• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.159-171
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• 1974

Histological and histochemical studies were made on the lining epithelia of the various ducts in epidymis of the Rooster and absorptive function of the canal epithelial cells in the Rooster epididymis were also investigated after administration of India ink. The results obtained were summerized as follows; 1. Epihtelium lining the rate testis was mainaly composed of single later of cuboidal cells, and was partially composed of flattened squamous or low columnar cells. Efferential ductules were characterized by having many villous projections orrfolds which extened into the lumen, and were lined by stereociliated pseudostratified epithelium which consisted of manily ciliated columnar cells, a few scattered clear cells and basal cells. Connecting ductules were lined by ciliated pseudostriatified colummnar epithelium in which ciliated columnar cells, clear cells and basal cells were noted. Epididymal ducts were lined by pseudostratified epidhelium in which columnar and basal cells were noted. 2. PAS-granules, saliva resistant were noted mainly in the epithelial cells of efferential and connecting ductules. 3. Sudan black B stained heavily the granules in the epithelial cells of sufferential and connecting ductules. 4. The granules reactive to acid phosphatase most abundant in the epithelial cells of efferential ductules and were lesser amount in the epithelial cells of connecting ductules where as very few or no granules were seen in the rest of the ducts. 5. Alkaline phosphatase activity was most prominent but discontinuous in the luminal surface of the epithelium of efferential ductules and less marked in the connecting ductless. No enzyme activity was noted in the canal epithelium of epididyml duct. 6. India ink granules were most numerous in the epithlial cells of efferential ductules and were a few in connecting ductules. Very few or no granules of India ink were noted in the other types of the ducts. India ink granules in the epithelium increased gradually as the time after the administration of India ink (one up to twenty-nine hours) has proceeded. From those results it is suggested that epithelial cells of efferential and connecting ductules have active absorptive function, whereas the rest of duct system in the epididymis of the Rooster may be the mere pathway of the seminal fluid without significant modification of its constituents.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.405-430
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• 2011

I examine what factors influence a firm's openness to external sources of knowledge in the Korean manufacturing sector. Related literature suggests a firm's appropriability strategy, absorptive capacity, technology entrepreneurship, firm size and industry-level technological opportunities as possible determinants. Using Korean Manufacturing Innovation Survey, I test how these factors influence the degree of openness of Korean manufacturing firm. I find the followings: First, when the appropriability strategy becomes tighter, a firm becomes more open to external sources. Second, when the share of highly educated employees increases, a firm becomes more open. Third, when a firm is a technology entrepreneur, the openness increases. Fourth, a large firm is likely to be more open. Lastly, ample technological opportunities increase the openness. In Korean manufacturing industries, the highly educated employees and technology entrepreneurship are more influential factors for a firm's openness.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.363-371
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• 2016

Technology evaluation for technology innovation of venture firms should take the rapidly changing corporate environment, the ambiguity of language used in evaluation, and the inaccuracy of evaluation index into consideration. In this paper, targeting the absorptive capacity and technological entrepreneurship which are typical evaluation factors of venture firms, an ACTEM model to calculate the importance, priority, and dynamic capability of factors, applying Fuzzy-AHP was proposed. The fuzzy theory was introduced to compensate for the ambiguity of cognitive judgments when calculating weighted values for the factors that made up an assessment scale. An assessment criteria framework for absorptive capacity, technological entrepreneurship, and dynamic capability, which were not considered in previous studies on the evaluation and measurement of technological prowess, so that the users could have a realistic alternative to choose. The study compared the ACTEM model with the old AHP assessment method and found that "knowledge acquisition" and "producing ability" were the highest in absorptive capacity and technological entrepreneurship, respectively, thus demonstrating its validity.

