacopuncture injected at Jung-wan($CV_{12}$) is potentially capable of limiting pancreatic damage during AP by restoring the fine structure of acinar cells and tissues. Therefore we can say that SJP pharmacopuncture Injected at Jung-wan($CV_{12}$) may have beneficial effects in the treatment of caerulein-induded AP. Further studies about the adequate amount of the SJP pharmacopuncture and about more effective route of administration is still required.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.478-480
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• 2017

A Cocker spaniel (7-year-old, female) was presented with one week of anorexia, halitosis, oral ulcer, intermittent vomiting, acute weight loss and 3-day history of oliguria. The patient was diagnosed with acute on chronic kidney disease and pancreatitis. Hemodialysis was continued three times a week (total 7 sessions) with improved clinical signs and kidney panel, but presented with another episode of abdominal distention, respiratory distress, and large bowel diarrhea. Echocardiography revealed nearly totally occlusive thrombus in the cranial vena cava, as well as a right atrial mass of approximately $2cm{\times}1cm$. The patient was treated with catheter removal, thrombolysis and anticoagulation therapy with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator. During anticoagulation therapy, size of atrial thrombus was not changed and heart function was not improved after treatment. Since clinical signs were deteriorated, the patient was euthanized by owner's request. Catheter-related giant thrombus in right atrium is a rare complication and treatment guideline for atrial thrombus does not exist. This case is first report of hemodialysis catheter-induced thrombus in Korea.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.122-127
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• 2021

C1q nephropathy is a rare glomerulopathy that typically presents with nephrotic syndrome in children. Treatment with immunosuppressive agents renders patients vulnerable to infection and its complications. Gastroenteritis is common in children, and rotavirus is a leading cause. Extraintestinal manifestations of rotavirus have recently been reported; however, there is a paucity of cases exploring the involvement of a rotavirus on the respiratory system. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a rapid onset respiratory failure characterized by noncardiogenic pulmonary edema and hypoxemia. Causes of ARDS include sepsis, pneumonia, pancreatitis, aspiration, and trauma. In this paper, we report a case of ARDS after rotavirus infection in a child with C1q nephropathy who had been treated with immunosuppressive agents.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.147-153
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• 2019

Objectives: Many studies have been reported the efficacy of intravenous lipid emulsion (ILE) as an antidote on acute lipophilic drug toxicity. Clozapine, highly lipophilic dibenzodiazepine neuroleptics, is an important medication in the schizophrenia therapy regimen. Acute intoxication with antipsychotics is one of the main reasons for the referral of poisoned patients to the hospital. We expected that ILE could be used for the therapy of acute clozapine intoxicated patients. Methods: We used two groups of consisting of six male rats. Both groups received a toxic dose of clozapine (40 mg/kg) intravenously, via the tail vein. After 15 minutes, they were treated with intravenous infusion of 18.6 mg/kg normal saline (NS group), or 18.6 mg/kg ILE 20% (ILE group). We evaluated blood pressure (BP) and heart rate by power lab apparatus through the tail artery, ataxia by a rat rotary circle, seizure scores and death in multiple times after starting clozapine administration. For biochemical and pathological evaluations the samples of tissue and blood were taken. Results: Our results demonstrated that ILE 20% could return hypotension-induced clozapine better than normal saline. Furthermore, ataxia and seizure have rectified more rapidly and deaths reduced. Clozapine administration causes pancreatitis and lung injury but fat emulsion did not show an optimal effect on tissue damages caused by clozapine toxicity. Conclusion: In conclusion, ILE can remove toxic signs of clozapine same as other lipophilic medicines, however, clinical uses of ILE for this intention requires more appraisement to determine the precise implication and safety.