• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.107-116
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• 2011

The automated teller machine (ATM) is developed as a system to provide customers with an easy deposit and withdrawal of their money without time restriction and be served for 24 hours. Today, ATM is come up to the level of an unmanned branch. The automatic financing system is developed as an essential one for dealing with the rationalization of management and the globalization of financing in order to improve the efficiency of financial management work and increase the customer service quality. With reducing the operational cost of financial organizations through the efficient maintenance operation of ATM and increasing the service quality through the maximization of its processing efficiency, this study is to draw the scheme to ensure the competitiveness among the finance companies. The importance of ATM is highly recognized as the utilization of ATM is increased and the processing function is extended, but ATM is quite vulnerable to the malfunction occurred during the nighttime after banking hours. The ATM maintenance is done through consignment to the specialized maintenance company. The efficient operation of ATM maintenance work is important to the satisfaction of customer using ATM in the nighttime.

• Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.16-20
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• 2016

In this paper, we analyze the characteristics and ATM applications for fingerprint, iris, vein recognition technology that can be applied to the ATM to reinforce security. Describe the important requirements to be considered when introducing a biometric authentication in the ATM, and were compared to each biometric authentication scheme based on these requirements. Fingerprint authentication has limitations in accuracy, iris recognition is a big weakness in user convenience, whereas vein recognition has the advantage of being hygienic, yet excellent accuracy and secrecy. Vein authentication approach is expected to be expanded to apply to ATM due to the many advantages.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics S
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• v.35S no.6
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• pp.156-163
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• 1998

The ATM network provides ATM CES(Circuit Emulation Services) with AAL1 for CBR(constant bit rate) services such as telephone speech. In this study, quality assessment of telephone speech with CES over ATM was performed and discussed. For this, interoperability between ATM network and structured/unstructured DS1 link was modeled for simulation. And for qualiy assessment of telephone speech, SNR and MOS were used as an objective and a subjective measure, respectively. Experimental results have shown that MOS score 4 as well as SNR 30dB could be obtained at CLR of $10^{-3}$ or below for speech signal.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2001.04a
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• pp.607-609
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• 2001

본 논문은 ATM(Abstract Time Machine)으로 명세된 실시간 시스템에 대한 재/역공학 측면에서의 검증을 위한 Ada 코드로의 변환 과정에서 요구되는 DoME/ATM 파스트리 생성과정과 이를 통해 추출되는 정보를 이용하여 ATM을 SRL/ATM으로의 변환방법을 설계 구현한다. 임무 위급 시스템 같은 실시간 시스템을 명세, 분석, 검증하기 위한 정형기법인 ATM은 순환공학에서의 실시간 시스템 속성은 물론 특정 환경과 동적 정보 등을 명세하기 위한 정형기법이다. 본 논문에서는 DoME을 이용하여 실시간 시스템에서의 특정 요구사항에 대한 DoME/ATM을 생성하고, DoME의 기능을 이용하여 ATM을 스크립트 코드로 저장한 후, DoME/ATM 파스트리 생성기를 통해 명세 정보를 추출하여 SRL/ATM으로의 변환기를 설계 구현한다. 변환기에 의해 생성된 매개언어인 SRL은 명시적인 정의와 효율적 분석 정보를 제공함으로써 Ada, COBOL, C 등과 같은 실행코드를 생성할 수 있도록 하는 기반을 제공한다.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.1237-1246
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• 2021

This paper is about Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) cell security in which an Output Feedback (OFB) mode is applied to an AES block ciphers. ATM cells are divided into user data cells and maintenance cells, and each cell is 53 octets in size and consists of a header of 5 octets and a payload of 48 octets. In order to encrypt/decrypt ATM cells, the boundaries of cells must be detected, which is possible using the Header Error Control (HEC) field in the header. After detecting the boundary of the cell, the type of payload is detected using a payload type (PT) code to encrypt only the user cell. In this paper, a security method for ATM cells that satisfies the requirements of ISO 9160 is presented.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.489-497
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• 1999

