• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 1998.05a
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• pp.361-368
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• 1998

Described in this paper is the result of a study on collision analysis of TGV-K using 1-dimensional model for crashworthy design. Crashworthy design of the front end is very important because majority of the impact energy (more than 70%) is absorbed by the crush of the front end when the train is collided with an obstacle like a tank lorry. Guideline for the crashworthy design can be described from the collision analysis of the whole train using a 1-dimensional model. Since the headstock of TGV-K is not designed in a crashworthy point of view, a conceptual design of the headstock to improve crashworthiness is suggested and evaluated using 1-dimensional collision analysis. The suggested design, which adopts an energy absorber and a crashworthy headstock, shows a good behaviour on the accident scenario of SNCF (collision at 110 km/hr against a movable rigid mass of 15 ton).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.132-136
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• 2013

Even though most of domestic corporations are doing various activities to reduce disasters, it is true that those are actually limited to some parts of business or the formalities in order to obtain specific certificates. For that reason, this writer study a efficient utilization of a guideline about accident provision and business continuity management for less disasters of companies, prevent interruption of critical mission. In short, it is required to operate an effective disaster recovery system and safety management system integrated by a mutual recognition on the relevant parts and different parts. And there is a need to establish a integrated recovery center in order to manage disaster recovery system realistic and effective.

• Korean Journal of Hazardous Materials
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.59-64
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• 2015

Semiconductor industry has large number of chemical inventory and is easily exposed to chemical release incidents. Toxic release is one of the most interested area in evaluating consequence to the vicinity of industry facilities handling hazardous materials. Hydrofluoric acid is one of the typical chemical used in semiconductor facility and is selected and toxic release is evaluated to assess the risk impacted to its off-site. Accident scenarios were listed using process safety information. The scenarios having effect to the off-site were selected and assessed further according to guideline provided by Korea government. Worst case and alternative scenarios including other interested scenarios were evaluated using ALOHA. Each evaluated scenario was assessed further considering countermeasures. The results showed that the facility handling hydroflooric acid is safe enough and needed no further protections at the moment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.335-336
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• 2023

The military has adopted and implemented risk assessment since 2013 to reduce fatalities and accident rates at construction sites. However, risk assessment is carried out as a voluntary preventive activity and is maintained as a superficial administrative process for owners. Risk assessment must comply with the Occupational Safety and Health Act and the Enforcement Guideline of Risk Assessment. However, the scope of the assessment covers many industries, including manufacturing and distribution, making it difficult to apply to construction sites. As a result, the guidelines are interpreted and applied differently at each construction site. This study aims to improve the risk assessment system so that it is applicable to construction projects and proposes the improvement of the risk assessment system by analyzing the current status of serious accidents in military construction projects.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.469-481
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• 2021

Under Korean law, small-to-medium-sized construction projects with budgets of more than 100 million won and less than 12 billion won must receive technical guidance by a visiting technician belonging to a specialized institution. This study proposed a method for calculating the technical guidance fee to prevent the potential inadequacy of technical guidance when the responsibility providing the technical guidance fee is changed from a contractor to a client. The method simplified the construction works which should receive technical guidance into four sections according to the construction amount. For each section, the number of instances of technical guidance per day provided by the visiting technician and the minimum technical grade of the visiting technician were limited, and the guideline for estimating engineering services fees was applied to calculate the fee per instance of technical guidance. The results show that the proposed method can be applied to the establishment of a technical guidance fee guideline since it well reflects the current fee distribution and K2B analysis results.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.262-268
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• 2009

Purpose: Recently medical dispute about plastic surgery is increasing rapidly as result of growing surgery itself due to high interest in appearance and advertisement of plastic surgery. So we want to find a way to prevent similar medical accident by making better solution of plastic surgery through case analysis of medical dispute. Method: 161 cases about plastic surgery asked for aid at Korea Consumer Agency and 41 cases judged at the court was surveyed and gender, location and kind of hospital, goal and kind of operation, making operation agreement or not, kind of damage, result of process, result of lawsuit was studied from 2004.1.1. to 2006.12.31. Result: Medical doctor have to explain about symptoms of disease, method of treatment, possibility of complication, prognosis to patients before therapy so they can make decision if they take operation by doctor or not. On this survey, among the patients who underwent re - operation or had complication, 88.1%(96 from 109 cases) of them didn't get enough explanation about possibility of complication before surgery They brought lawsuit insisting they would not undergo operation if they got enough explanation about possibility of complication and result of operation before surgery. Conclusion: It is advisable that doctor must observe the duty of explanation before surgery and respect the right to decide of patient, make operation agreement and put down concrete progress note and store the pre and post operative photo to avoid medical accident. It is also needed to have guideline of therapy, Code of ethics, organization which deals with medical dispute, reconsideration of law to control that.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.56-63
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• 2008

