• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.705-712
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• 2008

In this study, Jeonju bibimbap, Bulgogi, Japchae, Whangpomuk, Kimchijeyukbokkeum, and Sangseonjeon were selected as examples of take-out style Korean foods, and sensory evaluations on a 9-point hedonic scale were conducted with dining staff at UCLA. 54.5% of the respondents in this study were male and 62.7% were Hispanic/Latino, with the respondents fairly evenly split across age groups in a range of 25-54 years. In the sensory evaluation, the most acceptable items were judged as follows: Bulgogi (8.1)>Japchae (7.5)>Sangseonjeon (7.4)>Jeonjubibimbap=kimchijeyukbokkeum (7.3)>Whangpomuk (6.9). Among the 6 Korean foods (Jeonjubibimbap, Bulgogi, Japchae, Whangpomuk, Kimchijeyukbokkeum and Sangseonjeon), Bulgogi, and Saengseonjeon were the most acceptable items for the female and male respondents, respectively. All of the items were popular with the majority of the responding age groups, with the exception of the 18-24-year groups; in particular, Kimchijeyukbokkeum and Bulgogi scored relatively high on acceptability (7.0) for all respondents. Jeonjubibimbap, Japchae, Whangpomuk, and Saengseonjeon were also found to be acceptable to all respondents except for the African American respondents. We suggest that the Korean foods listed above are applicable items for quick service restaurants in the U.S. market.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.19-28
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• 1996

정위적 방사선수술 (Stereotactic radiosurgery) 은 병소(region)의 위치를 정확히 결정하고 치료에 요구되는 방사선량이 정확히 전달되는 것이 중요하다. 본 연구는 이를 실험적으로 확인할 목적으로 특별히 고안된 물팬텀 (water phantom)을 개발하여 Leksell 정위기구 (Leksell Stereotactic Frame; LSF)에 부착하여 방사선수술을 시행하였다. 방사선 수술에는 Leksell 감마나이프 (Gamma Knife Unit; GKU) 와 LSF를 사용하였으며 실험을 위해 개발된 팬텀은 1mm 두께 플라스틱의 직경 160mm의 구형으로 물을 채울수 있는 구조로 되어있다. 측정장치로서는 목표점 설정(target localization)을 위한 필름과 전달 선량(dose delivery) 측정을 위해 이온 전리함(ionchamber) 을 사용하였으며 이를 팬텀의 목표점에 각각 위치시킬 수 있도록 설계하였다. 본 연구에서 목표점 확인은 허용 오차범위인 $\pm$0.5 mm 이내에서의 값을 보였으며 선량전달값은 $\pm$3% 정도의 오차로 허용값내에 있음을 보여주었다. 본 연구에서 개발된 팬텀으로 측정된 값이 모두 허용 오차범위 내에 있음을 보여주었고 이로인해 GKU 및 LSF의 주기적 QA(Quality Assurance)에 계속적으로 사용할수 있게 되었다.

• 한국포장학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.109-115
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• 2013

국내 유리병 포장의 개선 방향을 제시하기 위하여 유리병 경량화 지수를 이용하여 유리병 재질 사용 원천 감량을 위한 적정 기준을 설정하였다. 제품의 구분은 사용목적과 사용시간에 따라 일회용병과 다회에 걸쳐 장기간 두고 쓰는 반복사용병(returnable bottle) 및 장기보관 사용 일회용 유리병으로 구분하여 설정하였다. 재사용병의 대부분은 권고기준을 충족하고 있는 것으로 나타났으나 해외 제품의 경우 같은 품목임에도 지수가 최적기준에 준하는 수치를 보여 현저하게 낮은 지수를 보였다. 일회용 유리병 중 소용량 드링크류 유리병은 권고기준을 충족하지 못하여 감량할 필요성이 있는 품목군으로 판단된다. 반면 일회용 유리병 중 180 ml 주스류에 해당되는 품목은 평균적으로 권고기준에 가까운 지수를 보였다. 분석 결과, 해외 제품에 비해 국내 제품의 유리병 경량화 지수가 커 상대적으로 무거운 유리병을 사용하고 있는 것으로 나타나 경량화를 위한 노력이 필요하다고 판단된다. 일본의 경우 일본 유리병 재활용 촉진 협의회를 중심으로 유리병 경량화 지수를 이용하여 유리병의 친환경성을 평가하고 있다. 국내에서 업계의 자발적인 감량화 노력을 유도하는 협의회 구성이 필요하며 경량병 사용시 불이익 발생하지 않는 기술력을 확보해야 한다.

