• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.23-29
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• 1983

This paper describes object-based operating system to suppeor relability and abstract data type. For reliability, all objects should be accessed through access rights in capability, and the protection domain is provided for all program modules such that efficient domain switching can be achieved. For abstract data type, type manager is provided.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.61-70
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• 2021

This study aimed to analyze the research trends of the abstract data of ergonomic studies registered in MEDLINE, a medical bibliographic database, using word embedding. Medical-related ergonomic studies mainly focus on work-related musculoskeletal disorders, and there are no studies on the analysis of words as data using natural language processing techniques, such as word embedding. In this study, the abstract data of ergonomic studies were extracted with a program written with selenium and BeutifulSoup modules using python. The word embedding of the abstract data was performed using the word2vec model, after which the data found in the abstract were vectorized. The vectorized data were visualized in two dimensions using t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE). The word "ergonomics" and ten of the most frequently used words in the abstract were selected as keywords. The results revealed that the most frequently used words in the abstract of ergonomics studies include "use", "work", and "task". In addition, the t-SNE technique revealed that words, such as "workplace", "design", and "engineering," exhibited the highest relevance to ergonomics. The keywords observed in the abstract of ergonomic studies using t-SNE were classified into four groups. Ergonomics studies registered with MEDLINE have investigated the risk factors associated with workers performing an operation or task using tools, and in this study, ergonomics studies were identified by the relationship between keywords using word embedding. The results of this study will provide useful and diverse insights on future research direction on ergonomic studies.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.106-116
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• 2000

Background : Severance Hospital is an university hospital which has 1,580 beds. A LAN system was installed in the Medical Record Department in 1992 and discharge abstract data have been added to the discharge abstract database(DB) The previous work flow in the Medical Record Department had 5 levels: 1) chart collection from wards, 2) assembling, 3) abstracting data from medical record on worksheet by 2 RRAs, 4) checking deficiencies and coding diagnosis and procedures by 4 RRAs, 5) inputting the data into the discharge abstract data base by 1 RRA. The average processing time took 19.3 days from the patient discharge date. It had the production of monthly statistical report delayed. Besides, it caused the users in the hospital to complain. Methods : A CQI team was organized to find a way to shorten the processing time less than 10 days. The team identified the factors making the processing time long and integrated three levels from the 3rd level into one. Each of 7 RRAs performed the integrated level on her workstation instead of taking one of three separate levels. The comparison of processing time before and after the changes was made with 3'846 discharges of April, 1999 and 4,189 discharges of August, 1999. Results : The average processing time was shortened from 19.3 days to 8.7 days. Especially the integrated level took only 3.6 days, compared with 12.3 days before the change. The percentage of finishing up the whole processing within 10 days from discharge was increased up to 77.6%, which was 2.4% before the integration. The prevalence of error in data input was not increased in the new method. Conclusions : The integrated processing method has the following advantages: 1) the expedition of production of monthly statistical report, 2) the increase of utilizing rate of dischare abstract data by Billing Dept, Emergency Room, QI Dept., etc., 3) the improvement of intradepartmental work follow, 4) the enhancement of medical record quality by checking the deficiencies earlier than before.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Industrial Systems Conference
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• 1997.11a
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• pp.79-89
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• 1997

Logic programming has many advantages as a paradigm for parallel programming because it offers ease of programming while retaining high expressive power due to its declarative semantics. In parallel logic programming, one of the important issues is the compile-time parallelism detection. Static data-dependency analysis has been widely used to gather some information needed for the detection of AND-parallelism. However, the static data-dependency analysis cannot fully detect AND-parallelism because it does not provide some necessary functions such as the propagation of groundness. As an alternative approach, abstract interpretation provides a promising way to deal with AND-parallelism detection, while a full-blown abstract interpretation is not efficient in terms of computation since it inherently employs some complex operations not necessary for gathering the information on AND-parallelism. In this paper, we propose an abstract domain which can provide a precise and efficient way to use the abstract interpretation for the detection of AND-parallelism of logic programs.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.12 no.1 s.45
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• pp.25-32
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• 2007

In this paper, the abstract layer for motion capture system is designed and implemented to meet the various hardware and different capturing method. The abstract layer can offer the unified programming by providing device independent API(Application Programming Interface). The device drivers of the optical system and mechanical system are emulated to verify the designed abstract layer. The optical system employs the AOA Ole while the mechanical system uses BVH file. An application program is written to call the abstract layer functions to drive both optical and mechanical drivers and receive the frame data, simulated motion data, that are displayed sequentially on the computer screen by utilizing Direct3D.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.167-177
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• 2011

