• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.15 no.2 s.69
• /
• pp.215-219
• /
• 2005

Gamgung-tang (GGT) that is included in Gamdu-tang (consists of Glycyrrhizae Radix, black beans) and Gunggui-tang(consists of Angelicae Radix and Cnidii Rhizoma) showed therapeutic effect of autoimmume thyroiditis in the previous reports. GGT was tested for the safety using Ames and umu gene expression mutagenicity tests. In Ames test, Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100 were used to identify mutagenic property, and the number of histidine revertants was measured. In SOS umu test, Salmonella typhimurium TA1535 containing plasmid pSK1002 was used as a test strain, and we monitored the levels of umu operon expression by measuring the $\beta-galactosidase$ activity. Mutagenic activity in any assays we tested was not found. After treating S-9 mixture with GGT, mutagenic activity was also not found. The results of this study suggested that there was no DNA damage and mutagenicity of GGT.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.36-44
• /
• 2015

The Activity Based Costing(ABC) means the process that makes clear how the actions and input resources have changed into service to calculate medical services costs. These days, the number of hospital which is using the ABC system is increasing to make their policy decision making efficient and run the hospitals more resonable. This study analyzes the unbalance in the level of health insurance service fee and the improvement plans based from 8 hospitals(ABC system) and 95 clinics(ABC survey). The cost recovery ratio has shown different levels according to each service type. A surgery service type recorded 76.8% and an evaluation & management service type is 84.6%, a treatment procedure type(85.8%), a function test type(91.6%) and health insurance fee even did not reach to the original cost. Meanwhile, a laboratory test type and imaging test type show high level of cost recovery ratio. they recorded 188.3% and 158.8%. Resultingly now of unbalance in the level of health insurance service fee accelerates supply of every test. so there is a need to make laboratory test type and imaging test type lower to keep balance with the surgery and medical service. These methods should be performed gradually with monitoring the unbalance fee ratio and for this, a panel medical institution have to be established for generalizations of studying result, fairness of selecting researching sample.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.16-24
• /
• 2007

Voice activity detectors (VADs) are important in wireless communication and speech signal processing. In the conventional VAD methods. an expression for the likelihood ratio test (LRT) based on statistical models is derived. Then, speech or noise is decided by comparing the value of the expression with a threshold. We propose a new method with the modified decision rule based on the Gaussian distribution and the uniformly most power (UMP) test. This method requires the distribution of the absolute value of the incoming speech signal. Then we can obtain the final decision through the relation between the Rayleigh distributions. This VAD method can detect speech without a priori signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) which is required in the conventional VAD algorithms. Additionally, in the various VAD performance tests, the proposed VAD method is shown to be more effective than the traditional scheme.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.261-276
• /
• 1993

The purpose of this study was to evaluate for the cytotoxicity of glass-ionomer cement liners(GC liningcement, Ketac-bond, Vitrebond and Fuji lining LC) on the fibroblasts cultured from human pulp. The fibroblasts were cultured in DMEM-10% FBS medium. The measurement of pH, succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity test and $^{51}Chromium$ release test were performed. Viable cell count and $^{14}C$-leucine incorporation rate were evaluated following culture time of 2, 4 and 6 days. The results of this study were as follows : 1. The pH in all cements was to be neutralized as time elapsed, and Fuji lining LC was the lowest pH value among them. 2. SDH activity was more inhibited in GC lining cement and Vitrebond than Ketac-bond and Fuji lining LC with the setting process, and GC lining cement and Ketac-bond were reduced after 5 minute's setting and then elevated as time elapsed. 3. In SDH activity test following exposure time, the activity in Vitrebond, GC lining cement and Fuji lining LC was inhibited with increased exposure time, but it was fairly constant in Ketac-bond. 4. Overall the liquid component was more inhibited than the powder component of glass-ionomer cement in SDH activity test. 5. In $^{51}Cr$-release test, Fuji lining LC was the most released of all the cements tested and followed by : Vitrebond, Ketac-bond, GC lining cement. 6. In viable cell count, the number of cells increased as the culture day proceeded in Ketac-bond, but they decreased in GC lining cement. Fuji lining LC was only observed after 2 days culture and there was not observed the whole culture days in Vitrebond. 7. In $^{14}C$-leucine incorporation rate test, protein synthesis was decreased with the number of culture days in GC lining cement, Vitrebond and Fuji lining LC, but it was followed that of control in Ketacbond.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.27 no.6
• /
• pp.847-852
• /
• 2013

The aim of this study was to investigate the difference of electrodermal activity between the hypertensive and non-hypertensive subjects. A total 161 subjects who visited a hospital for health check ups from August 2011 through November 2011 and from September 2012 through November 2012 were included in this study. We divided the subjects into two groups by blood pressure, hypertension group(81 patients) and non-hypertension group(180 subject). Then we compared electrodermal activity between two groups by using the autonomic bioelectric response device model CP-6000A. The data was analyzed by independent t-test and logistic regression. In this study, there was a significant difference in electrodermal activity(the mean absolute value of positive, negative pulse conductivity) between hypertensive and normotensive group in t-test and electrodermal activity showed the significant influence on the prevalence risk of hypertension with age, body mass index and dyslipidema in binominal logistic regression. In conclusion, hypertensive patients had high level of electrodermal activity compared with normotensive subjects and this finding suggests that electrodermal activity which is explained excess tendency in Korean traditional medicine could be used for diagnosis in hypertension patients at Korean traditional medical clinic.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.425-431
• /
• 2015

