• 박물관보존과학
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• 제20권
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• pp.49-60
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• 2018

대구 칠곡지구 일대 유적은 청동기시대 및 삼국시대 대규모 취락지가 확인된 고고학적 조사로 그 의의가 크다. 특히 대구 동천동 취락유적에서는 청동기시대 수혈주거지, 고상건물지, 석관묘, 우물, 집수기, 집석, 구상유구, 경작지, 환호, 하도 등의 유구가 확인되어 청동기시대 당시 취락의 전모를 알 수 있는 많은 자료가 조사되었다. 본 조사는 대구 동천동 취락유적 내 청동기시대 하도 유구 출토 목기 8점에 대한 수종분석 결과이다. 조사 결과, 침엽수재 수종인 소나무류(Pinus spp.)가 2점, 전나무속(Abies spp.) 수종이 2점, 활엽수재 수종인 상수리나무류(Quercus sp.)가 4점 식별되었다. 용도미상으로 분류된 3점의 목기는 소나무류와 전나무속 수종이였으며, 건축부재 5점은 소나무류가 1점, 상수리나무류가 4점이었다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.364-372
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• 2020

To improve our understanding of the relationship between soil higher fungi (belonging to Ascomycota and Basidiomycota) and Abies koreana, we surveyed A. koreana soil fungal communities in a forest in Mt. Halla, Jeju Island, Korea by next-generation sequencing (Illumina Miseq). To confirm the soil higher fungal communities, we collected two types of soils from a defined plot: soils with dead (AKDTs) and living A. koreana (AKLTs), respectively. Soil fungi were classified into 2 phyla, 19 classes, 64 orders, 133 families, 195 genera, and 229 OTUs (895,705 sequence reads). Nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) showed significantly different soil higher fungal communities between AKDTs and AKLTs (p < .05). In addition, the saprophyte composition was significantly affected by A. koreana status (p < .05). The proportion of the mycorrhizal Clavulina spp. was different between soils with AKDTs and AKLTs, suggesting that Clavulina spp. may be a crucial soil fungal species influencing A. koreana. This study will lead to a better understanding of the ecological status of A. koreana in Mt. Halla. In addition, this study could be useful for the conservation and management of A. koreana habitats.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.11-20
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• 2001

To investigate weathering and surface characteristics of coating film on lumbers coated with Hwangchil(varnish of Dendropanax morbifera), we carried out to investigate the resistance against discoloration, value of crack and surface characteristics of coating films on seven domestic lumbers and those of four introduced tropical lumbers. There was investigated to evaluate the properties of coating films by the varnish of Dendropanax morbifera. There was insignificant correlations between the hardness and moisture contents of each lumber treated by the varnish. There was no significant correlations between the thickness of coating film and the hardness, either. Although we investigated 11 wood species, we found only three species as resistance wood species against discoloration; Diospysos spp., Abies holophylla and Ulmus davidiana. The crack of coaing films was the largest on Zelkova serrata followed by Juglans sinensis, Cercidiphum japonicum, Tectona grands, Ulmus davidiana, Guibourtia tessmannii, Diospysos spp. and Dalbergia latifolia. However, there was no crack of coating films on the lumbers of Juniperus rigida, Prunus serrulata var. spontanea and Abies holophylla. The crack of coating film showed positive correlations with the thickness of coating film and hardness. The surface characteristics of the coating films evaluated on the basis of $R_{a}$ values indicated the lumbers of Ulmus davidiana($0.14{\;}{\mu}m$), Juniperus rigida($0.1 5{\;}{\mu}m$), Guibourtia tessmannii($0.19{\;}{\mu}m$), Dalvergia latifolia($0.20{\;}{\mu}m$) and Diospysos spp.($0.20{\;}{\mu}m$), Cercidiphum japonicum($0.24{\;}{\mu}m$) as good species while there was insignificant differences between softwoods and hardwoods. Tectona grands, Prunus serrulata var. spontanea and Abies holophylla showed rough surface with $1.53~2.63{\;}{\mu}m$ of $R_a$ values. The four kinds of rough indices($R_a,{\;}R_z,{\;}R_{max}{\;}and{\;}R_q$) showed very low correlations with moisture contents with the correlation coefficients. The $R_a{\;}and{\;}R_{max}$ also showed slight relationship with hardness.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.253-262
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• 2016

Woodcraft activity is inseparable with our ordinary life and its relevant research should be consistently maintained because it has significant educational value to blossoming students. These days, which interest in woodcraft is rapidly expanding from early childhood to old age, this study was done to provide images to those who work in this field or who have interest. Out of the 43 jewelry and gift boxes used in this study, species of white which has low proportion of packing materials consists of species of Fir (Abies spp), Birch (Betula spp) and Amercia basswood (Tilia americana Linnaeus) and the higher proportion species of Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla), Bayor (Pteorospermum diversifolium Bl), Snakewood (Piratinera guianensis aubl.) and Bintangor (Calophhyllum spp.) were used in valuable products. It was showed that out of 56 works selected from '400 Wood Boxes', the species of Walnut (Juglans regia), Cherry (Prunus serotina), Wenge (Milletia laurentii De. wild), Ebony (Diospyros spp.), Ash (Fraxinus spp.) and Cocobolo (Dallbergia cultrata Grah.) were frequently used.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.326-332
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 서울 화계사 대웅전의 목부재에 대한 수종과 연륜연대분석을 진행하여 재질과 정확한 건축역사를 조사하고자 하였다. 대웅전 목부재(27점)의 수종은 대부분 소나무속 중 경송류로 식별되었고, 대보 1점만 전나무속으로 식별되었다. 연륜연대분석은 코어링법을 이용하여 시료 채취하였으며, TSAP 프로그램을 이용하여 크로스데이팅 하였다. 연륜연대분석 결과, 보와 기둥과 같은 구조재 20점들에 대한 최외각 연도는 1839년에서 1870년으로 확인되었다. 그 중 수피가 존재하는 5점의 벌채연도는 1869년과 1870년으로 나타내어, 2012년 실측조사에서 종도리 복장물에서 확인된 중건기록(1870년)과 일치하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제33권3호통권131호
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• pp.11-21
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• 2005