We have garnered 3,593 data of gas [Natural Gas (NG) and Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG)] accidents reported for 16 years from 1991, and then analyzed the accidents according to their types and causes based on the classified database. According to the results the gas leak has been the most common accident followed by the explosion and then fire accidents. The most frequent accident-occurring locations for fire, explosion and leak are recognized around the valve, hose and pipeline, respectively. In addition, we have applied the Poisson analysis to predict the most-likely probabilities of fire, explosion and release in the upcoming 5 years. From this research we have assured the successive database updating will highly improve the anticipating-probability accuracy and thus it will play a key role as a significant safety-securing guideline against the gas disasters.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.35-43
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• 2012

The Government is implementing the safety measures for pedestrian in living zone to decrease the traffic accident casualties in half. It is urgently to study the guideline because it contains to make the guideline of a median strip in City to prevent the violation of central line and jaywalking on the main contents. So, this study analyzed the pedestrian accidents and the violation of central line, and studied the type of a median strip, the installation guideline through studying the minimum crossing. Consequently, this study found out that a median strip which revised the attention inducement stick to decrease jaywalking could not have the strong prevention function of a crash barrier, so if it happens separation after the collision between vehicles, it induced the secondary accidents, and could take negative effects on traffic safety. In consideration of driving safety, this study analyzed that if it installs a median stirp, it has to ensure one meter, and such a thing could prevent the separation of lane or damage of facilities. However, if it is hard to ensure the space because of narrow road width, it could install a median strip in case of installing the road surface mark 0.5m. And the installation of the attention inducement stick or a median strip on the central line could be possible to induce the violation of central line, thus it is desirable not to install only anythings but also raised pavement markers.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.126-132
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• 2014

Purpose: The field trauma triage for injured patients is essential for trauma care system. In this study, agreement of patient evaluation between by prehospital EMS personnel and by hospital staffs and the appropriateness of prehospital triage were evaluated. Methods: This observational study was conducted from September to October 2012 for 5 weeks. During this period, EMT evaluated patient's severity according to guideline for field triage and recorded. Same guideline was applied in 26 hospitals for patients with EMS use. Kappa statistics were used to measure agreement for each item of guideline. Finally, over-triage and under-triage rate of EMT were calculated. Results: During study period, total 3,106 patients were transferred to 26 hospital emergency departments with EMS use. Kappa statistics for "vital signs" items were 0.45 for mentality lower than V and 0.44 for systolic blood pressure lower than 90 mmHg as a moderate agreement. In "anatomy of injury" items Kappa statistics were very low. In "mechanism of injury" items Kappa statistics were 0.28 for high-rise fall down and 0.27 for high energy traffic accident but in other items Kappa statistics were very low. 362 patients (12.0%) were over-triaged and 281 patients (9.3%) were under-triaged. Conclusion: Field triage can be applied but need to evaluate and modify in order to become accurate and sensitive for decision of transportation.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.197-205
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• 2019

The existing Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO) and Cardiopulmonary bypass system(CPB) have been developed and applied to various devices according to their respective indications. However, due to the complicated configuration and difficult usage method, it causes inconvenience to users and there is a risk of an accident. Therefore, smart all-in-one cardiopulmonary circulation device is being developed recently. The smart all-in-one cardiopulmonary assist device consists of a blood pump for cardiopulmonary bypass, a blood oxidizer for cardiopulmonary bypass, a blood circuit for cardiopulmonary bypass, and an artificial cardiopulmonary device. It is an integrated cardiopulmonary bypass device that can be used for a variety of purposes such as emergency, intraoperative, post-operative intensive care, and long-term cardiopulmonary assist, combined with CPB used in open heart surgery and ECMO used when patient's cardiopulmonary function does not work normally. The smart all-in-one cardiopulmonary assist device does not exist as a standard and international standard applicable to advanced medical devices. Therefore, in this study, we will refer to the International Standard for Blood Components, the International Standard for Blood, the Guideline for Blood Products, and prepare applicable performance and safety guidelines to help quality control of medical devices, and contribute to the improvement of the health of people. The guideline, which is the result of conducted a survey of the method of safety and performance test, is based on the principle of all-in-one cardiopulmonary aiding device, related domestic foreign standards, the status of domestic and foreign patents, related literature, blood pump(ISO 18242), blood oxygenator (ISO 7199), and blood circuit (ISO 15676) for cardiopulmonary bypass.The items on blood safety are as follows: American Society for Testing and Materials ASTM F1841-97R17), and in the 2010 Food and Drug Administration's Safety Assessment Guidelines for Medical Assisted Circulatory Devices. In addition, after reviewing the guidelines drawn up through expert consultation bodies including manufacturers / importers, testing inspectors, academia, etc. the final guideline was established through revision and supplementation process. Therefore, we propose guidelines for evaluating the safety and performance of smart all-in-one cardiopulmonary assist devices in line with growing technology.