• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.137-144
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• 1999

Torilin was isolated from haxane fraction of Torilis Fructus extract. Torilin produced inhibition of the acetic acid-induced and phenylquinone-induced writhing syndrome at the oral doses of 30 and 90 mg/kg in mice. It also increased the pain threshold at the oral doses of 30, 90 and 270 mg/kg in the tail pressure method and the Randall-Selitto method. However, it did not show a hypothermic action at the oral doses of 30 and 90 mg/kg in mice. The compound exhibited strong anticarrageenan activity at the oral doses of 90 and 270 mg/kg in rats, and had inhibitory effect on the vascular permeability at the oral doses of 30 and 90 mg/kg in mice. It also showed potent inhibition of leucocyte emigration in CMC-pouch at the doses of 3 and 9 mg/rat, sc. The acute toxicity of torilin was very weak: the $LD_{50}$ values were more than 5000 mg/kg, po and 2000 mg/kg, ip in mice. From the above mentioned results, it was suggested that torilin had potent analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.97-103
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• 2008

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of an anti-inflammatory and analgesic action of the glucosamine HCl (Glucosamine) and SH-1 (Glucosamine + Oriental herbal composition combined group). Male sprague-Dawley rats $(200{\sim}250g)$ and ICR mice $(20{\sim}30g)$ were randomized and these experimental groups were divided into 4 groups. Two control group were given as negative control (saline) and positive control (Ibuprofen, 100 mg/kg) and two groups given as oral administration of Glucosamine (320 m/kg) and SH-1. Carrageenan induced paw edema test, hot plate method, croton oil induced granuloma, capillary permeability test and acetic acid writhing syndrome were also shown to be comparable in the SH-1 group to anti-inflammatory drug group such as positive control group (Ibuprofen). Although further studies should be performed to confirm the effects of SH-1, present results suggest that the combined administration of SH-1 have potential action in anti-inflammatory and analgesic action. It could be applicable for the improvement of arthritic symptoms as a new diet-supplement.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.171-176
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• 2003

In the study of general pharmacological action, we tested effect on spontaneous momentum, phenobarbital sleeping times, secretion of gastric juice, body temperature and movement of small intestine, etc. Using Pleurospermum kamtschaticum, Angelica tenuissima, Angelica gigas and Zanthoxylum schinifolium as samples to estimate adverse effects. In the study of general pharmacological action to estimate adverse effects, we observed no side effects of sample-treated groups against the control group.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.12-17
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• 1985

The extract of Mawhang-tang showed considerable inhibition of 70.7 and 57.2% at oral doses of 200 and 400mg/kg, respectively, on carrageenin edema in rat paw. In case of combined oral administration of the extract at each dose of 100, 200 and 400mg/kg with 100mg/kg of aspirin, the inhibition percentages were 78.2, 87.2 and 72.5%, respectively. The combined oral administration of 200mg/kg of the extract with 200mg/kg of aspirin exhibited 87.6% inhibition of the edema. On the writhing syndrome induced by 0.7% acetic acid solution, the oral administration of 200mg/kg of the extract with 200mg/kg of aspirin showed remarkable inhibition of 90.3%. In the inhibitory effect of the leakage of dye into peritoneal cavity were shown to be 51.9, 56.6 and 58.1% at the combined administration of the extract at the doses of 100, 200 and 400mg/kg with 100mg/kg of aspirin, respectively.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.406-411
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• 1998

The pre-mixed $_{13}C$-urea powder preparation in ${Helikit}_{TM}$ for test of Helicobacter pylori was evaluated for pharmacological properties. The oral doses of the preparation used in mice were 30-fold as compared to human doses. The results obtained in the present study demonstrate that spontaneous movement, hexobarbital-induced hypnosis, rotarod performance, body temperature, acetic acid-induced writhing syndrome, chemical and electroshock convulsion, pupil size and intestinal propulsion had not been affected at the oral doses of 230, 700 and 2100 mg/kg in mice. The blood pressure was slightly elevated as given intravenously in rats at a dose of 5 mg/kg of the preparation, but respiration was not influenced at the dose. In isolated guinea pig ileum and rat fundus preparation, the preparation at a concentration of $1{\times}10^{4}$ g/ml neither caused any direct effect nor inhibited the contraction produced by acetylcholine, histamine or 5-hydroxytryptamine. These results reported here provide evidence that pre-mixed $^{13}C$ 13/C-urea powder preparation is free of general pharmacological properties performed in oral administration.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.175-178
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• 2004

