• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.202-207
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• 2013

생체 조직의 전기 신호는 살아 있는 조직과 관련된 많은 정보를 포함하고 있으며, 생체 조직에 생물학적 변화가 있으면 고유의 전기적 특성이 변화한다. Impedance/Gain-phase analyzer로 1 KHz에서 1 KHz까지 주파수 대역을 설정한 다음 교류 주파수를 인가하며 돼지안심 조직의 임피던스 특성을 방사선 피폭선량에 따라 변화가 있는지 알아보고자 하였다. 임피던스 크기는 주파수에 비례하여 감소하였으며, 상관계수(r)가 -0.96으로 높은 음의 상관관계를 보였다. 위상차 변화는 거의 없었으며 조직은 저항성을 나타내었다. 측정값은 변동계수가 ${\pm}5$%이내로 재현성이 있음을 알 수 있었고, 측정 시간 경과에 따른 임피던스 크기와 위상차 변화는 유의적인 차이가 없었다.(p>0.05) 방사선 피폭 시 임피던스 변화는 대조군과 비교했을 때 1 Gy, 2 Gy, 4 Gy 피폭 선량에서는 임피던스 크기는 감소하였으나, 유의적인 차이는 없었다.(p>0.05) 그러나 10 Gy 피폭 선량에서는 임피던스 크기 감소가 유의적으로 나타났다.(p<0.05) 방사선 피폭선량이 증가하여도 위상차 변화는 거의 없었으며, 대조군과 비교했을 때 1 Gy, 2 Gy, 4 Gy, 10 Gy 모두 유의적인 차이가 없었다.(p>0.05) 본 연구를 통해 생체 조직의 전기적 특성을 이해 할 수 있었고, 방사선 피폭선량에 따른 임피던스 변화를 측정하여 방사선이 인체에 미치는 영향을 직접 평가 할 수 있는 가능성을 확인 할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.59-74
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• 2009

Relative navigation system is presented using GPS measurements from a single-channel global positioning system (GPS) simulator. The objective of this study is to provide the real-time inter-satellite relative positions as well as absolute positions for two formation flying satellites in low earth orbit. To improve the navigation performance, the absolute states are estimated using ion-free GRAPHIC (group and phase ionospheric correction) pseudo-ranges and the relative states are determined using double differential carrier-phase data and singled-differential C/A code data based on the extended Kalman filter and the unscented Kalman filter. Furthermore, pseudo-relative dynamic model and modified relative measurement model are developed. This modified EKF method prevents non-linearity of the measurement model from degrading precision by applying linearization about absolute navigation solutions not about the priori estimates. The LAMBDA method also has been used to improve the relative navigation performance by fixing ambiguities to integers for precise relative navigation. The software-based simulation has been performed and the steady state accuracies of 1 m and 6 mm ($1{\sigma}$ of 3-dimensional difference errors) are achieved for the absolute and relative navigation using EKF for a short baseline leader/follower formation. In addition, the navigation performances are compared for the EKF and the UKF for 10 hours simulation, and relative position errors are mm-level for the two filters showing the similar trends.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.281-295
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to demonstrate and verify the application of phase-control absolute-acceleration-feedback active tuned mass dampers (PCA-ATMD) to multiple-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) building structures. In addition, servo speed control technique has been developed as a replacement for force control in order to mitigate the negative effects caused by friction and inertia. The essence of the proposed PCA-ATMD is to achieve a 90° phase lag for a structure by implementing the desired control force so that the PCA-ATMD can receive the maximum power flow with which to effectively mitigate the structural vibration. An MDOF building structure with a PCA-ATMD and a real-time filter forming a complete system is modeled using a state-space representation and is presented in detail. The feedback measurement for the phase control algorithm of the MDOF structure is compact, with only the absolute acceleration of one structural floor and ATMD's velocity relative to the structure required. A discrete-time direct output-feedback optimization method is introduced to the PCA-ATMD to ensure that the control system is optimized and stable. Numerical simulation and shaking table experiments are conducted on a three-story steel shear building structure to verify the performance of the PCA-ATMD. The results indicate that the absolute acceleration of the structure is well suppressed whether considering peak or root-mean-square responses. The experiment also demonstrates that the control of the PCA-ATMD can be decentralized, so that it is convenient to apply and maintain to real high-rise building structures.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.385-396
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• 2006