• Journal of Korean Association for Spatial Structures
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.53-63
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• 2008

In this study, the reverberation characteristics of coupled spaces were investigated using a scale model. Two rooms were connected through an acoustically transparent opening known as an aperture. The acoustic characteristics of the coupled room by varying three parameters, the aperture opening size, the absorption ratio between the two rooms and the locations of the secondary room, were measured and analysed. The results indicated that a reverberant secondary room, produced large variations of the acoustics in the main room and an absorptive secondary room was effective to provide systematic control of the acoustics in the main room. The reverberant secondary room should be located at the rear of the stage and the aperture opening ratio over 6.25% produced large variations of the acoustics in the main room. However, the aperture opening ratio over 25% had no effect on variations of the acoustics in the main room. The absorptive secondary room should be located at the rear of the audience areas and the aperture opening ratio over 3.13% produced large variations of the acoustics in the main room.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.195-201
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• 2023

Background: Hematocrit is usually measured from venous blood collected by invasive venipuncture. This study was performed to determine hematocrit accurately and precisely using minimally invasive volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) technique. Such technique is to be applied to determining hematocrit in various clinical settings for the care, including therapeutic drug monitoring, of neonatal or epileptic patients, or patients with high risk of infection or bleeding. Methods: The study was performed using 31 VAMS samples obtained from 21 pancreatic cancer patients. Hematocrit was determined using the values of potassium concentrations obtained from blood in VAMS tips (Hct_VAMS). Hct_VAMS was compared with hematocrit measured from blood collected by venipuncture (Hct_VP). The accuracy and precision of Hct_VAMS in comparison to Hct_VP were evaluated using Bland-Altman plot, Deming regression and mountain plot. Results: Bland-Altman plot displayed a random scattering pattern of the differences between Hct_VAMS and Hct_VP with the mean bias of -0.010 and the 95% limit of agreement ranging from -0.063 to 0.044. Deming regression for Hct_VAMS and Hct_VP line demonstrated very small proportional and constant biases of 1.04 and -0.003, respectively. Mountain plot exhibited a narrow and symmetrical distribution of the differences with their median of -0.011 and central 95% range from -0.049 to 0.033. Conclusion: Hematocrit was accurately and precisely determined using less invasive VAMS technique. Such technique appears to be applicable to determining hematocrit in situations that venipuncture is not favorable or possible.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.157-166
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• 2007

This experiment was performed to evaluate the ultrastructural responses of the absorptive cells in the appendix of the mouse, inoculated with Ehrlich carcinoma cells in the inguinal area, following administration of BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guerin). Healthy adult ICR mice weighing 25 gm each were divided into normal and experimental groups (experimental control group and BCG treated group). In the experimental groups, each mouse was inoculated with $1{\time}10^7$ Ehrlich carcinoma cells subcutaneously in the inguinal area. From next day after inoculations, 0.5mL of saline or BCG (0.5 mL/25gm B.W.: $0.03{\times}10^8{\sim}0.32{\times}10^8CFU$) were injected subcutaneously to the animals every other day. The day following the last injection, each mouse was sacrificed. Pieces of the tissue were taken from the appendix, prefixed with 2.5% glutaraldehyde-1.5% paraformaldehyde solution, followed by post-fixation with 1% osmium tetroxide solution. The ultrathin sections were stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate. In the normal control, experimental control and BCG treated mice, general morphology of the absorptive cells of appendix were similar. But myelin figures and intramitochondrial dense granules were more frequently observed in the absorptive cells of BCG treated mice than normal control ones. Above results show that BCG did show slight ultrastructural alterations in the absorptive cell of the appendix. These results that BCG may slightly suppress function of the absorptive cells of the appendix.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.303-332
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• 2023