영광 불갑사의 대웅전에 쓰인 목재의 수종을 식별하기 위하여 기둥, 보, 평방, 창방, 도리, 사래, 추녀, 서까래 등 총 88점을 조사하였다. 수종은 경송류(소나무류), 전나무속, 참나무(상수리나무류), 느티나무 등 4수종이 식별되었다. 기둥과 사래는 느티나무의 비율이 높았으나, 다른 부재는 경송류가 대부분이었다. 기둥과 사래의 느티나무의 비율이 높은 것은 조선후기 이전에는 소나무보다 재질이 우수한 느티나무가 많이 사용되었기 때문이라고 생각된다.

• 한국동물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물학회 1999년도 한국생물과학협회 학술발표대회
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• pp.81.2-81
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• 1999

No Abstract, See Full Text

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제99권2호
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• pp.251-257
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• 2010

Influences of environment (indicated by plant associations) and forest management practices on the distribution of Armillaria spp. and genets (vegetative clones) were investigated. A total of 142 isolates of Armillaria was collected from various host trees on pristine and managed sites (thinned and/or fertilized) growing in relatively wet and dry environments in eastern Washington, U.S.A. The incidence of Armillaria spp. was significantly higher in the relatively wetter sites than the relatively drier sites, as indicated by plant associations. However, no differences in Armillaria occurrence were found among different forest management practices (control vs. thinned vs. thinned and fertilized) within both wetter and drier sites. Incidence of Armillaria was significantly different among conifer and shrub species. The highest proportion with Armillaria was found on grand fir (Abies grandis). Based on pairing tests and rDNA sequencing, the 142 isolates were comprised in a total of 20 genets representing three Armillaria species. More diverse Armillaria spp. were found in both relatively wetter and relatively drier sites within the undisturbed control plots, compared to plots disturbed by forest management practices. The results from this study provide baseline information toward understanding how environment and forest management practices influence incidence and diversity of Armillaria species and genets.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.193-217
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• 2022

The Wooden Seated Amitabha Buddha Triad and Altarpiece have not been the subjects of definitive species identification and scientific analysis. In this study, visual investigation, portable X-ray fluorescence (p-XRF), species identification, and lacquer layer observations were carried out to determine the original materials and conservation status. Cracks, exfoliation and discoloration were detected during the visual investigation. The p-XRF data indicated that chrome oxide green, malachite, gold, cadmium red, cinnabar, minium, hematite, lead white, ink stick (Carbon), and copper were used for pigments and the coronet accessory. Tilia spp., Abies spp., and Pinus spp. were identified from both the Buddha Triad and Altarpiece. Finally, lacquer layer analyses of the base layer, lacquer layer, orange pigment layer, and gold leaf layer observed modern synthetic pigments likely used in previous conservation. As the Korean Cultural Heritage Charter and the International Charter for the Conservation and Restoration of Monuments and Sites clearly state that objects of cultural heritage must be conserved using their original materials, future conservation of these objects should utilize the data obtained in this study to employ traditional materials. Furthermore, a deterioration map diagnosis can be applied together with the obtained analysis data to understand the conservation status of and inform an appropriate and authentic conservation treatment for the Buddha Triad and Altarpiece.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.201-210
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• 2013

대구 북지장사 대웅전(보물 제 805호, 1659년 건축)에 쓰인 주요 목부재의 수종을 식별하기 위하여 기둥, 창방, 평방, 도리, 추녀 등 총 117점을 조사하였다. 수종 식별 결과, 기둥 부재의 경우, 소나무류(적송류) 5개, 상수리나무류 2개, 솔송나무속 3개 등의 세 수종으로 식별되었다. 활주는 4개 중 1개는 소나무류이고, 나머지 3개는 전나무속으로 식별되었다. 창방은 소나무류 8개, 상수리나무류 1개로, 평방은 소나무류 3개와 상수리나무류 6개로 식별되었다. 도리는 소나무류 17개, 상수리나무류 16개, 외래산 소나무류 1개 등 세 수종으로 식별되었다. 추녀는 3개가 소나무류, 나머지 1개가 상수리나무류로, 그리고 사래는 소나무류 2개, 느티나무속 1개, 외래산 소나무류 1개로 식별되었다. 포부재(31개)와 장여(4개), 덧추녀(2개)는 모두 소나무류로 식별되었다. 전체적으로 보면 소나무류(70.1%)와 상수리나무류(22.2%)가 대부분을 차지하였고 기둥, 도리, 사래 등의 일부에 사용된 솔송나무속과 외래산 소나무류 그리고 활주에 사용된 전나무속은 근래의 보수 시에 사용된 수입산 수종으로 추정된다.