GPS 안테나 절대 PCV를 이용한 결과가 가지고 있는 지구 축척문제가 GPS 위성 안테나의 PCV 추정을 통해 해결되면서, IGS는 기존에 사용해오던 상대 PCV에서 절대 PCV로의 전환을 준비하고 있다. 이에 따라 전 세계 모든 GPS 고정밀 자료처리는 절대 PCV를 사용하여 수행될 예정이다. 그러므로 향후 국내 GPS 관측망 자료처리의 일관성과 안정성 확보를 위해 기존의 상대 PCV를 이용한 자료처리 결과와 절대 PCV를 적용한 결과를 비교 분석할 필요가 있다. 이 논문에서는 절대 PCV의 사용이 GPS 정밀측위에 미치는 영향을 GPS 망 자료처리를 통해 분석하였다. 기선의 길이와 안테나 레이돔의 영향을 알아보기 위해 1000km이상의 기선을 갖도록 IGS 기준국인 중국의 베이징, 우한과 우리나라의 대전, 수원을 사용하여 GPS 망을 구성하고 자료처리를 수행하였다. 기선의 길이가 1000km 이상인 경우 평균 1.33cm의 수직방향 차이를 보였고, 여기에 레이돔을 고려했을 경우 평균 2.97cm의 차이를 보였다. 절대 PCV적용이 국내 GPS망 자료처리에 미치는 영향을 시험하기 위해 한국천문연구원의 상시관측소 9개 중 데이터 품질이 종은 7개의 관측소에 대해 상대 PCV와 절대 PCV를 각각 적용한 결과를 서로 비교 분석하였다. 수직방향의 차이는 평균 0.12cm로써 국내 지역망에서는 그 효과가 크지 않음을 확인하였다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제33권12호
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• pp.3939-3940
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• 2012

• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.460-466
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• 2008

This paper deals with the stability analysis of a missile guidance loop employing an integrated proportional navigation guidance law. The missile guidance loop is formulated as a closed-loop control system consisting of a linear time-invariant feed-forward block and a time-varying feedback gain. Based on the circle criterion, we have defined the concept of absolute stability margins and obtained the gain and phase margins for the system assuming 1 st order missile/autopilot dynamics. The correlation between the absolute stability margins and the margins derived from the frozen system analysis is also discussed.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2009년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.511-512
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• 2009

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.38-46
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• 2006

The characteristics about the pressure drop in microtubes have been investigated. The test tubes are the circular, seamless, stainless steel tubes with an inner diameter of 0.244, 0.430, and 0.792 mm, respectively. R-l34a was used as a test fluid. Early flow transition which has been reported in some previous studies is not found in single-phase flow pressure drop tests. The conventional theory between friction factor and Reynolds number predicted the experimental friction factors within an absolute average deviation of $8.9\%$. The two-phase flow pressure drop increases for higher quality and mass flux, and for reduced inner diameter. The existing correlations fail to predict the experimental data. A new correlation to predict the two-phase flow pressure drop is developed in the form of the Lockhart-Martinelli correlation. The effects of the tube diameter and the surface tension were considered, and the correlation predicted the experimental data within an average absolute deviation of $8.1\%$.

• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.153-159
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• 2008

We have developed an absolute evaluation method to obtain the ratio error and phase displacement of a current transformer (CT) without any precise standard CT by measuring four parameters in a CT equivalent circuit. The excitation admittance in the CT equivalent circuit can be obtained by employing standard resistors with negligible reactive component. The secondary leakage impedance in the CT equivalent circuit can be measured using a universal impedance bridge. The method was applied to CTs under test with the wide current ratios in the range of 5 A / 5 A - 5,000 A / 5 A and 5 A / 1 A - 5,000 A / 1 A. The ratio error and phase displacement of the CT under test obtained in this study are consistent with those measured at the national institute in Canada using the same CT under test within an expanded uncertainty (k = 2) in the overall current ratios.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.975-981
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• 2010

Existing error compensation method of industrial electronic absolute displacement detector only depends on skilled engineers. This paper proposes a new table method in order to automatize error compensation. An waveform changes according to the parallel resistance for each pole were tabularized and four waveforms were superimposed to minimize total phase error. These process was verified using simulink. As a result of applying proposed method to the real sensor, peak to peak error was reduced from $3.428^{\circ}$ to $0.879^{\circ}$. In this case, compensation resistance is $4.7k\Omega$ in B pole and $20k\Omega$ in C pole. This compensation rate is comparable to skilled engineers, and it takes 0.8 second which is far shorter than 15 minutes when expert does.