This study comprises critical questions of "What kinds of intangible resources are significant to create and reinforce competitive advantages for the small and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs) that significantly influence the national economy? What kinds of capacities do SMEs need in consideration with the large changes in market environment and during crisis? With large changes to market environment, would different capacities affect performance of platform and general SMEs?" To examine these questions, I have provided Entrepreneurial Orientation, Absorptive Capacity, and Organizational Resilience as key capacities that influence the competitive advantage and performance of SMEs. In particular, I have substantiated the control effect of Organizational Resilience (a rising key capacity for enterprises in recent times) on Corporate Performance. Moreover, I have analyzed the control effect of Organizational Resilience on Corporate Performance by comparing platform and general companies, and also substantiated how control effects may vary depending on sub-factors of Organizational Resilience. The results of this study indicate that Entrepreneurial Orientation and Absorptive Capacity significantly and positively influence Corporate Performance. Organizational Resilience also demonstrate a positive influence on Corporate Performance. Notably, sub-factors of Organizational Resilience (risk preparation capacity, risk response capacity, and change initiative capacity) significantly control correlation between Entrepreneurial Orientation and Corporate Performance. Risk preparation capacity and change initiative capacity significantly control correlation between Absorptive Capacity and Corporate Performance. Additionally, the control effect of risk preparation capacity significantly control correlation between Entrepreneurial Orientation and Corporate Performance. Also, the control effect of risk response capacity correlations between Entrepreneurial Orientation and Corporate Performance demonstrated themselves significantly only in platform enterprises. The study's results indicate that Organizational Resilience not only directly influence Corporate Performance, but also strengthens Corporate Performance via mutual interaction with Entrepreneurial Orientation and Absorptive Capacity, although the control effect of Organizational Resilience may vary between platform enterprises and general enterprises. I expect such results to provide practical value to the management of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.1-22
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• 2009

A firm's competitive capabilities become greater when the firm has a specific knowledge. There are many studies have been examined how to accumulate the firm specific knowledge and to get the competitive capability on the various perspectives. This study suggest that the conceptual framework on the absorptive capability through reviews on the knowledge management theory. And it also suggests that the proposition about the technological capability building process through the in depth case study on a small and medium sized company in a LCD industry. This study found the following major characteristics about the absorptive capability building and knowledge creating process. First, it is required to building an absorptive capability rapidly that the harmony of local capabilities, integrative capabilities, and intensity of effort. And the most important factor is the intensity of effort in a small and medium sized firm with a weak knowledge base. Second, it is required to develop an innovative new product that the utilization of expeditious learning mechanism based on the exploration and exploitation process. Finally, complementary assets are needed to proactive exploration and exploitation. Based on the findings, the theoretical and managerial implications are derives and the further research directions are proposed.

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.08a
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• pp.67-88
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• 2009

A firm's competitive capabilities become greater when the firm has a specific knowledge. There are many studies have been examined how to accumulate the firm specific knowledge and to get the competitive capability on the various perspectives. This study suggest that the conceptual framework on the absorptive capability through reviews on the knowledge management theory. And it also suggests that the proposition about the technological capability building process through the in depth case study on a small and medium sized company in a LCD industry. This study found the following major characteristics about the absorptive capability building and knowledge creating process. First, it is required to building an absorptive capability rapidly that the harmony of local capabilities, integrative capabilities, and intensity of effort. And the most important factor is the intensity of effort in a small and medium sized firm with a weak knowledge base. Second, it is required to develop an innovative new product that the utilization of expeditious learning mechanism based on the exploration and exploitation process. Finally, complementary assets are needed to proactive exploration and exploitation. Based on the findings, the theoretical and managerial implications are derives and the further research directions are proposed.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.7
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• pp.297-304
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• 2010

As Small Intestine Absorptive Epithelium Cells are surrounded by mucus polysaccharide and lymphocytes and mitochondria, they are sensitive to radiation energy. Damaged cells lead to a deficiency of nutrients and the imbalance of electrolyte metabolism, which in turn can becomes a major cause of an intestine tract death. This research observed ultra structures after injecting propolis into the abdominal cavity in order to reveal the radiation damage mechanism and radioprotection effect of intestine absorptive epithelium cells. The result of this research's observation found that stenosis occurred in the small intestine in some tissues 20 days after 5Gy irradiation, their surface turned black, and their elasticity dropped. Through observation with an optical microscope, it was found that the size of the goblet cells decreased, while the paneth granulate cells atrophied and were vacuolated. Observation with an transmission electron microscope(TEM) revealed that while microvill and lysosome were normally observed in jejunum tissues, mitochondria membrane was damaged and uneven surfaces were formed on lymphocytes. The membrane of absorptive epithelium cells hypertrophied in tissues of the ileum, and vacuole was observed. However, the observation after injecting propolis into the abdominal cavity found that mitochondria damage dropped dramatically, and radioprotection effects were to some extent confirmed, considering that glycocalyx of villi was clear, and M cells could be observed.