• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.17 no.12
• /
• pp.63-70
• /
• 2019

Purpose: This study was to propose effective deployment of automatic external defibrillators (AEDs) installed at general supermarkets. Research design, data, and methodology : We conducted interview and data surveys on 72 large distributors in Seoul and Gyeonggi province in South Korea. The content of this survey was consisted of general status on the general supermarkets, AED deployment and management regarding public access defibrillation (PAD). G^⁎Power (v 3.1.9.4; Universität Kiel, Kiel, Germany) was also used to analyze statistical power. Radius and actual distance, radius and retrieval time were compared by t-test at α=.05. respectively. Results : Difference between the radius (102.7 meters) and the actual distance (187.8 meters) was 85.1m, it had statistically significant difference (p<.001). The actual distance was longer compared to the radius distance. Difference between the radius (114.1 seconds) and the retrieval time (208.7 seconds) was 94.6s, it had statistically significant difference (p<.001). The retrieval time took longer compared to the radius time as well. Conclusions : The finding shows that only 45.9% of the general supermarkets are satisfied with the actual AED coverage within 3 minutes. This needs to enhance AED deployment to reduce defibrillation time and AED management to boost application in South Korea.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2022

In this study, inaccurate RSSI values of beacons are corrected using extended Kalman filter. For the experiment, the beacon was manufactured using Arduino Uno board and HM-10 Bluetooth module. RSSI values according to the distance between beacon and the viewer were measured at intervals of 1m, 1.5m, 2m, 2.5m, 3m, 3.5m, 4m, 4.5m, and 5m. To remove the irregular signal pattern of the beacon, the extended Kalman filter was applied to obtain the average and standard deviation of the actual distance and the measured distance, and it was confirmed that more than 76.6% of the irregular signal pattern was removed after using the extended Kalman filter.In addition, through the smartphone app, it was confirmed that the distance accuracy between the beacon and the measurer was less than the actual distance and the measured distance within 2m, and the standard deviation was small.

• Knowledge Management Research
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.163-178
• /
• 2017

Recent advances in technology are evolving to enable individuals to perform various activities necessary for their lives, without being constrained by physical, temporal, and spatial constraints. The online services and experiences that originated from solving the discomfort in the actual offline space have created the newness that can only be experienced in the digital world and furthermore uniquely new experiences in actual space as well. While many previous studies have suggested several interpretations of unique individual behaviors in virtual environments, a recent research approaches virtuality as an interesting perspective of the change of thinking style. Virtuality is defined as how far apart we are from everyday reality, and if the individual faces a situation far from reality, the psychological distance of the individual becomes distant and ultimately leads to the thinking style of high construal level. Otherwise, it is said to have a relatively low construal level of thinking style. In this study, I try to confirm the virtual distance as the role of psychological distance in new virtual contexts. Simultaneously considering temporal distance, which are most used in psychological distance, and virtual distance based on virtuality, this study tries to find whether the effect of virtual distance on product attitude is the same as that of temporal distance and check the relationship between virtual distance and temporal distance in the context of consumers' product evaluations depending on product information type.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
• /
• 1995.10a
• /
• pp.747-750
• /
• 1995

As railway trains run faster high performance braking system are necessary because more energy needs to be dissipated due to increased kinetic energy. In this work a portable computer based prediction system for emergency braking distance has been developed. The algorithm for the system is based on braking theory and empirical results of actual braking test. The computer is connected to the sensors to measure the velocity and the braking pressure in real train. It is expected that this system will be utilized to predict emergency braking distance during actual operation of the train

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry, and Cartography Conference
• /
• 2004.11a
• /
• pp.233-238
• /
• 2004

In this study, speed survey has been conducted on Pusan Freeway to identify actual running speed. therefore, suggest that Highway Design Regulations and Highway Design Standard from Ministry of Construction and Transportation, which requires stopping sight distance for 20% less speed when rainy condition in accordance with Highway Safety Act, is not coincident with driver's characteristics. Consequently, it is prudent to compute stopping sight distance with 85th percentile running speed, considering driver's actual behavior and mountainous terrain.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
• /
• v.28 no.5
• /
• pp.71-77
• /
• 2013

This Study aims at investigating actual condition on attending school road of children and analyzing empirically the characteristics of cognition and the influence of safety on school road. This study findings are as follows : 1) Walking alone to go to school is the highest rates among Commuting Mode, and Commuting distance to school is nearly doubles than range of school zone(300 m). 2) Among characteristics of urban spatial structure affecting on influence classify safety of school road, 'Commuting Distance' has been drawn to most influential variable. Especially, there are 4 types classified by commuting distance and it became obvious that the longer the distance, the lower the safety score(under 127 m=76.9 points, Over 451 m=58.3 points). 3) As a result of investigating the influence of Safety on attending school road, Vehicle commuting speed urder 127 m as internal of school zone, and Walking and crossing convenience over 451 m as external of school zone have a lot of influence on safety cognition on school road. Therefore Safety on school road should be considering the commuting distance to school among surrounding characteristics, needed for improvement plan and program based on real safety cognition of children.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
• /
• v.30 no.6
• /
• pp.139-147
• /
• 2015