국내의 ATM 기술은 대부분 교환기 시스템 개발에 집중되어 있었고 최근에는ATM 서비스 분야에 대한 개발 요구가 있다. 이러한 가운데 Internet 서비스는 데이타 망의 기본 서비스로 자리잡았으며, ATM망도 기본적으로 Internet 서비스를 지원하여야 한다. IETF의 IPOA (Classical IP and ARP over ATM)는 국내 망 여건 및 구현의 용이성으로 Internet 서비스를 위한 프로토콜중 가장 선호 대상이지만 RFC사양의 허술함, 구현자의 사양에 대한 이해 부족과 초기 외산 장비 제조 업체들의 자체 사양때문에 기존의 IPOA장비들과 상호 운용 시험에서 후발 IPOA 개발자는 시행착오를 겪어야만 한다. 본 논문에서는 기존 외산 IPOA 장비들과 자체 개발한 장비와 상호 운용 시험을 수행하면서 겪은 사례 연구를 정리하였고 이를 기초로 기존의 외산 IPOA와 상호 운용할 수 있는 최종 요구 사항을 제시하였다. 본 논문을 기초로 IPOA 장비를 개발한다면 국내 후발 ATM 장비 업체는 개발의 시간 및 노력을 줄일 수 있고 향후 IP/ATM 국내 기술력 향상에 도움이 될 것이다.Abstract While we have been focusing on development of ATM switching systems, recently the demand on service by use of ATM switching system is increasing rapidly. Among various ATM services, the Internet service should be provided in an ATM network since the Internet service has been the basic data service. Many domestic engineers consider the classical IP and ARP over ATM (IPOA) to be an appropriate method for interworking of IP and ATM because the IP is the network protocol used in most domestic data networks, and the IPOA is simpler and has less overhead than other approaches. However, it is not easy for a developer to implement the IPOA function module interoperable with other existing ones due to the incomplete description of IETF's RFC specifications, misunderstanding of designer and/or developer, and incompatible vendors' specifications. In this paper, we show several case studies undertaken for interoperability tests of IPOA products between our product and other vendor's products, and discuss the implementation requirement of the IPOA software to be interoperable with the existing IPOA equipment.The design and implementation requirements presented in this paper will reduce the effort of IPOA-developing engineers and time required for interoperability test. Also, this contribution will be helpful in IP/ATM interworking areas.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.77-82
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• 2020

As Korea enters an aging age, social efforts to improve the IADL of the elderly are increasing. In this study, to improve the performance of financial management activities that the elderly is particularly burdened, we aim to learn the elderly through ATM simulation education contents so that they can use ATM smoothly. To this end, interviews were conducted with seniors to derive four major financial activities (deposits, withdrawals, deposit inquiries and bank account arrangements), and developed tablet PC-based ATM education contents identical to the existing bank ATM interfaces. The experiment was conducted on 20 elderly people in the Elderly Day Care Center, and their satisfaction, fatigue and performance were measured before and after education. The results of this study can provide ATM design guidelines for the elderly who have difficulty using ATM.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.46 no.7
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• pp.679-686
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• 2003

Purpose : Ataxia telangiectasia mutated(ATM) is involved in DNA damage responses at different cell cycle checkpoints, and signalling pathways associated with regulation of apoptosis in response to ionizing radiation(IR). However, the signaling pathway that underlies IR-induced apoptosis in ATM cells has remained unknown. The purpose of this study was, therefore, to investigate the apoptotic pathway that underlies IR-induced apoptosis in a CT-26 cells expressing dominant negative ATM (DN-ATM). Methods : We generated a replication-deficient recombinant adenovirus encoding the DN-ATM(Ad/DN-ATM) or control adenovirus encoding no transgene(Ad/GFP) and infected adenovirus to CT-26 cells. After infection, we examined apoptosis and apoptotic pathway by [$^3H$]-thymidine assay, DNA fragmentation, and Western immunoblot analysis. Results : DN-ATM gene served as the creation of AT phenotype in a CT-26 cells as revealed by decreased cell proliferations following IR. In addition, IR-induced apoptosis was regulated through the reduced levels of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, the increased levels of the apoptotic protein Bax, and the activation of caspase-9, caspase-3, and PARP. Conclusion : These results indicate that the pathway of IR-induced apoptosis in CT-26 cells expressing DN-ATM is mediated by mitochondrial signaling pathway involving the activation of caspase 9, caspase 3, and PARP.

• Information and Communications Magazine
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.114-131
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• 1995

본 고에서는 B-ISDN망을 구성하는 요소로서의 ATM 교환기의 역할에 대하여 논하였다. 또 이를 위한 ATM 교환기의 구조, 동작, QoS 등에 대하여 기술하였으며, HAN/B-ISDN 프로젝트의 일환으로 ETRI에서 개발 중인 ATM 교환기의 품질, 성능 및 운용 예에 대하여 논하였다. 시험 결과에 의하면 개발된 ATM 교환기는 정상 상태하에서 고품질을 유지하고 안정되게 동작함을 알 수 있다.

• Information and Communications Magazine
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.122-134
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• 1996

ATM관련 국제 표준안이 마련되어 감에 따라 규격화된 분야를 중심으로 상용 소자 개발이 활발히 진행되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 ATM에서 상용화의 대상이 되는 분야를 기능 및 규격 관점에서 살펴보고 물리계층 기능 처리 소자, ATM 계층 기능 처리 소자, 스위치 패브릭용 소자의 개발 현황을 설명한다. 또한 AAL(ATM Adaptation Layer) 기능 처리 소자에 대해서도 개발 현황을 정리한다.