Rutaecarpine is one of quinazolinocarboline alkaloids found in Evodia rutaecarpa, a Rutaceous plant and it has shown various biological effects including antiinflammation. However, the effect of rutaecarpine on nervous system was not reported yet. In this study we investigated the general pharmacology of rutaecalpine on the central nervous system. Rutaecapine (4O and 400 mg/kg) did not change chemoshock induced by pentylenetetrazole. However, oral administration of rutaecarpine altered motor coordination examined by rotarod test, pentobarbital-induced sleeping time and acetic acid-induced writhing syndrome in mice at the doses of 40 and 400 mg/kg. Rutaecarpine also induced hypothermia in mice at both doses. The results suggest that rutaecapine possesses neuromodulating activities on central nervous system in addition to the various biological effects on the Periphery.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.184-193
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• 2000

To evaluate GC-rhEPO, human erythropoietin produced by recombinant DNA technique, its general pharmacological properties were investigated in experimental animals administering intravenously and in vitro test system. GC-rhEPO at doses of 70,700 and 7,000 IU/kg body weight had no influence on general behavior, spontaneous motor activity, thiopental-inducted sleeping time, writhing syndrome induced by acetic acid, strychnine-induced convulsions, charchoal meal propulsion in mice, and body temperature, gastric juice secretion, urine and electrolyte excretion in rats. In anesthetized rabbits, GC-rhEPO (70, 700 and 7,000 lU/kg, i.v.) did not alter respiratory rate, blood pressure, heat rate. In in vitro experiments, GC-rhEPO did not affect the contractions of the isolated ileum of guinea pigs and the muscle twitchs of isolated neuromuscular junction of the rats. In addition, GC-rhEPO did not affect the blood coagulation time and ADP-induced platelet aggregation in plasma of rabbits. Taken together, these results indicate that GC-rhEPO does not induce any adverse effects in the experimental animals.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.1604-1609
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• 2005

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of Bopaewon-tang (BT) on allergic reaction. In the present study, we examined the effect of BT on type 1 and type tV allergic reaction. BT (500 mg/kg) did not affect the systemic anaphylaxis induced by compound 48180 and the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis induced by anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP)-IgE and DNP-human serum albumin in vivo. Also, BT did not affect the release of histamine from peritoneal mast cells in rats. In addition, BT did not affect the permeability of evans blue into peritoneal cavity, but inhibited the writhing syndrome induced by acetic acid. BT inhibited the delayed type hypersensitivity induced by SRBC and the contact dermatitis induced by dinitrofluorobenzene. These results indicate that BT may be useful for the prevention and treatment of type IV allergy related disease.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.37-44
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• 2012

Objectives : The present study was undertaken to determine whether the ethanol extact of Citri Pericarpium (CP, Pericarp of Citrus unshiu Markovich, Rutaceae) is effective against atopic dermatitis according to it's storage period. Methods : To evaluate antiallergic effect of CP and OCP (Old Citri Pericarpium) evaluated in vivo their inhibitory effects against passive cutaenous anaphylaxis (PCA) reaction induced by IgE-antigen complex and scratching behaviors by compound 48/80. The Anti-atopic effects were measured by contact dermatitis, prurient animal model and PCA reaction. Contact dermatitis in mice as a model of the Type IV reaction caused by Oxazolone. Results : The results showed that anti-pruritus effects, analgesic effects of CP was depends on its hesperetin contents. And It also showed that keep longer in storage appeared to be higher in hesperetin contents. Both CP and OCP(Old CP) have a dose-dependent analgesic action in acetic acid induced writhing syndrome. OCP Potently inhibited PCA reaction in mice, although OCP weakly inhibited in long term contact dermatitis model in mice. Conclusions : These results suggest that the Proportional to the storage period, Citri Pericarpium possesses analgesic effects and anti-allergic effects.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.360-367
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• 1991

Effect of Mylabris sidae(MS) and Epicauta gorhami(EG) polysaccharide fractions on the inflammation and immune responses were studied in vivo. MS and EG contained cantharidin about 0.61 and 0.65%, respectively. It was shown that MS and EG polysaccharide fractions at a oral dose of 100 mg/kg have the significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity; They inhibited significantly the carrageenin-induced inflammation and acetic acid-induced writhing syndrome. They accelerated significantly the carbon clearance and the phagocytosis of colloidal carbons by Kupffer cells in liver, but they at a oral dose of 100 mg/kg suppressed significantly the Arthus reaction in the sheep red blood cell(S-RBC)-sensitized mice in accordance with the inhibition of haemaglutinin titer, haemolysin titer and plaque-forming cells. On the other hand, they at a oral dose of 200 mg/kg accelerated slightly the oxazolone-induced dermatitis in rats and delayed hypersensitivity in the S-RBC-challenzed mice in consistent with the increase of rosette forming cells. As the above results, it exhibited that MS and EG polysaccharide fractions inhibited the humoral immune responses, but they accelerated the function of macrophages and cellular immune responses. EG polysaccharide fraction had more active than MS polysaccharide fraction.