This study deals with actual commuting distance and influence of risk factors depending on commuting distance and mode in order to reestablish actual commuting zone of primary school students. Data mining analysis(CHAID) was applied for this reestablishment using survey results from 6,927 primary school students in Seoul Metro. Six risk factors; convenience level of commuting path condition, convenience level of road crossing condition, vehicle speed on commuting path, segregation level between commuter and vehicle, congestion level of commuting path, and public security level and two mode; walking and cycle are considered in the analysis. As the results of CHAID analysis, commuting distance was divided into four zones; Internal Zone(0.491km under), External Zone(0.492 ~ 1.492km, 1.493 ~ 2.699km), Commutable Zone(2.70km over), and awareness level on safety is declined as commuting distance is increased. The risk factor affecting on safety is recognized differently by students depending on commuting distance and mode. For students commuting by walking, vehicle speed on commuting path and convenience level of commuting path condition are recognized as the prime risk factor within Internal Zone and Commutable Zone, respectively. For students commuting by cycle, convenience level of road crossing condition and vehicle speed on commuting path are recognized as the prime risk factor within Commutable Zone. Analysis results show that improved plan and program for commuting path for primary school students are required considering actual commuting distance and method.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
• /
• v.29 no.7
• /
• pp.595-601
• /
• 2005

The IMO manoeuvrability standard was established for preventing sea accidents such as collisions and strandings due to the lack of manoeuvrability. The standard of ship manoeuvrability enforced by resolution MSC.l37(76) has been applied to vessels of 100m or more in length and all chemical tankers and gas carriers regardless of the length, which were constructed on or after 1 July 1994. The IMO manoeuvrability standard is able to be divided into three kinds as followings; (1) Turning capability standard: Estimated values in design stage are to be certified by turning circle test of the actual vessel. (2) Course keeping quality standard : Estimated values in design stage are to be certified by 10 deg. and 20 deg. zig-zag tests of the actual vessel. (3) Shortest stopping distance standard : Estimated value in design stage is to be certified by the shortest stopping distance tested by the actual vessel. In this paper, the authors verified the criteria of IMO manoeuvrability standard comparing them with the values resulted from sea trial tests of various kinds of actual vessels and examined separately the validity of all criteria of the standard.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
• /
• 2005.11a
• /
• pp.27-33
• /
• 2005

The IMO manoeuvrability standard was established for preventing sea accidents such as collisions and strandings due to the lack of manoeuvrability. The standard of ship manoeuvrability enforced by resolution MSC.137(76) has been applied to vessels of 100m or more in length and all chemical tankers and gas carriers regardless of the length, which were constructed on or after 1 July 1994. The IMO manoeuvrability standard is able to be divided into three kinds as followings; (1) Turning capability standard: Estimated values in design stage are to be certified by turning cir치e test q the actual vessel (2) Course keeping quality standard: Estimated values in design stage are to be certified by 10 deg. and 20 deg. zig-zag tests of the actual vessel. (3) Shortest stopping distance standard: Estimated value in design stage is to be certified by the shortest stopping distance tested by the actual vessel. In this paper, the authors verified the criteria of IMO manoeuvrability standard comparing them with the values resulted from sea trial tests of various kinds q actual vessels and examined separately the validity of all criteria of the standard.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
• /
• 2022.06a
• /
• pp.1085-1092
• /
• 2022

Travel distance is a parameter mainly used in the objective function of Construction Site Layout Planning (CSLP) automation models. To obtain travel distance, common approaches, such as linear distance, shortest-distance algorithm, visibility graph, and access road path, concentrate only on identifying the shortest path. However, humans do not necessarily follow one shortest path but can choose a safer and more comfortable path according to their situation within a reasonable range. Thus, paths generated by these approaches may be different from the actual paths of the workers, which may cause a decrease in the reliability of the optimized construction site layout. To solve this problem, this paper adopts reinforcement learning (RL) inspired by various concepts of cognitive science and behavioral psychology to generate a realistic path that mimics the decision-making and behavioral processes of wayfinding of workers on the construction site. To do so, in this paper, the collection of human wayfinding tendencies and the characteristics of the walking environment of construction sites are investigated and the importance of taking these into account in simulating the actual path of workers is emphasized. Furthermore, a simulation developed by mapping the identified tendencies to the reward design shows that the RL agent behaves like a real construction worker. Based on the research findings, some opportunities and challenges were proposed. This study contributes to simulating the potential path of workers based on deep RL, which can be utilized to calculate the travel distance of CSLP automation models, contributing to providing more reliable solutions.