Code obfuscation is a technique that protects the abstract data contained in a program from malicious reverse engineering and various obfuscation methods have been proposed for obfuscating intention. As the abstract data of control flow about programs is important to clearly understand whole program, many control flow obfuscation transformations have been introduced. Generally, inlining is a compiler optimization which improves the performance of programs by reducing the overhead of calling invocation. In code obfuscation, inlining is used to protect the abstract data of control flow. In this paper, we define new control flow complexity metric based on entropy theory and N-Scope metric, and then apply genetic algorithm to obtain optimal inlining results, based on the defined metric.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.2 no.3 s.4
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• pp.170-177
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• 2006

Recently, RFID technology has attracted considerable attention in many industry fields. The RFID environment requires a standard architecture for the smooth exchange of data between heterogeneous networks. The architecture should offer an efficient standard environment, such as a communication environment based on Web Services, PKI or Kerberos-based security, and abstract business processes which could be used in the diverse domains. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an Enterprise Application Framework (EAF) which includes a standard communication protocol, security functions, and abstract level business processes. The suggested architecture is expected to provide a more secure and flexible security management in the dynamic RFID application environments, and is expected to provide an abstract business event for the development of business processes which could apply RFID technology to the existing systems.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.71-86
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• 2020

Purpose - This study investigates research trends by searching for English keywords and abstracts in 1,511 Korean journal articles in the Korea Citation Index from the 2002-2019 period using the term "Port." The study aims to lay the foundation for a more balanced development of port research. Design/methodology - Using abstract and keyword data, we perform frequency analysis and word embedding (Word2vec). A t-SNE plot shows the main keywords extracted using the TextRank algorithm. To analyze which words were used in what context in our two nine-year subperiods (2002-2010 and 2010-2019), we use Scattertext and scaled F-scores. Findings - First, during the 18-year study period, port research has developed through the convergence of diverse academic fields, covering 102 subject areas and 219 journals. Second, our frequency analysis of 4,431 keywords in 1,511 papers shows that the words "Port" (60 times), "Port Competitiveness" (33 times), and "Port Authority" (29 times), among others, are attractive to most researchers. Third, a word embedding analysis identifies the words highly correlated with the top eight keywords and visually shows four different subject clusters in a t-SNE plot. Fourth, we use Scattertext to compare words used in the two research sub-periods. Originality/value - This study is the first to apply abstract and keyword analysis and various text mining techniques to Korean journal articles in port research and thus has important implications. Further in-depth studies should collect a greater variety of textual data and analyze and compare port studies from different countries.

• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.141-153
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• 2010

Fashion needs to be understood as practicality and creative behavior and various movements of paintings act as inspirations of original design for fashion designers. This study seeks to find sources of fashion designs in the works of Mark Rothko who is in the center of color-field abstract. Color-field of Rothko provides infinite inspirations as colors are identically treated as shapes and lighting and textures are all included on top of it. In this study, the purpose is to create color focused artistic fashion design by exploring the possibility of expression with the colors of Rothko as the main motive. The study method is as follows. First, the concept and significance of color-field abstract are researched through documented data. Works of Rothko is divided into three periods according to their characteristics. The background of the formation of color-field abstract of Rothko is understood by analyzing the trends of the works in each period. Second, twenty representative works from 1949 to 1969 are selected and analyzed in formative components of color, shape and textures in order to more accurately understand shape of colors, brilliance, simplicity that appear in the mature color-field abstract of Rothko. Third, preexisting methods of color-field of paintings developed into motives of clothing are studied focusing on the collections from 1997 to 2006. Examples of applications of color-field images in modern fashion designs are analyzed. Fourth, motives are selected based on general characteristics of color-field abstract of Rothko and the results of the formative analysis. Clothing is produced that expresses the colors of the paintings of Rothko more effectively. As the results of the study, restrained shapes and textures and various forms of color combinations shown in color-field abstract of Rothko provided deep inspirations on material composition and color planning for fashion design focused on colors. Additionally, needle-punching technique using wool for the production technique enabled relief texture expressions of materials by colors and effective applications of soft and warm atmosphere of color-field abstract of Rothko on clothing. Especially, the ideology of color-field abstract of Rothko of shaping of colors could be expressed and the direction of the development of motives could be presented at the same time by specifically applying color combination method using horizontal division of atypical color-field from the formative characteristics of color-field abstract of Rothko.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.30 no.6B
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• pp.369-376
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• 2005

While XML is employed in a variety of fields, editing XML document is still hard for the beginners and ordinary individuals. In this paper, we present a syntax-directed editor which is designed to provide unprofessional XML users with easy guides of using XML document. Along with the definition, abstract syntax (data structure of syntax-directed editor) would be explicitly defined. Components of the editor will be projected according to the projected definition of the abstract syntax rule of this paper. Moreover we show that the automatic generation of the abstract syntax rules coming from DTD would enhance the use of XML syntax-directed editor in faster and more precise ways. It could be easier to generate XML syntax-directed editor through a structure of abstract syntax and standard procedure of manufacturing syntax-directed editor.