The objective of this study was to effect of Tai Chi on balance and muscle activity of ankle joints with USN sensor in elderly people. Thirty six elderly participated and randomly assigned to a experimental group with Tai Chi and control group. The experimental group trained using a Tai Chi through 3 times per a week over 6 weeks. For all subjects, their balance such as functional reach test and one leg stance test, the change of muscle activity of ankle joints with USN sensor wireless-electromyogram during leg closed stance with eye closed were measured, and the results were as followed. The results were of a signigicant changes to the balance in group and between group as well. Comparison of muscle activity left tibialis anterior and left gastrocnemius in group, there were significant difference. Comparison of muscle activity right tibialis anterior and right gastrocnemius in group, there were significant difference. Comparison of muscle activity between groups, there was significant difference. Additional results indicated that, elderly people who received Tai Chi in one study, improve balance control and muscle activity ankle joint. so it is anticipated that improvement in clinical utilization for the elderly who's gait ability and balance ability reduced.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.109-113
• /
• 2006

Objectives : In this study, anti-oxidant activity of Taraxacum platycarpum is confirmed to investigate cosmeceutical activity for utilization as a cosmetic ingredients. Methods : In the anti-oxidant and whitening effect experiment, the electron donating ability of Taraxacum platycarpum extracts, their SOD-like activity, and the inhibitory activity of xanthine oxidase, tyrosinase were examined. Results : Radical-scavenging activity of water and ethanol extract was examined using ${\alpha},{\alpha}-diphenyl-{\beta}-picrylhydrazyl$ (DPPH). Water and ethanol extract from Taraxacum platycarpum showed 62.9% and 54.7% at 500 ppm concentration in DPPH radical inhibition, respectively. In the test of superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity, water extract showed 63.4% at 1,000 ppm concentration, while ethanol extract showed 49% at 1,000 ppm concentration. In the test of xanthine oxidase inhibition, ethanol extract showed 66.8% at 1,000 ppm concentration. Tyrosinase inhibition effect related to whitening effect showed 36.3% and 54.2% in ethanol extract and water extract at 1,000 ppm concentration, respectively. Conclusion : According to these results, it is possible that the extract of Taraxacum platycarpum can be used as a new natural material of cosmetic industry.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
• /
• v.9 no.9
• /
• pp.379-388
• /
• 2018

The Purpose of this study was to identify the factors affecting patient safety management activity targeted nursing student and to provide basic data for patient safety in nursing education and to develop education program improving students' patient safety management activity. The participants of this study were 358 nursing students in a region and collected data by self-reported questionnaire. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, correlation analysis, stepwise multiple regression analysis. As a resutls, Significant positive correlations were found between patient safety competency, performance confidence, coping and patient safety management activity for nursing students. Patient safety competency, performance confidence were significant factors related to patient safety management activity but coping was not found to directly affect patient safety management activity. Thus, we propose to develop a education intervention program that considers patient safety competency, performance confidence in order to improve patient safety management activity of nursing students.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
• /
• v.16 no.6
• /
• pp.427-433
• /
• 2008

This study was performed to investigate antioxidant activities and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity according to parts of the Acer mono and A. okamotoanum. Most extracts showed high scavenging activities on DPPH. Especially, the bark of A. okamotoanum showed higher activity as 98.4% than the control, BHA as 96.5%. A. mono and A. okamotoanum showed high ability on nitrite scavenging, but decreasing tendency according to decreasing of pH. On SOD-like test, the wood of A. okamotoanum showed highest activity as 35.4% at 1.0mg/ml concentration. Also, the extracts obtained high activity on GST test. Therefore, the water extracts from the bark of A. mono and A. okamotoanum have relatively good antioxidant activity and GST activity. Especially, the bark of A. okamotoanum showed the highest activity on all of extracts, could be the use of functional foods and biomaterials.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
• /
• v.33 no.1
• /
• pp.15-25
• /
• 2014

Objective: This study aims to analyze the factors that affect the ability to maintain dynamic sitting balance (DSB), biomechanical characteristics, and physical characteristics in spinal cord injuries (SCI) patients. Background: Virtual ski training systems, ski equipment, and training protocols for disabled skiers are being studied to spread awareness. However, few studies have been reported on the sitting balance ability associated with chair mono skiing. Method: A dynamic sitting balance border system was built to investigate the ability to maintain dynamic sitting balance in SCI patients. Trunk muscle activity was evaluated by electromyogram while conducting dynamic sitting balance tests. The trunk muscle strength was tested with a portable handheld dynamometer. Physical activity scores were measured with the physical activity recall assessment. Results: There were high levels of correlation between the ability to maintain DSB and trunk flexor strength, extensor strength, rotator strength, and physical activity score. However, height, weight, and injury level in SCI patients were not correlated with the ability to maintain DSB. Additionally, strong negative correlations were found between muscle activities of the external oblique and lumbar erector spinae muscles and the ability to perform the backward tilt test. Trunk extensor muscle activity during the ball lifting test was significantly higher than in other tests. Conclusion: The results indicate that improving trunk muscle strength and physical activity can increase the ability to maintain DSB. Application: The findings of a close relationship between trunk strength, physical activity, and the ability to maintain DSB need to be reflected in the chair mono ski training program.