• 음성과학
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.7-27
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• 2006

This study explored the discrimination of synthesized English vowel pairs by twenty-seven American and Korean, male and female listeners. The average formant values of nine monophthongs produced by ten American English male speakers were employed to synthesize the vowels. Then, subjects were instructed explicitly to respond to AX discrimination tasks in which the standard vowel was followed by another one with the increment or decrement of the original formant values. The highest and lowest formant values of the same vowel quality were collected and compared to examine patterns of vowel discrimination. Results showed that the American and Korean groups discriminated the vowel pairs almost identically and their center formant frequency values of the high and low boundary fell almost exactly on those of the standards. In addition, the acceptable range of the same vowel quality was similar among the language and gender groups. The acceptable thresholds of each vowel formed oval to maintain perceptual contrast from adjacent vowels. The results suggested that nonnative speakers with high English proficiency could match native speakers' performance in discriminating vowel pairs with a shorter inter-stimulus interval. Pedagogical implications of those findings are discussed.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제77권3호
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• pp.407-416
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• 2021

Seismic isolation is one of the best-advanced methods for controlling seismic vibrations in buildings, bridges and nuclear facilities. A new Friction Multi-Layer Elastomeric Seismic Isolator (FMESI) has been modeled, analyzed and investigated by ABAQUS finite element analysis software and then, compared to real models. A number of friction cores have been used instead of the lead core therefore, some of the previous isolator problems have been almost resolved. Moreover, Studies show that the proposed isolator provides suitable initial stiffness and acceptable hysteresis behavior under different vertical and horizontal loading conditions and also internal stresses in different layers are acceptable. Also, as a result, the initial stiffness and overall area of the curves increase, as friction coefficients of the cores increase, although the frictional coefficients must be within a certain range.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제54권11호
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• pp.4231-4235
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• 2022

Considering the importance of deuterium in nuclear science including medical and industrial researches such as (BNCT) and nuclear reactors respectively, it is important to study various possible ways in addition to common methods for measuring its concentration. This study is an effort to measure deuterium concentration using PGNAA. The main idea is to calculate the area under 2.23 MeV gamma-rays photo peak resulting from neutron collision with Hydrogen atoms which are in mix with deuterium in samples. The study carried out by both simulation and experiment. Monte Carlo MCNPX2.6 code has been used for simulation and based on its acceptable results an experimental setup has been arranged. The coordination of results was in the range of R = 0.99 and R = 0.98 in simulation and experiment respectively. The accuracy of the study has been investigated by measuring the concentration of an unknown sample by both PGNAA and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) methods in which there were acceptable correlation between these two methods.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.607-616
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to develope a practical color range for the fashion industry in Korea. 3623 color sample used by 109 brands from'93 spring/summer to'96 spring/summer were collected. Also, the application frequency and consumer responses of each collected colorwere analyzed in this study. To clarify the characterstics of color range used in the fashion industry, density of color was etermined by color clustering based on A: and consumer responses. The resultsof this study were as follow; 1. The result analyzed based on the Munsell System revealed that the distributions of hue were concentrated in R, YR, Y, and PB. The chroma was concenturated mostly in the low range and the value, on the contrary, showed relatively even distribution. 2. 458 representative colors were selected by color clustering based on the toEless than 1. 0. In addition, the frequency of color applications and consumer responses were also considered when selecting the colors frequently used in the fashion industry and finals, 1163 colors wereobtained. The color range of the representative colors showed similar color characteristics with the 3623 colors supplied by the fashion industry. As a results, this approach was proven to appropriate to develope a color range for a practical use. 3. In conclusion, around 1200 colors were suggested to organize the color range to reflect the characteristics of the fashion industry with an acceptable color differance for color planning and management.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.844-853
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• 2019

Objective: To evaluate the learning curve for C-arm cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) virtual navigation-guided percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy (PTNB) and to determine the amount of experience needed to develop appropriate skills for this procedure using cumulative summation (CUSUM). Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 2042 CBCT virtual navigation-guided PTNBs performed by 7 novice operators between March 2011 and December 2014. Learning curves for CBCT virtual navigation-guided PTNB with respect to its diagnostic performance and the occurrence of biopsy-related pneumothorax were analyzed using standard and risk-adjusted CUSUM (RA-CUSUM). Acceptable failure rates were determined as 0.06 for diagnostic failure and 0.25 for PTNB-related pneumothorax. Results: Standard CUSUM indicated that 6 of the 7 operators achieved an acceptable diagnostic failure rate after a median of 105 PTNB procedures (95% confidence interval [CI], 14-240), and 6 of the operators achieved acceptable pneumothorax occurrence rate after a median of 79 PTNB procedures (95% CI, 27-155). RA-CUSUM showed that 93 (95% CI, 39-142) and 80 (95% CI, 38-127) PTNB procedures were required to achieve acceptable diagnostic performance and pneumothorax occurrence, respectively. Conclusion: The novice operators' skills in performing CBCT virtual navigation-guided PTNBs improved with increasing experience over a wide range of learning periods.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.11-22
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• 2006

The muscular-skeletal disorders(MSDs) that have become a major issue recently in Korean industrial safety area are mainly caused by manual material handling task. The objective of this study is to provide scientific data for the establishment of work safety standard for Korean workers through the experiments of lifting task under various conditions, in order to prevent the muscular-skeletal disorders in the industrial work site. Eight male college students were recruited as participants. Three different lifting frequencies(1, 3, 5 lifts/min) and three twisting angles(including the sagittal plane and two asymmetric angles; i.e., 0°, 45°, 90°) for symmetric and asymmetric tasks, respectively, with three lifting range from floor to knuckle height, knuckle to shoulder, floor to shoulder height for one hour's work shift using free style lifting technique were studied. The maximum acceptable weight of load(MAWL) was determined under the different task conditions, and the oxygen consumption, heart rate, and RPE were measured or recorded while subjects were lifting their MAWLs. The results showed that: (1) The MAWLs were significantly decreased as the task frequency and task angle increased.; (2) The heart rate, oxygen consumption, RPE significantly increased with an increase in lifting frequency although maximum acceptable weight of lift decreased.; (3) The highest heart rate and oxygen consumption was recorded at the lifting range of floor to shoulder, followed by floor to knuckle and knuckle to shoulder.; (4) The RPE value showed that subjects perceived more exertion at the high frequency rate of lifting task and lifting range of floor to shoulder height. (5) The modeling for MAWL using isometric strength, task angle and lifting frequency were developed. It is expected that use of the results provided in this study may prove helpful in reducing MMH hazards, especially from lifting tasks for Korean, and can be used as a basis for pre-employment screening.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2015

PURPOSE: The aims of this study were to assess the intra-tester and inter-tester reliability and validity of hip range of motion using a smart phone in hip operative patients. METHODS: Twenty-five patients (eight total hip arthroplasty and seventeen femur neck fracture) participated in this study. The range of motions in active and passive hip flexion, abduction and external rotation were measured with a goniometer and smart phone over two times by two observers. The intra-tester and inter-tester reliability were evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC2,1). The validity was measured by Pearson's correlation coefficient RESULTS: The intra-observer reliability was good in all measured items (ICC>0.78). The inter-observer reliability was high with ICC (>0.90). All correlation coefficients of smart phone and goniometer was greater than 0.85 and showed a significant positive correlation (p<0.01). CONCLUSION: The range of motion measurement with a smart phone showed acceptable reliability. Therefore, it could be convenient and have economical benefits to measure the range of motion of the hip joint using a smart phone.